جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تاریخ عکاسی ایران" در نشریات گروه "هنر و معماری"

Photography, as a powerful communication medium, has always shown us a real and tangible world of cultural richness. Every tribe and nation has its own culture with its own special beliefs and different customs. Just as every historical object carries a message, photos, like a visual language, narrate the untold stories of history that encompass the historical legacy of a nation. This article deals with the investigation of the historical context of the city of Rasht, the first Pahlavi period. The current research, which is of historical-analytical type, and the materials and photos have been collected from organizational archives, institutions such as libraries, and also private archives. The findings show how with the beginning of Reza Shah’s reign, we witness a change in the outward process of people’s lives, especially the change in educational and cultural institutions due to the change in the political and economic system. Urbanization has faced many changes in the first Pahlavi period. Due to having suitable and sufficient infrastructure, people’s receptiveness from a cultural aspect caused new changes to take place quickly in this city. Along with these developments, we are witnessing progress in the process of the city and urban development. With the help of these developments, photography also expanded and the number of photography studios of that period increased. Access to the camera became much easier than in the past, and better light-sensitive raw materials entered the market, and cameras gradually became smaller and portable, the sensitivity of films became much higher, and people took photographs more easily than in the past. With the boom of photography and the same progress in its tools and equipment, we are witnessing an increase in photos of ordinary people and people of streets and markets. The findings related to the city of Rasht show that the presence of people in the city is visible in all the photos of the urban landscape and the photographer is not afraid to record people in his images, and this is a proof of the technical progress in cameras that, unlike in the past, the photographer, to take photos of the buildings, Due to the movement of people and the low sensitivity of the films, which caused shaking in the photo, they were not required to leave the photo scene alone. In the political changes, which was led by the ousting of Mirza Kochak Khan Jangali and the destruction of the cemetery of Sheikh Abu Jaafar, it laid the groundwork for the subsequent changes in this city, which according to the images found, a large percentage of cultural changes such as the construction of cinemas, theaters, hotels and The construction of numerous schools can be clearly seen in the pictures of this period. Since the growing city of Rasht was the origin of changes and transformations related to the events of that period, without a doubt photography had a relation with these developments. During this period, unlike the Qajar kings who only pretended to show their glory in photographs, Reza Shah tried to show the settlement activities, progress and development in urban development as the king of the country and used the photographs not for his personal purposes, but for it is used for political purposes. Among these images, we can mention the opening of railway lines, the construction of bridges, mansions, etc., all of which are being visited or inaugurated. Among the famous photographers of Rasht city in the first Pahlavi period are M. Markarian, Monsieur Soren, Isa Shafaq Gilani, Naghi Motamedi Hamdani, Hossein Mesri, Hassan Ahmadian Moghadam, Shahrabano Noushari, Mohammad Ibrahim Elmipour, Musiqar Photography Studio, Nik Photography Studio, Raphael Photography Studio, Markazi Photography Studio. Looking at the archive of photos of buildings and urban landscape of the first Pahlavi era and comparing it with the Qajar era, it can be said that this branch of photography, by order of Naser al-Din Shah, acted as a reporting news media and helped him in the administration of the country and public awareness of the state of the country. . In order to have more complete information about the cities and villages along his journey, he hired photographers. In reading these photos and putting the images together, it draws attention that despite the presence of many historical places in the city of Rasht, photographers were more inclined to record new and newly established buildings and showed less desire to photograph historical buildings. It can also be seen in the existing images that despite the beautiful nature of Rasht city, local photographers were not eager to record such images, which is believed to be due to the current government’s desire to show urban development and modernization.

Street photography is one of the most popular genres of artistic and professional photography and deals mainly with urban events and citizenship in the streets. All aspects of social life in urban public spaces can be the subject of street photos. People, markets, streets, squares, neighborhoods, parks, urban gatherings, large and small gatherings, urban elements, professions and public works, street arts, national games and entertainment, children and young and old, etc. Various themes ranging from historical recordings, political and social criticism, reflection of urban dilemmas, philosophical worldviews, anthropology, and so on to popular imagery and humor and humor in street photography.Street photography, as an integral part of the art of contemporary photography, sets the scene of people’s everyday lives as their main subject and borrows its main theme from modern life.The main purpose of street photography is to portray everything that happens on the street, not to cover a single incident. Against people who sometimes convey humorous or humorous political or social messages that approach documentary photography in such circumstances. The tendency to study the city and the street in academic and cultural communities is an important and controversial subject, and photo is an important resource for researchers. Street photography and strolling in the street have also become one of the most important and popular topics in cyberspace. This article attempts to explore a genre of photography that has received so much attention in exhibitions, books and dissertations in Iran so far. We’ve got a little bit of a proprietary feel to it, and we’re going to explore this genre separately. This article aims to study street photography in Iran and study the development and development of street photography in Iran as well as the features of this genre in the works of Iranian photographers and considers the importance of recording events and events. The field of photography has been dealt with by various institutions associated with photographers and photographers. Due to the scarcity of resources on the development of street photography in Iran, this article is based on photographs and collections from the personal archive of photographers and online resources. The research method is a combination of analytical and comparative methods, in which data were collected by means of survey, online scientific resources and the study of different books to arrive at the conclusion of the reasons and reasons of the work of photographers. Discussion and finally answer questions. The present study, with all its shortcomings and weaknesses, tries to compile the historical course of street photography in Iran from 1991 to 2016, citing the existing examples and then examining and analyzing the street photographs in the historical period. The result is that in recent years, in addition to diminishing the role and support of government agencies, we have seen an increase in the number of photographers working on city and street issues, and on the other, a variety of approaches and approaches. A look at street photography and a reduction in the concentration of street photography in Tehran are also other results.