جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تزیینات بنا » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Sar-e Qabr-e Āqā mausoleum was built in the 13th century AH/AD 19th century, simultaneous with the reign of Nāsser-ad-Din Shāh Qājār, in an old cemetery near the gate of Shāh-Abdolazim, Ray, as a burial place for Seyyed Abolqāsem Zahir-ol-Eslām, the Friday Imam (prayer leader) of Tehran. With four iwans, along with a double-covered high dome and other various and exquisite decorations in combination with a triangular pediment of the main iwan and the Corinthian capitals as well as other Western decorations adapted from European architecture during the Nāsser-ad-Din Shāh’s reign, the mausoleum is considered a unique example of this style of architecture, i.e. religious and monumental. It should be noted that the Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Paris, commonly known as Sacré-Cœur Basilica and often simply Sacré-Cœur, Paris (1914), which seems to have been much seen and admired with a good reputation in Tehran, has affected the form and construction of this dome. Being in the form of a rectangular cube along its east-west longitude, the mausoleum is located on a platform approximately one meter above the level of the adjacent area.   The present research has been carried out with the aim of studying architectural features and decorations of the Sar-e Qabr-e Āqā mausoleum. In this writing, with a descriptive-analytical methodology and by relying on historical documents and registration files of ICHHTO, together with field studies and documentation of the mausoleum through map preparation and photography, the architecture and decorations of the tomb were introduced, and by library studies based on the interpretive-historical method, the history of the mausoleum and the historical reasons for the influence of Western architectural elements on the architecture of Sar-e Qabr-e Āqā mausoleum have been examined.   The plan, structure, and decorations of the building resemble those of the mausoleums of Tehran's shrines during the Qajar period, such as the Hazrat-e Abdolazim Shrine. The Sar-e Qabr-e Āqā mausoleum with its wide entrance iwan along with the triangular pediment, exquisite mirror-work inside the dome house, stuccowork, tiles, and exquisite wooden shrine of the tomb, has been inspired by the Imāmzādeh mausoleums (shrines of Imams’ descendants) of the Qajar period. This place has the only triangular pediment above the entrance iwan in a Qajar religious building in Tehran. Most religious structures such as the tomb of Shah Abdolazim in Ray and Imāmzādeh Sāleh in Tajrish had a pediment in their entrance iwans, but throughout history, many of these triangular pediments have transformed into circular or flat patterns. The Sar-e Qabr-e Āqā mausoleum could be considered as the only Qajar tomb remained with a triangular pediment.Considering the style of architecture in Sar-e Qabr-e Āqā mausoleum and that of the shrines of Tehran during the Qajar period, the results show that the architecture and exquisite decorations of the tomb as well as the use of European architectural elements in combination with Iranian tomb architecture in here were to strengthen the spiritual and the powerful status of Tehran's Friday Imam and his family, and on the other hand, is a manifestation of modernity in the architecture of Iran in this period, i.e. the 13th century AH/ AD 19th century.

Mahabad, which in the past was called Savojbolagh, Sablagh in the language of the native people, was the center of a part of Iranian Kurdistan called Mokrian. The former Savojbolagh (now Mahabad) is one of the most important cities in northwestern Iran in the southern part of Lake Urmia, which was the center of Mokrian for four centuries. Based on the archaeological evidence, the city of Mahabad was built during the reign of Shah Suleiman (1107-1077 AH), by the order of the Mukrish ruler "Buddha Sultan".and grew and developed from the late Safavid era to the early Pahlavi era. Most of the remaining monuments of the Qajar and Pahlavi era of Mahabad are now the residential buildings of influential people in the city. Many of the buildings belonging to the affluent classes of the city have a wide variety of decorations, Therefore, the purpose of the present article is to discuss the features and types of decorations used in the residential buildings of the mentioned period in Mahabad. So it is necessary to answer to some questions about art styles and patterns that influence the formulation of these ornaments. Since there has been no coherent research on the decorations and architectural style of Mahabad buildings in Mukriyan region, Therefore, their study can provide a broader understanding of the artists' efforts in creating suitable settlements. As a result, it was found that most of the decorative elements were influenced by the facades of the prosperous persons Due to the geographical conditions of the area, many of the decorations have been made with brick and stone materials. Although the decorative designs used in Mahabad are similar to those in cities like Sanandaj, However, these monuments built by native Mukrish artists.

The Hamamyan is one of the most important villages of Bukan which has a privileged position in Iranian archaeologicalstudies due to its impressive architectural works from Qajar period. During this period, mosques, basins,tombs, and master buildings were built by local masters, which is of particular importance for the study of Qajararchitecture in an area of Iran known as Kurdistan that has not yet been recognized in the country’s scientific circles.The present study tried to study and introduce the decorations of Hamamian village’s buildings in Bukan, in otherwords, it attempted to answer the question of: what are the most important factors for the construction of the mentionedbuildings in this village and their decorations and styles? What patterns have influenced them? In addition tothe buildings which are the result of the attention of the masters of the Hamamian village, the decorations and styleof these buildings can be seen in the buildings of Kurdistan, including the cities of Mahabad, Saqez and Sanandaj.Using library and field methods in the present study, it was found that the Hammanians have begun to build complexbuildings in their residence to show their political and economic power among the other Makarians in the Qajar era.The architectural structure and decorative features of these buildings are derived from the local and regional patternsof Kurdistan.

Khansar is one of the mountainous cities of western province of Isfahan, which is formed on the path of a lush valley. The historical background of this city goes back to pre-islamic period. However, during the Qajar period, there has been a lot of growth and development. Currently, most historic remains of this period are residential buildings. According to the references of historical sources, these were Buildings of the lord-farmers. In many of these buildings, which probably belonged to the middle or wealthy class of the city, there are a lot of decorations
that haven’t been covered in any research so far. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is studying the features and types of decorations used in residential buildings in this city. For this purpose, the methods of this article are library and field studies and we tried to study all of these buildings. According to the research, it was found that due to the abundance of wood in the area, many of the decorations of these buildings are also depended on this element. In addition, most of these decorations are probably created by Khansari artists and sometimes by Isfahani artists