جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فضای داخلی » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Passing the time and increasing growth of urban population and the limitation of land in cities, vertical development became popular and apartments and then residential complexes were formed. This trend of housing development has reduced designers' attention to open and semi-open spaces in residential complexes that this issue has a great impact on the human body and soul in the penetration of natural light into the interior space. The main question of the current research is what factors in the openings and their design in residential interiors can improve the quality of natural light. The aim of the current research is to evaluate the opening factors in the main residential space in the amount of utilization and its effect on natural light, which was done using the library documentation method and it is included in descriptive, analytical and applied researches. The area studied in this research is a land with an area of about 44222 square meters in the 2nd district of Tehran, which due to the high population density, the need to create residential complexes in this area is felt. The analysis of information using simulation by Design Builder software has been done with the aim of determining the influencing factors on the use of natural light in residential units. The results show that the area and depth of the space 48%, the dimensions and proportions of the window 32%, the type of glass 8%, the orientation and position 7% and the window separator 5% have an effect on the use of natural light in the interior space.

The world imposes numerous limitations that cause humans to harbor worlds created by the mind and made up of dreams to spend some time in peace. It is enabled in dramatic literature by the suspension of disbelief concept. Suspension of disbelief is the avoidance of critical thinking or logic in examining something unreal or impossible in reality, such as a work of speculative fiction that  Samuel Taylor Coleridge first introduced this English-language term in 1817. Architecture, an ancient art form, and architects, with their primary goal of evoking emotions in users, can introduce novel design patterns in this area by creating spaces that are beyond imagination. Achieving a spiritual and metaphoric architecture, having the ability to answer spiritual needs, is a necessity of today's world, especially in cultures with spiritual worldview. Beyond the appearance of architecture as a functional and material space, its hidden narrative nature and mysterious concept and the way of achieving it are crucial. As a result, designing a space that can elicit this infinity of meaning and a boundary between existence and non-existence in the user, taking him outside of his everyday existence and removing him from his earthly existence by creating a parallel world and drowning him in a peaceful sky, cannot be achieved by following any procedure except for the suspension of disbelief with its surreal properties.The purpose of this research was to identify effective factors that would induce suspension of disbelief in internal spaces and create an immersive experience for the user. Through quantification and analyzing indices of this area, the evaluation of case samples is structured. The method in descriptive-analytic research was formed based on a combined logic (mixed) and seven criteria for interaction with the background, the contributive procedure of the user, technology, immersion, scale, sequence, continuity, and creating delusion with 24 indices of physical design, form, geometry, texture, color, music, empiricism, memory and reminiscences, deja vu, audio, visualization, and simulation technologies, narrative split, making up riddles, causal relationships, internal story, dimensional inconsistency, unreal items in a normal background, historical elements, unreal dimensions, unlimited narrative loop, the border between reality and fantasy, creating a parallel world, creating tunnel and passage, and surreal architecture was analyzed based on Likert spectrum and by placing case samples in the conceptual model. The results show that indices of physical design, form and geometry, texture, color, the border between reality and fantasy, and creating tunnel and passage had the highest impact on case samples. Additionally, indices of empiricism, music, unlimited narrative loop, internal story, audio, visualization, unreal items, unreal dimensions, making up the riddle, simulation, deja vu, surreal architecture, historic elements, narrative split, and finally, creating a parallel world are among other effective components on the suspension of disbelief of the user in the internal space. Accordingly, methods have been introduced for design and how it impacts users. Through the use of these strategies in the architecture of interior space, the user can be transported to a fantasy world and separated from the real world.

The home is the first platform for the formation of one's interactions with others. People in different spaces of the home interact with each other in various ways including eating together, watching TV, talking, arguing and celebrating. The interior space of a house plays a role in the manner and quality of these interactions. During the last four decades, major changes have taken place in the physical components of Iranian home interior design. These changes are sometimes related to the functionality. The changes can be seen in designing elements and details such as openings, furniture, lighting objects, and other details. Physical changes in the house are generally associated with functional changes in the behavior and the use of the interior space in the home. Although these changes can be easily recognized in the physical realm, their impact on individuals’ behaviors and interactions is not easily recognizable. Cinema, is a statistically approximate representation of both the physical and functional aspects of time. Cinema and architecture show commonalities in their subfields, such as stage design and interior design.
The purpose of this study is to extract the physical and functional changes in the home using the analysis of film scenery in the last forty years, as well as the impact of functional changes on the way people interact with each other. The necessity of this research is due to the fact that in the internal resources of the country, less attention has been paid to the classification and categorization of changes in interior architecture in this period.
This is a qualitative research with an implementation perspective. The data analysis method is comparative. Fifteen examples of family movies from the genre of Iranian films were selected for the research, where considerable amount of movie was spent inside the home. By extracting images from the films sequences and analyzing their stage design, the interior physical and functional changes as well as the impact of these changes on the way people interacted was identified and classified.
Findings show that changes of functional components in the last forty years, includes changes in the house plan, such as the method of spatial separation, removing interior walls and boundaries separating spaces, which resulted in freedom of movement in the space and increase direct interactions inside the home. In this research, after analyzing the movie sequences throughout four decades of Iranian cinema, it can be seen that there have been major changes in the way of using physical components. As another example, high rise buildings and increasing popularity of living in apartments has reduced the interactions between the interior of the house with the exterior spaces such as courtyards and walkways. While the impact of changes in physical components such as light, color, spatial proportions cannot be directly evaluated on the way people interact, using them in the expression of narrative script plays a prominent role.

Problem statement: 

Mental health has received a lot of attention in recent years from various fields. One of the parameters of mental health is emotion, which has been influenced by various environmental, social, cognitive, and motor factors. Architectural space as one of the important environmental components has an impact on emotion and has neurophysiological effects on the human brain. Since humans spend a lot of time in the interior of architecture, it has doubled in importance. Despite the great importance of this issue, little research has been done in architecture so far, and most of the research has used qualitative methods of interview, observation, and questionnaire, which, due to the influence of the author, there has been a possibility of orientation in the results. Nevertheless, with the advancement of technology and the emergence of the field of neuroscience, new quantitative tools and methods have been provided to researchers to measure emotion, and it has led to the formation of a new paradigm of neuroarchitecture.

The present research aims to review the studies conducted in this field so that in addition to clarifying the effect of interior architecture on emotion, the methodology of the studies is also analyzed and provides a clear path for future researchers. Therefore, the present research questions can be expressed as follows: Which physical components of the interior space of architecture affect emotion? What effect has their exposure had on neurophysiological emotion? And how do these emotions appear?

The present research employed the systematic review methodology. In this regard, the inclusion criteria such as terms, measurement variables, measuring instruments, and publication date were defined. The way of searching databases of studies, selecting and assessing their qualities were defined, and the final studies were introduced and analyzed.

The results indicate the effect of the physical parameters of the interior space such as form, materials and texture, furniture, ceiling height, architectural details, and openness to nature on emotion, each of which is one of the emotional states and feelings such as enjoy, pleasure, arousal, and disgust have appeared. The present research is a window to the issue of mental health, which introduces a field for using the interior space of architecture as a type of treatment or prevention.

Mutallib-khan mosque is an abandoned and derelic building in the city of Khoy, north-west of Iran. It was built in 1839 with intentions to Serve as a mosque, in which muslims say their prayers in congregation, and also as a tomb for the proprietor and patron of it, Mutallib-khan himself. But upon his unfortunate demise, the building remained incomplete, and the architect's work remained undone. without a dome or any kind of  roof  or closure for about two century, it has been susceptible to any and every kind of damage, ranging from natural predicament to mankind misuses and has always been desolated. The buildings interior space is completely open to the Element and therefore it is fair to say that it does not have an interior space with a quality that house an interior function. On the other hand the very exposure of the building has always been the abode to sun, and daylight has always been present, and this has brought a quality to the space for the past two centuries that has become the quintessence of the building: it's character. This article studies ways in which it is possible to rehabilitate the building through redefining an interior space. The framework of this studies is divided into four main sections. In the first section the building itself is studied from an architectural and historical point of view. Second section is dedicated to a comparison between two extremes in how to treat a classic building in rebuilding its dome. In the third and fourth section methods and approaches to designing a dome-like shell is studied, in the context of iranian domes and contemproray shells.  The outcome of these four sections is a generic proposal of a two layer transluscent dome with an interior geometry of a catenary arch, and an exterior shape of a Chamaneh arch that could be 3D printed directly on the building.

Noise pollution is one of the most important factors in architectural spaces that has a great impact on the comfort of residents. Today, man-made materials are used for improving the sound performance of buildings. For this purpose, it has been tried to find a way to control noise pollution with different materials such as glass wool, rock wool, foam types and acoustic tiles. Most of these materials are factors of environmental degradation and are not recyclable. The purpose of this study is to investigate the acoustic properties of plants and finding a suitable species to reduce noise pollution between two adjacent spaces, also imitating the ferns in order to improve the sound reduction of interior walls between residential units. This research is based on six stages. In the first stage, according to studies on the mechanism of plant texture, it is shown that plants have the ability to absorb sound. By using bionic methods, plants have been identified and their morphology has been done to determine the plant species that has this property. The second part of the research involves identifying the factors affecting sound absorption. At this stage, the possibility of adapting the acoustic principles to the plant texture has been measured. Then the effective parameters in its sound absorption have been investigated by computational and laboratory methods (using scales, calipers, AutoCAD software and Photoshop). Finally, the effect of the sound reduction on the wall is investigated by testing the panel via Cool Edit software and using the impedance tube. According to the results, the non-native fern "Nephrolepis exaltata" is an effective plant in sound absorption. Generally, non-native species of Iran have better sound absorption. According to the research results, all sound absorbers are like a soil layer and don’t have plant layer. The double-wall at frequencies of 250, 500, 1500, 1000 and 2000 Hz has the first priority and then the panel with the vegetable layer. The single-wall panel was tested by an impedance tube in the frequency range of 63 to 1600 Hz and the amount of sound reduction increased by increasing the frequency. The amount of sound reduction reached 18.29db at the frequency of 1600 Hz. This number is acceptable compared to other existing walls, for example, the amount of sound reduction of a wall with gypsum coated panels with mineral fibers with a thickness of 10 cm is 45 dB, while the designed panel with a thickness of 4 cm reduces the sound about 18 dB And by optimizing and increasing the thickness of the panel, the amount of sound reduction can be increased. To use the proposed walls in apartments and other spaces, panels with different characteristics as various thicknesses, different percentages of rice stem and poplar wood and different densities, hardness test on the wall, the aesthetics, the cleanliness of the panels, the late burning of the panels and the exact amount of sound reduction of each wall should be examined and tested.

The quality of interior space of each building should be amenable to the life type according to which its structure has been created. Mosques as distinctive structures of Islamic Architecture, observe this princi ple, as well. The main activity occurring in the mosques, i.e. praying, has not changed during the history and their aesthetic characteristics as a funda mental concept in Islamic Architecture have always been under attention in all stages. With this back ground, this paper tries to study how Aesthetics and the quality of interior space of mosques are related and how coordination as one of the aesthetic criteria with regard to Islamic philosophy affects the quality of interior space of mosques. It seems that the rela tionship between these two concepts should be con sidered both in parts and as a whole. So the main hypothesis of this study is that “coordination affects the spirituality of interior space of mosques by influ encing the elements of space and the interaction that exists between these elements”. Since the historical mosques are the most prominent instances of Islamic art and architecture, Sheikh Lotfollah mosque is con sidered in this study. In order to determine the extent to which coordination affects the spirituality of inte rior space, 40 specialists in architecture and Islamic architecture in Tabriz, who had previously visited Sheikh Lotfollah, participated in this study. The data gathering instrument was a questionnaire, consisting of two parts. In the first part, 15 direct questions were asked in order to examine the impacts of coordination between the elements of space on the spirituality of the mosque, and in the second part, 20 indirect questions were asked to evaluate the interaction between the elements of interior space of Sheikh Lotfollah mosque. Moreover, some photos of interior space of Sheikh Lotfollah with high resolution and great quality were given to the participants along with the ques tionnaires. Then all the questionnaires were analyzed by the SPSS software and the results were discussed using qualitative methods. The results indicate that not only is there a significant relationship between coordination and the spirituality of the interior space of mosques, but also coordination significantly affects individual elements that create the spirituality of the interior space of mosques as well as the interaction that exists between these elements. It means that, individual elements cannot create the framework of a building by themselves, rather, the interaction be tween the elements and the effects they have on each other is essential in this regard.
 Considering the coordination of each element of interior space, it can be claimed that the items of ma terial and color have the most influence on the spirit uality of the space and when the interaction between the elements and their coordination is being exam ined, proportion and color have the most impact on the spirituality of the space.