جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مدیریت مخاطرات » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Risk management is basically an action plan for all projects that can minimize the effects of undesired events as you cannot fully get rid of such risks. All scheduled plans face the risk of unexpected trials, which embeds undesirable consequences. Film and TV productions usually are not executed as production managers, producers or movie planners expect. Many risk-based internal and external factors have the ability to cause minor or major deficiencies in the process of film and TV production both on the target time and their relevant cost. They may extend the runtime of the project or increase the cost of implementing them. Nowadays using empirical science, it is possible to anticipate risks and mitigate them. Risk management involves understanding, analyzing and addressing risks to make sure all activities achieve their objectives. The goal of risk management in a film or TV production project is to follow up on a risky project successfully with a minimum amount of adverse event occurrence before it happens. Regrettably, an investigation has shown that this method is still not considered by local film producers. This article tries to deal with a systematic approach in risk identification, analysis, prioritizing, control and treatment on film production projects. This approach also has the capability to provide mitigation strategies based on practical viewpoints of experts. The current study tends to present a sample risk management pattern just based on the “location” and “crew & equipment” categories. The approach has the capability of extending in other categories such as pre-production, production and post-production phases. The method provides the relevant critical risk factors using the “failure mode and effect analysis; FMEA”. In this context, the risk priority number (RPN) is calculated based on three different aspects. They are probability in occurrence (O) of risk, severity or impact (S) and the capability to detect their occurrence (D). The RPN can then be calculated by multiplication of O, S, and D, each of which is a positive value smaller than 10. Hence, higher RPN refers to the more critical risk and logically should be mitigated to prevent damage initiated by it. Owing to the fact that risk is inherent in everything we do, the type of roles undertaken by its professionals are incredibly diverse. Through a case study, thirty risk factors in the “location” and “crew & equipment” in the shooting-production phase have been identified. The most important are: uncertainty in weather forecasting, equipment failures, crew or actors’ absences, loss of natural light, inability to control the vehicle and blocking the streets. Subsequently, the FMEA is applied to rank them and a multiple criteria decision-making technique based on a simple weighted average method was realized to appraise the appropriate mitigation strategies. Results presented nine critical risk factors such as six ranked mitigation strategies. The most prominent treatment strategies are “considering an alternative shooting program”, “applying check sheets” and “monitoring and controlling day-to-day shooting activities”. It should be noted that results in other projects may vary, due to different film project structure and script requirements.

Cities are complex and interdependent systems, extremely vulnerable to threats from both natural hazards and terrorism. Attributes, which makes cities desirable and attainable, such as architectures, population concentration centers, deployment of urban areas and elements, interdependent infrastructures and others, expose them to high risk of natural disasters and manmade incidents. Some cities, despite of their adaptation capacity with surrounding changes, have long experience to acceptance of residents and continuity of operations. Beside that there were some cities in first millennium of BC that are not so important these days, such as Neyshabour, Iran and Kardouba, Spain. On the other hand, some Islamic cities such as Cairo, Istanbul, Baghdad and Tabriz was considered as one of the big cities in the world and despite of different incidents, they continue to their operations and living due to their changing in needs, functions and operations. These cities because of their sustainable and resistance networks of physical systems and communities, can adapt themselves to different incidents and disasters. Nowadays, although there is a lot of research about the conception of resilient city, there are few systematic rules in resiliency that have been applied in city scale. Subcommittee on Disaster Reduction has defined the resiliency as “the capacity of a system, community, or society potentially exposed to hazards to adapt, by resisting or changing, in order to reach and maintain an acceptable level of functioning and structure.” This is determined by the degree to which the social system is able to organize itself to enhance its capacity from previous experiences to better future protection and to improve risk reduction measures.At this article, systematic approach of capacity evaluation model is used. It tries to determine proposed components and dimensions of Islamic resilient cities by presentation of connection between resiliency, vulnerability and adaptation capacity and also studied frameworks and models around the world.