جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « منوچهرخان » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Safavid is considered one of the most important historical periods in Iran. In this era, extensive developments were made due to civilization knowledge maturity. With the arrival of Shah Abbas, Safavid experienced the peak of its power. The art were supported and strengthen due to the persistence of cultural and religious aspects and longlife of Safavid and the wonderfull support of artists by the court.
During the reign of Qarchoghaykhan and his descendants (in Shah Abbas era), Mashhad witnessed remarkable advances in the fields of politics, culture and arts. Manuchehrkhan and his son, Qarchoghaykhan II, were prominent supporters of the written arts in Mashhad in the eleventh century AH.
Effective role Pedanius Dioscorides (Greek philosopher), author of Alhshaysh in the history of botany and zoology numerous translations of his books in the Islamic world and Islamic grounds followed by multiple copies of this book at the time. In most works, the images relevant scientific text accompanying them. Artists of different ages imaging in addition to text and images before his commitment period represent their aesthetic tastes had somewhat.
Materia medical attention Safavid old man and advances in the field of imaging to provide a copy of the court Alhshaysh = Manuchehrkhan's Golestan Palace.
Manuchehrkhan's Alhashayesh edition with 833 colorful papers is one of irreplaceable and priceless scientific illustration books in the Safavid era. It was completed on the evening of the third Friday of Ramadan in 1038 AH with request and support of Manuchehrkhan, the governor of Mashhad. Now it is kept in Golestan Palace Museum. Copying the book was done by Mohammad Al-Hafiz, an accomplished calligrapher of the time. None of the images in this edition has no a signature except for one, Soorat Alkasfarah (page195 of the book), which is signed by: "Malek Hussein Isfahani."
Furthermore the history of medicine in Iran and the Islamic World and then in Safavid era, and the influential role of the book Alhashayesh and its author, Dioscorides, on plant science and zoology of Islam is described. Alhshaysh artist in the image of some plants rely on their subjective perceptions and the reality of the world is avoided. Illustration edition of Golestan Palace, even those who are unaware of the text of the book or are not able to read them, the book is absorbed. Those interested can with a little, Safavid art in scientific images version of Alhshaysh through the Golestan Palace, in clear view. This version also allows collocation of Safavid art schools as well as the past. The author selects some examples of the Golestan Palace Alhshaysh edition and examines the relationship of images with the scientific edition and similar samples in other editions of Alhashayesh. The use of comparative and historical review as well as scientific and technicall analysis of some images is a feature of this research. Finally, the author concludes that the Astan Quds Alhshaysh edition is the copying source for all editions of the Safavid Alhashayesh including the Golestan Palace Alhshaysh edition .

With the advent of ShāhAbbās، the Safavid dynasty enjoyed its pinnacle of power. In this era، thanks to the endurance of cultural traditions and long reign of the Safavids، and also the extraordinary patronage of artists by the court، the strengthening and establishing of art became realized. ShāhAbbās’ accession to the throne caused significant political change and as a result، many traditional players of the Safavid court lost their grip on power. These changes in politics provided a chance for other layers of society، including slaves (qolāms)، to occupy crucial offices in ShāhAbbās’ royal government، relying on their personal merits. The promotion of the slaves’ political status، it seems، has been a positive factor in their increasing contribution to the art and culture. By early 11th century (17th century A. D)، the slaves، some of them favorited by the Safavid sovereigns and trained under the title of “the especial slave (qolāmkhāsseh)” within the court، had joined the royal library and art workshops as painters and calligraphers، and some of them even became the guardians and collectors of famous manuscripts and other exquisite items. Very soon، as the guardians of visual arts، they were entrenched in the rivalry with the Qezelbāshs and participated in the process of composing and formulating a new pictorial language which reached its prime in the 11th century. Some of these slaves provided great patronage for the visual arts. QarchaqāiKhān، an Armenian slave، and his descendents were distinguished patrons of art who ruled over the city of Mashhad from 1026 to 1076 consecutively. The few but otherwise extremely important works of this family were mostly recognized in the setting of the capital، i. e. Isfahan. However، literary and artistic evidence both show that one can relate the creation of these manuscripts to the city of Mashhad. During the reign of Qarchaqāikhān and his descendents، Mashhad experienced considerable progress in the fields of politics، culture and the art، and Manuchehrkhān and his son، Qarchaqāi Khan II، were significant patrons of the visual arts in the 11th century city of Mashhad. Manuchehr khan’s al-Hashayesh (the Herbs) manuscript with 833 colored illustrations is one of the most invaluable pictorial books of science in the Safavid era، finished on Friday، 3rd of Ramadhān of 1038 by the order and patronage of Manuchehrkhān، then governor of Mashhad. The transcription was done by Mohammad-Bāqer al-Hāfez، the celebrated calligrapher of the day; and with the exception of one painting، sorat-al-kasfara (p 195) signed at the bottom as “the work of MalekHusein of Isfahan”، all the other illustrations lack a signature. In the first part of this essay، we shall have a historical review of Qarchaqāikhān and his descendants’ era، and in the next part، their patronage of the visual arts produced in the city of Mashhad، al-Hashayesh manuscript in particular، will be the focus of our survey.