جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « lefebvre » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Currently, in urban studies, space has got other definition than that of geographical, Euclidean, mathematical and scientific aspects and is considered not as a mere void, physical object, depleted of any meaning, but as an identity encompassing all aspects of human existence. Power has dominated space during the process of urbanization, and the answer to this problem requires finding a creative solution that comes from the heart of society paying attention to the necessities of the context. The study area in this paper is Kamal-ol-Molk Square in the city of Kashan, which is one of the most important urban spaces in this city and has long witnessed the authoritative processes of production and reproduction of space. Groups of people, on the other hand, offer creative answers in their ways of consuming space. The purpose of this study is to explore how to use Rhythmanalysis as a way to better organize urban space consumption in order to findings lead to moderate the view of professionalism and pay attention to people's creative resistance in space consumption and their own order which voluntarily is in proportion to daily life. The research method is referring to the conceptual structure of spatial Trialectics to investigate the effect of the three components of climate-culture-power on the rhythms of conceived-perceived-lived space, based on the progressive-regressive method and including two directions, namely the vertical complexity of the space and the horizontal complexity of the space. To study the vertical complexity, we referred to the history of urban space in Kashan and used the method of documentary studies and analysis in the form of document selection, document analysis and scrutiny. In the study of horizontal complexity, different rhythms of the studied area were studied in a certain period of time and an attempt was made to study the activities of different groups of space consumers through field research (observation with simple and non-interfering method) and descriptive study method. Then, using a combined approach and alignment scheme, the results of the study of each level were integrated into a general interpretation. The findings of Rhythmanalysis in the research area showed that in contrast to the conceived space, the lived space of Kashan city is in line with climate and culture and also has several rhythms that are in conflict with each other. The power of the dominant rhythms has caused to the superiority of conceived space in relation to the lived space. The findings also show that considering the historical importance of lunar cyclic time in Kashan, one should be aware of the importance of the relationship between space and time in urban plans. In the study area, with the implementation of an authoritative plan, the connection between space and time has not been established. This, along with the historical way of consuming space, has caused the space to receive multiple rhythms of the presence of people in it, and in return, groups of people do not accept the space for their presence and occurrence of rhythms of their activities.

From the late twentieth century onwards, with the advent of globalization, architecture became a tool for branding to turn cities into places of capital attraction. This policy encouraged architecture to separate from the context and create contrast. As a result, the architecture turned into specialized knowledge and artistic work and was separated from everyday life.

Architecture and everyday life have distant and nearby aspects and are the context for emerging the distant and nearby disciplines. The current study has dealt with the distant aspect of modern architecture and later on. The architecture can improve the aspects of everyday life that are in the lower layers by applying the knowledge of human sciences and social science and affect the human community.

The current study tries to explain the relationship and effect between architecture and everyday life using retroductive approach. First, the concept of everyday life is investigated in a descriptive-analytical study and using the documentation studies. Then, the current study introduces the space manifestations of everyday life according to the perspectives of various thinkers and using the qualitative content analysis, studies these opinions and introduces its components and categories.

The findings of the current research indicate that architecture is not limited to an objective or subjective phenomenon and it cannot be reduced to the form and function. The architecture knowledge has three components of knowledge, art and value that have been neglected in the post-modern era. Everyday life also has three components of spatial practice, representation of space and representational space and each component of the architecture affects the aspects of everyday life. The current research addressed the value components of architecture and the representational space of everyday life as a part of the further aspects of architecture and everyday life. Architecture helps reduce the dominance of the different systems on space and improve everyday life in public spaces. Therefore, architecture is specialized knowledge, an art and simultaneously linked with everyday life.

Architecture, or the art of creating space, is an important part of human life defined in relation to the concept of space, while other dimensions of human life, including human activities, meanings, interactions and relationships, occur in the social space. Nowadays, space is no more viewed as an objective, passive and impartial structure, inside which we are merely placed, or which can be calculated scientifically; it is rather produced through a complicated set of social actions that overlap: representational, economic, epistemological and conceptual actions, individual, spatial actions, and collective political actions. Henri Lefebvre organizes these actions in a spatial triad (spatial practices, representations of space and representational spaces). This triad tells us that it is not architects only that form the space, but in fact there are fields of numerous conflicting powers that affect the production of space, and architectural work is only a part of the process of the production of space. Although the relationship between the production of space and capital is an inevitable debate, numerous issues, including the time, place, and economic conditions of the community, have an impact on the type of use of space and perhaps its misuse. Nevertheless, the main purpose of this study is to show the general lines of capital impact on space formation in the contemporary world, so that it is impossible to determine the influences and importance of capital flow in relation to the past, in which the political determines the factor Was ignored. Indeed, nowadays capitalism has expanded its realm of influence. And In addition to the economic domain, capital dominates the cultural, social and, consequently, architectural domain. Therefore, it is necessary to review the role and status of the architecture.This is because architectural action directly affects the social relations, power, production relations, capital and life of societies, and in the long run it might cause social, political, economic and cultural changes in societies. In fact, this study seeks to reveal the role and status of architecture in capital accumulation. For this purpose, using qualitative methodology and logical reasoning, architectural space has been studied in this article through Lefebvre’s theory of production of space. The findings of the study have been presented in the form of analytical models and solutions. The results of the study indicate that the architect, as designer, planner and decision-maker, plays a role in form structuring (homogeneity), spatial organization (hierarchy) and spatial fragmentation, and overlooking the effects that the architect might have on social relations, power, and the production and accumulation of capital can cause architects (intellectual forces) to turn into the infantrymen of the capital. Thus, architecture, as a contributing factor to the improvement of everyday life, should turn into a knowledge-producing field. Architects and designers have mostly focused on technical and artistic aspects of architecture, they have failed to pay attention to other aspects of the design and production of space, such as the importance of architecture as a spatial discourse in which understanding the produced space of spatial forms can help protect social relations, production relations, control and power; as such aspects have been discussed in this study, it can be of great help.