جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "neuroarchitecture" در نشریات گروه "هنر و معماری"

Recent research has shown that the built environment affects human mental health. This research has often been done in the fields of psychology and has been less studied in the field of architecture as the main link field of space design. Since humans spend most of their time indoors, especially in the interior space, its impact on human health cannot be ignored. One of the parameters of mental health is emotion. Many components have been influential on human emotions, among which the architectural space has had the greatest impact. Therefore, the focus of the research is also on it. Also, the emotion component can be measured with the new paradigm of neuro-architecture.

To measure the interior space, the apartment type has been considered due to its greater prevalence in the city and the 40 years (after the Islamic revolution), and selected samples of 96 apartments that were the winner of the Architecture Prize(due to their spatial quality) have been selected. After gathering samples, they were grouped into four categories and modeling was done based on them. The display of four architectural spaces is done by VR glasses. The questions are as follows:  How does the physical residential interior affect human emotions and brain activities? And how do these emotions appear? To answer these questions, we used the correlation research method, and to record the dependent variables, an EEG device with 19 active channels and an elastic cap was used. For EEG data analysis, the EGLAB toolbox was used, the inferential statistical method of the Wilcoxon test was used to review the data significance among each group, and the Kruskal-Wallis H method was used to check the data of all groups. The statistical population of the research was 24 people with an average age of 28 years, 10 males and 14 females.

Based on the data analysis, in the Spac1 experiment, the most activity occurred in the Prefrontal cortex (PFC). In Space 3, the most activity took place in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). (ACC) Theta band modulations are about 52% and in the alpha band, 71% of changes were recorded in about 5 minutes. The number of changes in the theta band was 4 and the alpha band was 8 Hz. In Space 2, the most activity was recorded in the temporal lobe, and Space 4 in the parietal lobe. In the figure below, the brain map shows the average changes in each space.

The results of the present research showed that the architectural interior space with dominant curved forms such as arches, and brick materials and its pure color had the greatest impact on emotion and pleasant excitement. In the long term, this issue can create peace and achieve mental health. In addition, since the issue of esthetics has always been of interest to architects, the results of this research have shown that the interior space with wood materials and even rectangular forms is experienced from the user's perspective as beautiful.

Problem statement: 

Mental health has received a lot of attention in recent years from various fields. One of the parameters of mental health is emotion, which has been influenced by various environmental, social, cognitive, and motor factors. Architectural space as one of the important environmental components has an impact on emotion and has neurophysiological effects on the human brain. Since humans spend a lot of time in the interior of architecture, it has doubled in importance. Despite the great importance of this issue, little research has been done in architecture so far, and most of the research has used qualitative methods of interview, observation, and questionnaire, which, due to the influence of the author, there has been a possibility of orientation in the results. Nevertheless, with the advancement of technology and the emergence of the field of neuroscience, new quantitative tools and methods have been provided to researchers to measure emotion, and it has led to the formation of a new paradigm of neuroarchitecture.

The present research aims to review the studies conducted in this field so that in addition to clarifying the effect of interior architecture on emotion, the methodology of the studies is also analyzed and provides a clear path for future researchers. Therefore, the present research questions can be expressed as follows: Which physical components of the interior space of architecture affect emotion? What effect has their exposure had on neurophysiological emotion? And how do these emotions appear?

The present research employed the systematic review methodology. In this regard, the inclusion criteria such as terms, measurement variables, measuring instruments, and publication date were defined. The way of searching databases of studies, selecting and assessing their qualities were defined, and the final studies were introduced and analyzed.

The results indicate the effect of the physical parameters of the interior space such as form, materials and texture, furniture, ceiling height, architectural details, and openness to nature on emotion, each of which is one of the emotional states and feelings such as enjoy, pleasure, arousal, and disgust have appeared. The present research is a window to the issue of mental health, which introduces a field for using the interior space of architecture as a type of treatment or prevention.