جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « silk » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

In 1294 AH, shah Nematollah Vali`s Pareh was weaved by sixteen kermanian Iadies during three years, in order to cover his sepulcher. Since this work is the oldest remained one in kerman Province , the recodnition of its harm is so important. The analytical system SEM, was used in this research, in order to investigate the fibre harm form a high view point. The result showed that the problem exisists in cuticle and cortex part of the wool used in cloth, decorative skilk fibre( used on the edge of pateh), and in the scrim fiber which is flax. This damge could probably be as a result of the physical and mechanical pressure on the silk and wool fibers, embroidery threads, and the scrim of the cloth. A thick layer of contaminationes  is also seem on the surface of the silk fibre, needle sewed threads , and scarf threads ( base cloth). The EDS system was used to identify the contaminates, and the elements Silicia, Lead, Aluminium, and Manesium were found accordingly. The existence of dust on silk roots causes the friction of the fibre over the time. The FTIR method was used to investingate the structural damages of the yarn and to indentify its structure. It was found that the process of vandalism exists in wool, embroidery threads, scarf threads ( base cloth), decorative root threads on the edge of pateh, and spun and scrim flax threads. Photo_ degradation , dryness, friction, and mechanical pressures are probably the reason of such a great vandalismof the studied fibre.

Today, the use of enzymes and antibacterial protein fibers is greatly favored by researchers to protect textile against microbial attacks, spots, discoloration and to increase shelf life of silk carpets in museums. This study investigates the effect of protease and nanosilver on silk yarn. Silk yarn with 140 Tex as a carpet pile treated with protease and nanosilver in different conditions and their antimicrobial properties against two bacteria, i.e. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied and compared. Also, some characteristics of products including weight loss, whiteness index and color indices, have been investigated in SEM images. Using nanosilver alone showed excellent antimicrobial properties against microbes with different concentrations while reduced the whiteness of silk yarn. However, using 2% protease led to enhanced antibacterial properties, and whiteness. On these bases, concurrent use of protease and 30 ppm of nanosilver produced silk yarn with excellent antibacterial properties i.e. 100% bacterial reduction.

According to the thinkers and historians of Iran history during Islamic epoch, The Safavid era has always been recognized as an era with most magnificent and powerful national-religious state including the controlling central government. Due to establishing new government infrastructures for politics, economics and culture in this epoch, a marvelous revolution happened in the social life of Safavid era; among such infrastructures, economic and commerce factors were especially of great importance for an operational platform to such an extent that it became one of the most critical priorities of grand policy-making of Safavid kings. Considerable capacity of carpet industry due to presence of many centers providing raw material such as: silk and cotton, and also the production and preparation of invaluable carpets in the carpet workshops of economic cities of Safavid era, paved the path for the development of carpet trading as a strategic commodity. In this paper, it has been tried to clarify the status of carpet industry in the foreign trading policy of the Safavid era using a historical analysis approach and reviewing reliable history books covering that era and also travelogues of European travelers in Safavid epoch. This paper also tries to provide a reasonable answer to the question that what the role economic cities played in industrialization of carpet industry.

One of the pre-treatment processes on silk is degumming that has much influences on other processing. There are various degumming methods and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this research protease (Alkalase) and Keliab (remaining ashes of "Oshnow" plant obtained from Qom, Yazd and Kashan) used as environmentally friendly compounds for degumming of silk. Different concentration of enzyme with soda ash and surfactant and also Keliab were examined. Some properties of degummed samples such as weigh loss, strength, lightness and whiteness were tested and surface morphology also was observed by SEM. The degummed yarns then dyed with madder, using two types of mordant namely stannous chloride (SnCl2) and aluminium-potassium sulphate AlK(SO4)2. The color coordinates L*a*b* and washing fastness and light fastness of samples were evaluated. The results showed that weigh loss percentages, strength and whiteness of samples varied due to degumming with Alkalase and Keliab. However, washing fastness and light fastness of madder dyed samples were acceptable.

Supply of any product is viewed an important element of production process. Lack of a product supply interferes with the production process and lead into serious damage in marketing the product in a competitive market. More specifically, due to unique characteristics of silk industry and silk such as small workshops, their spread over large areas, scattered consumers (carpet weavers), silk’s seasonal nature, being bulky, its decay, multiplicity of its preparation for final product (thread), and its low price requires due attention. In this article conceptual model of supply cycle by Sohal and its components are applied to investigate the present situation of supply cycle of silk threads. The main focus of the model is on improving management of supply cycle. A number of relevant hypotheses are tested. Rresults showed that factors such as location of the production and uncertainty of production have significant influence on supply cycle of the product.