جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « historical context » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

People in a society become sophisticated when they face unfamiliar and unknown social and public challenges and spend part of their daily lives in the public arena. This issue raises the level of solidarity of people and makes the place a familiar one. The spaces we face daily, engage us socially, culturally, and communicatively. And by creating a high environment, they build a sense of peace and improve the spirit of society. (Cattell et al. 2008.) Since the urban space is incomplete and undefinable regardless of its social processes, many thinkers consider the importance of social space more than physical space. Social space is a social product, and every society produces its own space. The centrality of daily social attitudes and actions in space is considered concerning the importance of spatial aspects of the social organization of space. Therefore, the space is at the center of the continuity of historical and social processes and includes the confrontation over meanings and values. Continuous relationships between elements through shape, color, texture, and continuity patterns form the perception of organizational elements in the space and prevent any change and interruption in the space. The existence of sociable public spaces is an important supplement for people's socialization. The sociability of public spaces promotes the spirit of solidarity and individual growth of the city's people, regardless of race, age, socio-economic status, and gender. (Najari and Mehdinejad, 2019) Since urban space is incomplete and incorrect, regardless of its social processes, many thinkers consider the importance of social space more than physical space. Social space is a social product and each society and its production method produces its own space. Therefore, engaging in environmental links with the undeniable part of daily social and individual biological experiences and strong visual communication and spatial visualization causes that even with relocation, one's thinking develops. Living cities all have systems with active and identifiable public spaces for the city, where people can meet, move, and communicate with each other. Physical space, to respond to social needs with the necessary opportunities to acquire social business, and public space in cities, can respond to these needs. But in contemporary societies, the downward trend of audience presence in public spaces and the weakening of the social sense, causes the experts of architecture and urban planning, in connection with the issues of social quality of the place, the amount of audience attraction, and the promotion of social belonging in the public space, researchers. Knowing the factors from the point of view of thinkers to understand the concept of concepts and its effect on the urban body and to investigate how to promote social needs and environmental connection in the Pamenar neighborhood is the main goal of this research. To answer this; The study investigates the interconnectedness of social interaction and the urban body and its environmental connections with a qualitative method of case study and analytical perspective, and by inferring the relevant findings and opinions of social science experts in the urban field to provide a reliable definition of the interaction between the body of the city and social interaction, and finally to explain the criteria for promoting interaction. Social presence is studied in the local plaza as one of the most effective public spaces in cities. The neighborhood studied in this article, Pamenar, is located in the heart of the historical context of Tehran. It is also a residential neighborhood whose residents can play an active role in maintaining and promoting its identity. The research findings indicate that the two primary indicators in the development of social interaction are the physical body and the creation of a social event (activity). The revitalization of this context depends on the development of social interactions. Therefore, the present article considered the two main factors of attention to the urban physical body and the reproduction of social events as endogenous factors in shaping urban revitalization. It examines the origin of the Pamenar revitalization within its context, exploring the historical background as a source of inspiration for generating fresh ideas. According to the particular location and the subject of the research, and based on the research and field investigations and multiple visits to the target site, designing a plaza with a revitalization approach is one of the best options in this place. Furthermore, the architectural significance of plaza design entails the creation of public and urban spaces comprising various elements like amphitheaters, cafes, galleries, bookstores, small vendors, and other necessary public areas. These communal spaces will be meticulously designed, evaluated, and scrutinized.

How to revive and develop the historical contexts of Iranian cities today has become an important and challenging issue. One of the suggestions and solutions is to create nightlife in historical contexts. In fact, the use of historical textures at different times has attracted the attention of researchers and restorers. Experience has shown that in the historical contexts of different countries where night life is going on, due to the presence of people after work and during the night hours, the economy has been more prosperous. Also, due to the proper lighting and the large number of people in these neighborhoods, crime and misdemeanors are less. In fact, proper lighting in historical contexts increases the quality of life and creates safety and attractiveness in the context. The historical textures of Tehran have a great potential to create night life. One of these historical contexts that has been investigated and proposed for revitalization with a nocturnal approach is the historical context of Tehran Citadel in the 12th district of Tehran. A descriptive-analytical method was used in this research. Primary documents were collected through library studies and objective observations. Using a quality and quantity rating table, various factors of the researcher have been evaluated and analyzed, and suggestions have been made based on these analyses. According to the observations and analysis, the historical context of Tehran Citadel has been revived and turned into a context with night life by changing the use and proper lighting and suitable furniture. By creating 24-hour uses such as restaurants, cafes and holding parties and night shows or appropriate furniture, the historical context of the citadel has been revived. Lighting has had a positive effect on the development of night tourism in Tehran Citadel, and lighting projects, in addition to being an ornamental activity, were an effective method for night life and spending leisure time in the context of Tehran Citadel.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the research method. In terms of nature, it is based on new future-research, analytical and exploratory methods. The collection of data and information has been done by the survey method and the analysis of the matrix of cross-effects using MicMac and Scenario Wizard software. Based on the findings of the research, out of 41 investigated indicators,9 indicators were identified as the key drivers of the reconstruction of the historical fabric of Kerman city. Maintaining the originality of the design and work, functional diversity and creating vitality, reuse of buildings and modernization, payment of subsidies and bank facilities, participation of people and the private sector, the role of culture and cultural industries, creation of legal and legal tools, creation of integrated management of historical context and model Comprehensive planning and regeneration management were identified as key factors and drivers of the regeneration of the historical fabric of Kerman. Also, the results of the scenario planning section of the research indicate 4 scenarios with high or probable compatibility for the future of the historical context of Kerman city. The first scenario is completely desirable, the second scenario is semi-desirable, the third scenario is critical, and the fourth scenario is completely critical for recreating the historical context of Kerman city. According to the knowledge obtained from the key drivers and future scenarios for the reconstruction of the historical context of Kerman city, it is possible to plan ahead and pay attention to the key factors and hidden layers in different social fields. , economic, physical, functional, cultural and institutional-management, while dealing with various dimensions of instability and deterioration, reverse the cycle of decline and decline and provide a new opportunity to revive and recreate the historical urban fabric of Kerman

The image of a city comprises the beliefs, perceptions, and imaginations that citizens hold about their city. These mental images provide a framework for urban planners to propose better futures for the city. In traditional urban planning approaches, this images were typically studied through interviews and cognitive mapping – time consuming, costly methods limited to small samples of citizens. However, today, social media and other digital technologies have provided new opportunities to study urban mental imagery. This research, seizing this opportunity, aims to explore the potential of social media visual data to study image of the city. To do so, a three-phase content analysis categorized 4,919 Instagram image data from the historical fabric of Tabriz. Kernel density estimation then mapped the data. Results demonstrate that images shared on social media can not only represent the perceived cognitive maps, but also provide more comprehensive analysis compared to classical methods. In addition to the physical dimensions of space, these data have the ability to represent non-physical dimensions such as environmental preferences, identity elements, activities, behaviors, cultural events, and beliefs of the society. They also enable remote measurement of mental images of the city at any scale, with minimal time and cost. Thus, social media-based urban images can be a valuable complement to classical methods of analyzing the mental image of cities. The analytical framework developed from this study can be used to evaluate and develop the classical theory of the mage of the city in the digital age.

Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths and addressing environmental and physical challenges as weaknesses can greatly impact historical districts. The Sahib-al-Amr historical square in Tabriz, Iran, has historical significance but currently lacks its former identity and value. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to develop strategies for the revitalization of this historical square. Because revitalizing this square is crucial for preserving its historical and cultural value. The current physical challenges and visitor experience demand strategic planning and action for its revitalization.

The study focuses on the Sahib-al-Amr square in Tabriz, Iran, which holds a special place in the city's history. Dating back to the 14th century, the square has witnessed various transformations and architectural marvels, reflecting the influential periods it has experienced. The methodology employed in the research involved using the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) matrix and QSPM (Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix) to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and to develop practical strategies for revitalization. The research strategy falls within the adaptive range (WO), as determined by the QSPM matrix.

The results of the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix reveal the significant impact of existing historical buildings as a strength and visual pollution and lack of security as the most significant weaknesses affecting the historical square. The External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix highlights the economic potential of the market as an opportunity, while concerns such as the absence of security due to broken windows and unauthorized encroachments are identified as the most threatening factors. The QSPM matrix found that priority 1 is creating arrangements for tourists in the historical complex, with a score of 7.23. Priority 2 is making rules to preserve historical buildings in the area, with a score of 7.20. Priority 3 is modernizing the use around the square and considering its historical role, with a score of 7.19. Priority 4 is adding nighttime activities, with a score of 7.08. Priority 5 is limiting car traffic in the complex, with a score of 4.49.

The study recommends an adaptive strategy within the operational range to enhance the environment by leveraging existing capabilities and opportunities. These strategies aim to maximize the square's potential, enhance its historical significance, and create a vibrant, secure, and engaging environment for locals and visitors alike. Strategies for achieving this include formulating regulations to preserve historical buildings, modernizing the use around the square, creating tourist facilities, adding nighttime activities, and reducing car traffic within the historical complex. These strategies not only enhance the city's cultural identity but also contribute to local economy, tourism, and community development. The practical findings and recommendations contribute to the revitalization of similar historical areas and the preservation of the country's rich cultural and historical identity. The proposed measures, such as stakeholder involvement, improved security, pedestrian infrastructure, and traffic management, aim to revitalize and bring prosperity to Tabriz's historical district.

Throughout history, the market has played a role as the backbone and beating heart of the city. In other words, the market is a factor that has always been the main feeding tissue of the city. The worn and old body and function of the market with new conditions and needs, requires planning to recreate the city space, especially the area of the city marke. Therefore, in this research, an attempt is made to provide strategies for recreating the historical texture of the market neighborhood of Khorram Abad, emphasizing the role of the historical market. The current research is a combination of descriptive-analytical and historical methods. Existing valid documents and library studies and collection, observations and field studies including interview, observation and photography are used. Collecting the research data by questionnaire method, the opinions of 10 specialists and experts in the field of city and urban planning are used. To analyze the information by stating the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the SWOT method and using the fuzzy Delphi hierarchical analysis method, as well as the content analysis of the works and information. The result of the research shows that to recreate the historical texture of the market neighborhood of Khorram Abad city, useful and fruitful actions can be taken by emphasizing on the valuable historical works and elements, especially the historical market that has been investigated. Finally, the regeneration strategies of the market neighborhood of Khorram Abad city have been presented according to the investigations carried out in the research.

Historical contexts are considered among the most valuable urban contexts, which over time, with the development of cities and the wear and tear of historical cores, have declined in terms of quality of life. This is while urban restoration has now reached urban regeneration in its evolutionary periods. On the other hand, among the existing approaches in urban planning, considering urban livability for regeneration has led to more interaction between the historical context and the city and its citizens. With this description, the main question and problem of this research is how to increase livability by regenerating historical contexts in a way that citizens experience a suitable quality of life in the contexts and do not intend to leave it. Therefore, the ultimate goal of this research is to identify factors that increase livability in regenerating historical contexts. To achieve the research objectives, this research has explored the subject based on the qualitative research method and specifically the descriptive-analytical method. Accordingly, the results of the research admit that livability has environmental and cultural factors that each group can save historical contexts from wear and tear and return them to urban life. Multiple factors such as improving security, improving urban services and facilities, proper access to public transportation, strengthening a sense of belonging to a place, and improving health conditions are among the reasons for increasing livability in historical contexts. These factors will not only increase the quality of life in these contexts but also protect them as a historical heritage.

Historic urban fabrics are always considered a main challenge in the urban management system; for example, in the discussion of improving resilience, these areas are either subjected to large-scale interventions or are not planned in development plans because securing them with the usual solutions destroys their originality. This research seeks to determine the limit of resilience of this historical area. Through documentary study and qualitative analysis, the physical resilience of the historical area of Hasan Abad Bazaar of Isfahan was evaluated. It became clear that this historical area, in terms of "occupancy level of the building," "building density," and "urban open space," has the most vulnerability. In dimensions such as "type and age of the buildings," it is acceptable. It was found that the contemporary principles of resilience cannot be applied directly to historical contexts because they will damage originality and morphology. Nevertheless, relative safety can be achieved by considering changes such as the quality of materials and the stability of the building and updating principles such as designing several small urban open spaces instead of one big space while preserving maximum originality. Finally, to promote the physical resilience of the historical fabric along with preserving the maximum originality of suggestions in three areas, "urban restoration," "architectural restoration," and "urban management" were presented.

Neighborhood is one of the important factors of social interactions and the presence of people in the community, neighborhoods and public spaces are important factors in neighborhood architecture, nowadays due to extensive changes in urban construction, less attention is paid to the relationships between people in the community, but in the context of In traditional cities, the amount of neighborhood relations is higher and this is due to the type of neighborhood architectural patterns used in traditional contexts. The current research aims to introduce architectural body models. In this research, by identifying and analyzing the physical areas of the neighborhood, along with the typology of physical patterns, the architectural tools and principles in this architecture have been introduced, and its purpose is to introduce these patterns in the historical context of Dezful city. The research method, in terms of epistemology in the interpretive or constructivist paradigm (structuralism), in terms of the comparative approach (method of reasoning), in terms of the type of data, qualitative and quantitative (combined), in terms of the type of descriptive-analytical results and in terms of the approach It is a historical interpretation that has been done by the method of typological analysis and by the method of collecting library data (documents) and the tools of map reading, document reading and fiche extraction. The results of this research show that using architectural tools such as changing floor materials, long and short walls of passageways, changes in light and shadow, roofing alleys and passages, creating level differences, changing proportions and decorations, Three primary neighborhood patterns have been formed for semi-public areas in the historical context, which include the patterns of Sabat, entrance, and dead-end alleys. And things like security, privacy, solitude, climatic and functional comfort and people-friendliness have increased the amount of people's presence in these fields.

Historical cities are living evidence of human civilization and culture. However, there is still much work to be done to identify and accurately understand such civilizational layers in Middle Eastern historical cities. One of the ambiguities associated with Islamic cities is the researchers’ emphasis on their unsystematic arrangement, to the point where some researchers have suggested that the lack of arrangement in the historical network of streets is proof of its chaos. Some scholars, on the other hand, have denied such disorganization and provided answers to prove that an arrangement exists in historical passages. However, the significance of passages in the historical city has yet to be completely examined and described. This study is an attempt to scrutinize the role of the passages in the historical city of Qazvin using a descriptive-analytical method. In addition, morphology and GIS tools were used to identify and analyze the characteristics of the passages in the historical neighborhoods of the Qazvin. The findings of the study show that the passages of the ancient city have been systematically developed and include perceptual, social, and economic components.

In Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related organizations in the form of codified and organized laws, and all these organizations are subject to the laws. The Athens Charter states that these laws and regulations are international and do not pay attention to the local aspect; although the implementation of these laws in Iranian organizations has created a structural order in the construction of intermediate buildings; But it has been used for a long time without updating and paying attention to the canvas. Construction patterns in historical contexts are subject to many disagreements among theorists.

In this research, the classification of urban patterns in the architecture of historical bodies in the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context has been discussed. Also, discussion in this research, urban patterns in the construction of buildings in the historical context are divided into three pattern categories, including1."Decorative/decorative"pattern, 2.

In the following the advantages and disadvantages and opinions of other theorists have been discussed in connection with each of the implemented models and examples. It is hoped that by examining this issue, we will be able to find a specific framework for the construction of new buildings in historical contexts in different cities of Iran.

The purpose of this study was to identify a method for tactical urban planning intervention in urban spaces containing historic districts in the country (case study: Pamenar neighborhood in Kerman) and assess the capacity of traditional neighborhoods in Iran (with an emphasis on the study sample) to implement this approach. Thus, this research seeks to answer questions such as "What are the tactical urban development projects that will enhance the performance of the country's historical districts (with emphasis on the Pamenar neighborhood in Kerman)?" How can the paucities and inefficiencies of Iran's historical districts (with an emphasis on Pamenar neighborhood in Kerman) be recognized and removed through a tactical urban planning approach? The selected strategy for achieving the stated goals using a qualitative approach and data gathering instruments includes two sections: interview and field survey. Also, the MaxQDA2020 software was used to analyze the interview part. The interview data analysis identified several topics and categories linked to challenges, problems, and their solutions. Also, field studies identified nine space types in that neighborhood. Thus, combining the two analytical sections above resulted in the creation of tactical urban planning projects for Kerman's Pamenar area. Most of the recognized places in the neighborhood were ignored persistently, and they led to significant issues. Therefore, the temporary usage of these spaces and their conversion into multi-functional spaces to enhance the socio-economic life of the citizens in that area has been selected as an applicable tactical urban planning approach in this study.

Security is one of the most fundamental human need and has the second place in Mazlo's classification of needs. the environmental factors could influence security. Security is strongly affected by the city as the living Space for the people and the spatial hierarchy of the city (including region, area, district and neighborhood) plays a significant part in maintaining security. The aim of this article is to analyse and prioritise the essential factors of environmental design that influence security of the district centres. First the literature review was analysed to extract the factors of effective environmental design on security, and afterwards the relationship between the paper keywords is visualized through a conceptual model and completed using expert reviews through the Delphi method. As security is essentially measured together with its contex in which it is assessed, case study is the method utilized in this paper. As Sang-e Siah district is one of the most important, most valuable spaces in Shiraz historical area and acts as a symbol for cultural and social identity of the city, is selected as a case study of this paper. The model is afterwards evaluated using survey research method via 37-measure questionnaire in the Sang-e Siah district. Random cluster method was used for sampling and the sample size is 89 persons. The data is processed by SPSS software. The findings indicate that utility-services factors of public recreational and residential gathering spaces, social-population factors of unofficial monitoring of the surrounding environment and pedestrian areas, physical factors of green spaces and parks motifs, and the expressive factors of well-being are significant contributors to the feeling of security of the residents. Conclusively, a redesigning of the district centre is suggested in order to provide cultural and green spaces, and to improve social well-being and resident participation.

The monuments of each land are the cultural identity card of the land. In the meantime, urban textures and bodies have emerged as a result of particular circumstances, undergoing changes in various periods of history to become present, and thus becoming unique and unrepeatable entities and entities. In our country, this unparalleled, in the contemporary era, due to various factors, has undergone metamorphosis and collapse. It has taken place in a disruptive, unregulated tether, and has completely transformed the image of many of our historic cities. New buildings, in the historical context, before being merely an architectural monument, are introduced as part of the city that must adhere to particular rules and regulations to maintain consistency with historical sections. Extensive research on the topic of the body in a historical context indicates the importance of this topic among other issues related to architecture and urban planning. Moreover, learning the implications of semantic values embedded in past architecture and utilizing them in contemporary patterns. How Iranians have been thinking of old buildings and bodies for a century and a half now, because of their historical value, and the use of its components, and from what perspectives they organized it, is a fascinating and fascinating subject. And it's a secret. In this regard, the present study aims at explaining the concept of the body as a visually and conceptually communicative space, which is often a criterion for recognizing the value and identity of cities' architecture, and with the help of this framework, it is possible to identify dimensions and angles. And hidden values and their role in the design of the body architectures of old areas, and by exploiting and preserving these patterns and upgrading existing values in the historical context, one can recreate discolored semantic values in interstitial buildings and with identity. Its appearance harmonized. The purpose of this research is to investigate the design framework of interstate buildings in the historical context and how it is constructed. Therefore, data were collected and analyzed using the descriptive-analytical method to achieve research goals. The results show that historical bodies with multiple semantic values in different layers were objectively perceptible (concepts in the body) and subjective (concepts in the human mind) in the context of historical bodies. The proposed model of this research, after analyzing and evaluating the indicators in the metropolitan areas of central Iran (Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz), reveals the strategies that their architects used in the process of creating the work. According to the results obtained from this research in the field of semantic concepts embedded in the historical contextualization and prioritization of the different value levels of those concepts, more criteria can be used to qualify the construction of interstate buildings in the body. Designed and formulated historical texts. From the author's point of view, the priorities of the semantic values that can be easily reproduced in interstate buildings include connectivity/cohesion, rhythm, the order of flexibility, identity, harmony, and other values obtained in subsequent priorities. They can be represented.

From the general opinions about the patterns of urban design expressed by many theorists, the evolutionary process of the concept of urban objects can be formulated in the form of 3 patterns according to different styles of urban design: 1. Aesthetic/decorative style 2. Functional/software. Model-oriented 3. Sensory/contextual model. The most important feature of "cosmetic/decorative urban body" is to understand the urban body as a two-dimensional view of the wall, and basically two-dimensional walls that rarely communicate with the surrounding spatial structure and are like a thin and luxurious dress that covers the city. It has been said that the walls in question decorate the city, cover its ugliness and in a way give beauty and art to the city. But on the other hand, the most important feature of the functional/program-oriented urban body model is to stay away from it. The concept of a two-dimensional wall is presented in the form of a three-dimensional spatial structure, and the understanding of the urban environment is usually defined as a three-dimensional object under the title of "spatial model" and finally theoretical foundations. The "perceptual/contextual urban body" can be found in postmodern theories, phenomenological studies, and environmental perception studies, which practically created a new type of aesthetics that can be called "perceptual or phenomenological aesthetics". In this body model, it is viewed not only from the eyes of the head, which is mentioned in the aesthetic/decorative and functional/program oriented urban body model, but also from the eyes of the mind and the eyes of the heart.The form obtained from the combination of the three views mentioned. In this research, the classification of urban patterns in the architecture of historical bodies in the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context was discussed. Discussion Also, in this research, urban styles in the construction of buildings in historical context were divided into three categories of styles, based on the research of this practice, it can be said that in terms of theoretical foundations and based on the stated theories, three conceptual models of the urban body based on " decorative wall model", "space model" and "space model". There is also a fundamental difference between these three modelsIn Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related organizations in the form of codified and organized laws, and all these organizations are subject to the laws. The Athens Charter states that these laws and regulations are international and do not pay attention to the local aspect; although the implementation of these laws in Iranian organizations has created a structural order in the construction of intermediate buildings; But it has been used for a long time without updating and paying attention to the canvas. Construction patterns in historical contexts are subject to many disagreements among theorists.in the following the advantages and disadvantages and opinions of other theorists have been discussed in connection with each of the implemented models and examples. It is hoped that by examining this issue, we will be able to find a specific framework for the construction of new buildings in historical contexts in different cities of Iran.

The success in obtaining and the appropriate quality of the infill architectural structures mainly depends on the evaluation of different conditions as well as creativity, sensitivity and finally innovation in architecture. In order to properly and correctly implement the intermediate approach, the qualitative assessment of the current environment in which the building is supposed to be placed, and then the selection of a creative approach that enables optimal interaction between the building and the surrounding environment, should be carried out, which is a complex, multifaceted, It is interdepartmental and even transdepartmental. In this way, it is not possible to pay attention only to the physical dimension. The purpose of this research is to examine the basics of interdependence and its components in the majority of urban development and to use these concepts and components to achieve a specific model and structure in the target sample. A case example of this research is the Plasco building, which is located in the historical context of Tehran. Accordingly, its location has had a great impact on the research process. In this article, a comprehensive review of Plasco's new building has been attempted with regard to the principles of interfaith design, the type of approach to the building, its harmony and unity with the old buildings and context around it. In this research, an attempt has been made to explain Plasco's intermediate architecture in its historical context with regard to the relevant theoretical foundations, the surrounding landmark buildings and the historical lines of the context. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. First, the background of the research and theoretical foundations, as well as the review and introduction of related definitions and concepts based on library studies, have been discussed. Then, based on the obtained concepts, the Plasco building model is described in detail based on the intermediate architectural criteria. Based on the obtained results, the new building of Plasco is a linear intermediate type and is located between two neighbors in a linear fashion. In the facade structure, it also has arrays of buildings around it, but it does not obey any of them completely.

Statement problem:

 Today, due to contradictory approaches and lack of proper orientation, it has unfortunately created inappropriate urban facades and destroyed physical identity in Iranian cities.

To evaluate the factors affecting the identity of the anatomical views in the historical area of ​​Tabriz city.

The analytical-inferential method was used. The statistical population was two groups of building users and experts. Structural equation method with Smart Pls software was used to collect information.

According to the users, the greatest impact on the physical identity of the facades of the historical context of Tabriz city is related to the destruction of historical facades and personal taste, order and harmony, and the least is related to the corner and the connection line to the ground. According to experts, the most effective is related to human scale and size, facade materials and personal taste. The lowest is related to the corner and connecting line. In the end, both groups were unanimous in the field of least impact, i.e. the criterion of the corner and the line connecting to the ground.

All the examined components have been effective on the anatomical identity of the historical fabric of Tabriz city. Considering the close relationship between physical identity and urban views, it can be said that with proper management of views, tangible physical identity can be achieved.

In historical urban contexts, the components of the combined context should work towards the comfort and improvement of the quality of the social life of the society and each individual. Now these historically valuable contexts are considered the center of the social life of the city, place and individual, so they should always meet the daily needs of the society. provide, considering the new lifestyle and devoting most of people's time to work and activities outside the home, it seems necessary to provide social needs in outdoor spaces, especially historical contexts in the center of the city. An examination of the effective factors in creating a sense of social vitality in the historical contexts of Kashan in terms of human and architectural factors Darb Bagh neighborhood is one of the historical neighborhoods of Kashan and has a physical structure different from other neighborhoods of the city. This city has cultural value and prestige due to the presence of historical elements. The type of intervention in this context is important due to the presence of factors and damages. In terms of its purpose, it is a practical development, and the method of collecting field information is a library. Through field studies, as well as by compiling the proposed questionnaires and checking them with different methods, it was found that the residents of the neighborhood want a traditional structure. and preservation of historical identity. The findings showed that from the point of view of the residents of the tissue, the type of intervention is protective-decorative, topical-topical, which should be used in a specialized combination to prevent the valuable tissue from being damaged.