جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « آلودگی به شپش سر » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Head lice infestation is one of the health problems that are more prevalent in schools, worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation in governmental primary school students in Marivan City and its related factors such as age, grade, gender, bathing and hair length in 2018-19.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Marivan City in the first semester of 2018-19. Using random sampling method, we selected 457 students from different regions of Marivan. SPSS 20 software was used for data analysis.

Among 457 students, 109 (23.9%) were infested with head lice. The rate of infestation was higher in the girls (68.8%). The highest and lowest percentages of infestation were detected in 29.4% and 2.8% of the fourth and first grade primary school students, respectively. There was a significant statistical relationship between head lice infestation and gender (p = 0.0001).

The results of the study indicated a high rate of pediculosis capitis in the students. This high rate of infestation can lead to more spread of infestation among the students and, consequently, - can cause students failure at schools. It seems necessary to take measures to reduce this infestation by planning and designing training classes for school principals, teachers and parents of the students

Head lice is a worldwide parasitic disease that can be considered a threat to public health. The majority of its prevalence is among children aged from 6 to 11 years. Due to students’ low attention to personal hygiene tips, and presence in populated places such as schools, they are more prone to head lice infestation; thus, studying this disease among students is a hygienic priority. The current study was undertaken among primary girl students in Doroud County with the aim to determine the prevalence of head lice infestation and its relations with epidemiologic factors and to evaluate the treatment efficay of permethrin shampoo 1% and dimethicone.

The present study was performed in two phases: observational (cross-sectional) and interventional (clinical trial). Five schools were selected from five geographical areas for sampling. Other information was collected from student records or by direct inquiry. Eighty girls infested were randomly allocated in two groups and received either one of the mentioned treatments. The results of the interventions were evaluated on days 7 and 14.

The prevalence of head lice infestation was10.3%. The most involved group (40 %) were students of third grade. The father’s education and shower times per week showed significant effects among epidemiologic factors (p value = 0.05). The outcome of treatment in the first week did not show a significant difference between the groups. Treatment with dimethicone lotion in the second week (p value = 0.025) and in general during two weeks (p value = 0.006) was more effective in removing the head lice than permethrin shampoo.

Head pediculosis is more prevalent among girl students whose fathers are less educated and take less showers in a week. Thus it is crucial to deal with head lice by social health education among families. In addition, dimethicone lotion is more effective than permethrin shampoo in eradicating this external parasite.

Head lice are obligatory human and animal ectoparasites that are considered one of the most important health problems around the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden associated with head louse infestation in Qom province using Activity Based Costing.

In a cross-sectional census study, all schoolchildren in census form Qom province were investigated for head lice infestations in the year 2018. Also, all individuals who had complained of head lice infestation were examined and the confirmed cases were entered to the study for evaluating of economic burden of head lice. The two financial soft wares (Azarakhsh and Roozamad) in Excel were used to costs analysis of government expenditures (direct and indirect costs) and out of pocket costs.

Economic burden of head lice infestation was estimated 14,985,409,572 rials (299,709$). The direct and indirect costs; governmental cost, out of pocket and total costs (governmental +out of pocket) of head lice infestation were included 157,337 rials (3.14$), 141,675 rials (2.84$), 299,012 rials (5.98$), 280,000 rials (5.60$) and 579,012 rials (11.58$) per case respectively.

Head lice infestation impose high costs on government healthcare systems, and in particular on households. Therefore, it is recommended that, while prioritizing lice-prevention programs, a larger share of the health care costs to pay by the government healthcare systems. It makes the out-of-pocket payments will be minimized.

Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are obligate ectoparasites of mankind, and are mainly transmitted head to head directly from one person to another. Human head lice treatment is faced with some challenges such as lack of complete treatment and the need for treatment repeatedly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two pediculicide products (substances used to treat human head lice infestation); 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion.
In this clinical trial, 140 cases of head lice infested people that were referred to the urban comprehensive health centers of Qom provincial health center related to Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran, from April to March 2017. The cases randomly were treated with two pediculicide products; 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion. The outcome of the treatment included removal of adult human head lice, nymphs, and nits in confirmed human cases at 14 and 21 days after starting treatments were considered.
The success rate of human head lice infestation treatment in case of double use (at one-week intervals) with 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion was 65.7% and 62.9%, respectively. There was no statistical significance between the therapeutic effects of the two above-mentioned methods (odds ratio=1.22, P=0.59, CI=0.6-2.5). While the recovery rate of men compared to women was 3.8 (P=0.036), it was 3.1 (P=0.05) for housewives compared to students, and in families with one case compared to ones with more than one patient, this rate was found to be 3 (P=0.034). Family size was one of the most important variables that had a significant effect on the therapeutic rate of 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion.
The findings of this study do not support the reduction in efficacy of 1% permethrin shampoo and 4% dimethicone lotion as pediculicide products.