جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اختلالات تغذیه ای » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

One of the problems in children with intellectual disability is Feeding Disorders. The Purpose of this study was evaluate the effectiveness of Intervention based of Escape-Extinction (EE) on Feeding Disorders in Children with Mild intellectual disabilities.
Material & This study was a Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group. The Statistical Society of this study included all children with intellectual disability (3-6 years old) that visited to the Rehabilitation Center of Ilam city in 2016. The research sample included 16 children that were selected from this society with Simple Random Sampling, than they allocated in two groups of 8 people (Experimental and control groups). The experimental group received the Escape-Extinction intervention in 8 sessions and 3 sessions in per weeks. The data collection tools consisted the screening tool of feeding problems (STEP) (Matson & Kuhn, 2001). MONCOVA Analysis was used to analysis of data with SPSS 19 software.
The results showed that the mean score of Feeding Problems has reduced from 52/875 to 32/500. Also, the Effectiveness of intervention based of EE was significant on Aspiration Risk (P=0/012 & F=8/391), Selectivity (P=0/017 & F=7/445), Skills (P=0/006 & F=10/680), Refusal (P=0/030 & F=5/951) and Nutrition (P=0/028 & F=10/121).
The Intervention Based of Escape-Extinction can be causes decrease Feeding Disorders in children with intellectual disability. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize of this intervention for decrease Feeding Disorders in the rehabilitation centers.

Back ground and

Feeding is the most essential behavior in infants for vitality, learning and interaction. Because of feeding importance in developmental process and its primary role in infant’s vitality, the study of dysphagia has an important role. Diagnosis, assessment and treatment of this disorder are primary professional action for speech therapists. Therefore, basic information about prevalence of such disorders can be effective in treatment planning. In this study, the number of infants with oral feeding disorders is determined in NICU.

In this descriptive-sectional study, all infants that were in NICU at Tehran University of medical sciences hospitals were evaluated in three first months of 1390 year through information from medical history, interview and observation. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.

Data analyzing of this study showed that 45 infants (27.10%) from 166 cases in NICU had oral feeding disorders. The incidence in male is more than female (91.11% versus 8.88%). Twenty two of cases feed normally, 18 cases feeding with NGT and 5 cases with OGT. The rate of difficulty in oral phase and esophageal phase were 88.88% and 2.22% respectively. No infants have difficulty in Pharyngeal phase.

Feeding disorder assessment by speech therapist provides essential information about feeding intervention and so early diagnosis can prevent later speech problems. Therefore, the role of a speech therapist in NICU is important.

Children malnutrition is one of the important health problems in developing countries. Assessing anthropometric indicators are the most important tools to evaluate growth and nutritional status in children. The aim of the present study was to determine prevalence of malnutrition in preschool children. This cross-sectional and descriptive analytical study was done on 1132 preschool children in Birjand selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire and by measuring weight and height of the children on the basis of the standard method. Nutritional status of the children was evaluated according to three indexes: weight for age (e. g. underweight)، height for age (e. g. stunting)، and weight for height (e. g. wasting). Then، the results were compared with WHO standards. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software and chi-square test، taking P<0. 05 as the significant level. 46. 5% of the children were boys and malnutrition prevalence regarding underweight، wasting، and stunting was 42. 8%، 61% and 19. 2% respectively. There was a significant relationship between malnutrition and mother''s age، gender، job، educational level، and residence with the three indices underweight، wasting، and stunting; and also between household size and stunting (P<0. 05). However، there wasn''t a significant relationship between malnutrition، household size، and birth order. Regarding high prevalence of malnutrition in preschool children and its relationship to socio-economic variables، the problem may be reduced through increasing families'' income and parents'' educational level.

prevalence of eating disorder is very important in women with sport activity and threats their mental health. To determine the eating disorder signs and the role of these disorders in psychological signs in women athletes. 181 women with sport activity in aerobic and physical readiness selected by clustered sampling and they filled Ahvaz eating disorder scale and psychological signs questionnaire. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics، Pearson correlation and multivariate regression. 16. 5% percent of athletes have eating disorder signs، 14. 3% anorexia nervosa، and 3. 3% bulimia nervosa. Eating disorder signs (r=0. 439)، anorexia nervosa signs (r=0. 466) and bulimia nervosa signs (r=0. 28) were meaningfully related to psychological signs and anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa signs explained 0. 229 the variance in psychological signs. These results correspond with findings from other studies، and support the importance of eating disorders signs and its role in psychological signs.

Malnutrition is one of the most important health problems in developing countries, especially in school students. To determine of relationship between intestinal parasitic infection and wasting and growth stunting incidence among primary students in rural areas of Kashan, in the year of 2008. In this Case-Control study, 65 students with wasting and 65 students with growth stunting were chosen as case groups, also 65 students without malnutrition were chosen as control group. The National Center of Health Statistic (NCHS) growth charts was used as normal standard. The nutritional status was measured by Waterlow classification indicators. (The ratio of weight to height (wasting) and height to age (stunting) for pathogen intestinal parasites diagnosis). Three serial fecal samples from students in case and control groups was collected during different days, in addition Cellophane tape method for Enterobius vermicularis eggs was performed in all of them. According to data, there were no significant relation between Pathogen intestinal parasitic infection and wasting and growth stunting (P=0.08 and P=0.18) respectively. The possibility of causing major detrimental effect on natural status of children by light parasitism is low