جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اخلاق و اخلاق حرفه ای" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Professional ethics is based on human values, tasks, rights and responsibilities and affects the professional and organizational conditions of nurses. In this regard, the aim of this study was identifying framework of the dimensions of nurses' professional ethics from the point of view their and physicians. This study was done with qualitative method, using semi-structured interview, with the participation of 26 physicians medical ethics specialist, clinical specialist, clinical assistant and intern and 20 nurses based on theoretical saturation with the purposeful sampling method and after obtaining informed consent from them. Content analysis method was used for data analysis, which was done in MAXQDA version 18 software. Findings showed professional ethics was based on a four-dimensional framework; The professional ethics of nurses in relation to the patient (six sub-components), in relation to colleagues in different job categories (four sub-components), in relation to the profession (three sub-components) and in relation to the hospital and medical organizations (two sub-components). The reliability of the coding of the components was obtained based on the Kappa index equal to 0.88. Therefore, it can be said. Framework of the dimensions professional ethics of the point of view of nurses found meaning in relation to themselves and others (patients, colleagues, organization and profession). The nurses, knowing and observing the details and nature of these communications, as well as the individual rights of these people from their own point of view; they can properly implement the principles of professional ethics in advancing the goals of the organization and increasing the quality of service provision and the satisfaction of others and raising the status of the profession.

The interdisciplinary nature of the profession of counseling in midwifery underscores the need for the establishment of an ethical framework to guide the provision of counseling services in various areas of midwifery and women's health. Consequently, the present study has been conducted with the objective of formulating code of ethics in midwifery counseling.

Methods & Materials: 

The present study is a developmental study using the Delphi method, which was conducted in three stages in 2020. The first stage involved qualitative content analysis to review the texts, and the development of an initial draft of ethical codes. In the second stage, expert opinions were sought from professionals specializing in medical and midwifery ethics to evaluate and make revisions to the initial draft. The third stage involved validation of the draft codes and their finalization.

According to the results of the qualitative content analysis, a total of 182 codes were obtained from the texts and classified into eight categories. However, through the Delphi rounds, the number of categories was subsequently reduced to six, resulting in a decrease in the number of codes to 121. The identified categories included; "Professional competence", "Professional communication", "Management of client data", "Ethical considerations in tele-counseling", "Ethical considerations in midwifery counseling education”, and "Ethical considerations in research". These categories were established with a consensus level of 92.4%.

In this research, a set of ethical codes was obtained from the experts’ opinions in relevant disciplines from various universities across the country, with appropriate validity and consensus levels. These codes can be used in providing counseling services in midwifery, promoting safety and adhering to ethical principles and values.

Healthcare services are one of the basic needs of every society. The beneficiaries of healthcare are the people. As a result, the medical profession and its related groups need to adhere to certain ethical principles and laws. The purpose of this research is to provide development strategies and explain the concept of professional ethics in the health system from the perspective of Islam and how to empower students in this field.

Methods and Materials: 

The current research is a narrative review. In this study, by analyzing the top national documents, reference books, documents related to professional ethics, and other related scientific texts, the previous concepts of professional ethics, existing strategies, and the combination of its various components in health have been investigated to find till new strategies in this field are obtained.

During the current research, while explaining and defining the concepts of professional ethics with monotheistic culture and perspective, methods of deepening and implementing examples of professional ethics were discussed. The results indicate that the inclusion of professional ethics in educational programs and its effective implementation by educational groups and the modification of professional ethics training processes can be effective in improving the quality of services and building trust in the field of health.

The results of this study indicate the importance to address and implement more colorfully the category of professional ethics in the educational programs of students of various fields of medical sciences. In this regard, it is effective to hold specialized meetings. It is also necessary to form a working group to develop relevant standards in the Ministry of Health.

Philosophy of medicine is the overlap of the philosophy and medicine disciplines. It examines the underlying concepts of the overt and covert phenomena of medicine and the associations among them by inquiring fundamental questions. In this review, we have tried to evaluate the various aspects of philosophy and medicine, explain the necessity of integrated teaching of these disciplines, and analyze the state of medical philosophy education in Iran and around the world, in order to emphasize on the importance of this issue and provide practical solutions to eliminate the current limitations.

A comprehensive search was conducted in the Magiran, SID, Noormags, Iranmedex, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase databases, using the keywords related to philosophy, ethics, education, teaching, medicine, medical sciences, and their Persian equivalents. The records were extracted till the end of Bahman 1399 for Persian databases, and till the end of February 2021 for English databases. The articles were reviewed based on their consistency with the research subject, and all related articles were evaluated and critically reviewed. After classifying the results, determining the articles' differences, and with reference to the previous studies, the research components were defined and analyzed.

After extracting the chief components related to the research subject and matching its key concepts among the selected articles, the research results were ultimately presented in four topics, including the definition of the philosophy of medicine, the state of medical philosophy worldwide, philosophy of medicine in Iran, and the approaches to integrate the philosophy and the medical education.

By valuing the worthiness and the morals of medical philosophy, we can be rewarded with the advantages of integrated medical education and philosophy. The results of the previous academic courses in medical philosophy in educational centers around the world confirm the benefits of integrating philosophy into medical education.

Compliance with ethical principles is one of the main components in midwifery profession, affecting the personal, professional and social performance of midwives. Given the fact that adhering to professional ethics leads to the accountability of the healthcare team, the study aimed to determine the observance of codes of professional ethics in midwifery by midwives working in gynecology and maternity wards and some related factors in hospitals affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 42 midwives working in maternity wards and 31 midwives working in gynecology wards of hospitals affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a self-report questionnaire consisting of two sections, including demographic characteristics and a researcher-made questionnaire based on codes of professional ethics using a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 18) using independent t-test, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients, and one-way analysis of variance. Moreover, P-value below 0.05 was considered significant.
In this research, mean score of adhering to professional ethics codes in midwives working in maternity wards was 80.5±14.7, whereas it was 85.1±12.02 in midwives in gynecology wards. According to the results of Spearman’s correlation coefficient, a direct association was observed between the mean score of compliance with the ethical codes and knowledge about the midwifery codes of professional ethics (P=0.02, r= 0.273).
Results of the study emphasized the need to increase training courses on midwifery code of ethics for midwives working in maternity and gynecology wards.

Superior ethics badge (NAB plan), that is election of most moral person, best nursing and midwifery in a university is a kind of professional ethics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the implementation of the NAB plan on the professional ethics of nursing staff in Baharloo Hospital. This semi-experimental study was done in before and after design. A 360-degree questionnaire as a data collection tool was used to assess ethical nursing staff in a checklist consisting of 5-4 questions. The five-choice Likert scale was used to describe the data from the central indices and in the inferential part, the t-test, for independent and dependent variables, repeated measure ANOVA and ANOVA were used. The results of the present study showed that the implementation of the NAB plan has a significant effect on the ethics of the nursing staff from the general viewpoint of the evaluators (P <0.001). Also gender, age (30-20 years old were more than 30 years old), education, employment status (formal, covenant, etc.), marriage status and work experience in implementation of the NAB plan had a significant effect on professional ethics of nursing staff but the interactive effect of participants' demographic characteristics was not significant. The results of current study showed that the implementation of the NAB design (superiority of ethics) in Baharloo Hospital promoted the professional ethics of the nursing staff.

The moral is imperative and it’s essential for personal, organizational and community health. The primary purpose of this study is Organizational - professional ethics from the perspective of teachers in the Sanandaj high schools in the school year 2011-2012.
Research Design: This study is an applied research and according to its method of collecting data is considered being descriptive-survey study. Its statistical population consists of all teachers in public the Sanandaj high schools. 322 teachers participated were selected by methods cluster and simple random sampling through Morgan table. Data were gathered by standard questionnaire of Karakse and Kocabas professional ethics, and their reliability (0/82) were calculated and confirmed through cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Collected data’s as well as analyzing by
Findings: The findings of the study indicate that significant differences existed between the opinions of teachers about Organizational - professional ethics in term of age, gender, academic degree and years of experience. The results of this study also showed that older teachers, woman teachers, teachers with high academic degrees and teachers with more years of experience think more positive than younger, men, the holders of academic degrees lower and holders years of experience lower, the organizational-professional ethic at school.
According to the results, and also the importance of the school as a moral organizational, Is fitting ethical prescription and criterion appropriate and the flexibility to be injected into the body, Otherwise, a school cannot achieve moral change, And dilemma and serious conflict about ethical guidelines and ethical code to occur.

Observing the principles of professional ethics in psychiatric patients not only leads to improvement of patient-doctor relationship, early recovery, preferment of treatment process, and client respect, but it also results in a reduction in the patients’ complaints about medical staff’s misdemeanors. The present study aimed to determine the level of psychiatric patients’ satisfaction with principles of professional ethics of the medical team.
This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 of patients referring to the psychiatric clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire including 20 questions about patient's satisfaction level with the medical staff’s observation of professional ethics. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by cronbach's alpha=0.926. The data were analyzed by SPSS using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
The mean score of the patients’ satisfaction with the medical team’s observation of professional ethics was 46.15.47. The patients’ highest mean score of satisfaction was related to “explanations about the drugs which had to be consumed at home” and "respecting the patient's privacy", while the lowest mean score was related to "providing information about services". According to the results, women, married individuals, and those between 51 and 60 years old showed the highest level of satisfaction with observation of professional ethics principles by the medical staff. The lowest satisfaction level, on the other hand, was related to the adolescents (13-18 years old).
The results showed that the patients were averagely satisfied with observation of professional ethics in psychiatric clinics. Since the lowest satisfaction levels were related to males, adolescents, and singles, more attention should be paid to these groups.

Today، the ethical responsibilities are defined in the wide rang of individual responsibilities to professional responsibilities. Professional ethics is one of the important challenges in men’s society. If the definition of Professional ethics would be clear، the professionals in any fields could simply make their own decisions about the right or wrong actions and about the ethical or non-ethical behaviors. In the medical community، ethics has get lots of attention because of its special position. Therefor medical ethic was discussed in the wide range of scientific issue. If the benefits of professional ethics are inclusive، its commitment will be to the principles of the higher grade and how these limitations are more logical، more people do them.