جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اسپلینت » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Various symptoms have been attributed to tooth eruption. Further, parents use different strategies to reduce or eliminate these symptoms. This study was aimed to evaluate parental information about eruption of primary teeth in Isfahan, Iran. 

 This descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted on 100 parents having six-month- to three-year-old children referring to the dental clinics or offices in Isfahan. A questionnaire with validated face and content validity was designed to collect data. It included questions about demographic characteristics, eruption time and the first erupted tooth, symptoms of eruption, and control of symptoms. Data were analyzed by frequency distribution, relative frequency, descriptive indices, and chi-square test via SPSS 22.0. p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.    

The most frequent symptoms parents agreed with included high tendency to bite and chew, high saliva flow, and gingival inflammation, respectively. Fever was the most frequent symptom the majority of parents disagreed with. The most frequent methods used by the parents included hugging the child and amusing the child. The most frequent disagreement was reported for the use of sleeping drugs. No significant correlation between parental information about tooth eruption and economic status, parental education, parental age, and number of children was found. (p value < 0.05) The mean score of parental information was 2.37 ± 0.97 and degree of response was 96%.   

Parents’ knowledge about tooth eruption was moderate and acceptable awareness on symptoms of tooth eruption and methods of decreasing the symptoms was found.

Grip strength and muscle tone of the upper limb is one of the most important factors changed in post-stroke patients. The effect of splint in the reduction of muscle tone and strength in patients with stroke is significant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of volar neoprene hand splint on grip strength and spasticity in a patient with stroke.
In this study, volar neoprene hand splint used in a patient with stroke for 8.5 hours a day for 10 weeks. Weekly evaluation included spasticity and grip strength, using the Ashworth Scale and dynamometer.
The numerical value for grip strength at baseline and without the splint was 0.53 kg and at the end of the tenth session evaluation was 3.03 kg. The numerical value of grip strength of wearing splint was at baseline and last session was 0.1 and 2.5 respectively. There was significant difference on grip strength in wearing splint in the last session. This study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in spasticity by using volar splint.
The results of this study on the use of volar splint neoprene on grip strength and spasticity showed significant changes in the measured items which suggest a positive effect of considered splint on the patient of this study.

Neurological disorders such as Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA) and Cerebral Palsy (CP) are the major causes of disability in adults and functional disability of the upper limbs. These are the most major difficulties that make a person unable to perform daily activities. Splinting is a kind of rehabilitation intervention in therapeutic performance that increases the process of recovery and decreases the level of functional disability post-disorder. The purpose of the present study was to categorize and review articles concerning the effect of splinting on spasticity and upper extremity function in children with CP and CVA patients.
The current study includes a combination of the results of splinting on spasticity and upper extremity function in children with CP and CVA patients. The study was conducted using the evidence-based Duffy method.
From among 46 articles found in the field of splinting and their results on the function of CVA and CP patients, only 25 used the inclusion criteria for the type of splinting categorized as: Volar splint, Dorsal splint, Volar-Dorsal splint, Extension splint, C-Bar splint, Dynamic Splint, Anti-pronation splint, and Saebo splint. The results showed no significant differences between the effects of Volar splint, Dorsal splint, and Volar-Dorsal splint on upper extremity function, but due to the ease of using a Dorsal splint, it is more useful than other static splints. Furthermore, the C-Bar splint was found to be most useful and sufficient for finger activity and active Range of Motion of the hand.
The results of the study demonstrated that splinting is a useful method of therapeutic intervention. However, the aim of splinting, the patients’ condition, and the therapist’s opinion on splinting are the factors that should be the most attended to.

Presence of keratinized tissue around implants for maintaining peri-implant health and their long term stability has been a controversial issue. The aim of this study is to assess the correlation between the width of keratinized tissue and periodontal indices around implant-supporting fixed partial dentures.
In this cross-sectional study, 90 pateints who had implant-supported fixed partial dentures were divided into three groups with 30 patients in each one. Based on type of their prostheses it would be single crown, bridge or splinted. Peri-implant examinations were accomplished by means of measuring the width of keratinized mucosa (KM), the width of attached mucosa (AM), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival recession (GR), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) and collar metal show. The data was analyzed by Pearson & Spearman correlation test by SPSS20 software.
There was significant relationship between KM and AM in all groups (P With limitations of this study, it can be concluded that increasing the width of keratinized and attached mucosa is not necessarily associated with objective peri-implant health.

Temporomandibular joint disorders are common problems among patients referring to dental schools and clinics. However appropriate treatment modalities are performed for the TMD patients in dental school, the results and success rate of these treatments are not studied distinctly. The aims of this study was to determine the treatment performed for temporomandibular patients at the TMJ department of Tehran University dental school in 2010-11. In a descriptive cross-sectional trial, 85 TMD patients treated at the TMJ department of Tehran University dental school were examined at least 3 months after the treatments. The patients demographic data, TMD signs and symptoms and the improvements occurred in TMD disorder were determined (complete, partial and no improvement). The patients satisfaction regarding the treatment results were investigated and data were analyzed regarding the presence of different TMD signs and symptoms before and after the treatment using Mann-Whitney U test. TMJ pain (35 cases, 42.2%), click (33 cases, 39.8%) and muscle tenderness (26 cases, 31.3%) were the most prevalent obtained signs and symptoms. The mean age of the patients were 32.3 years old while females were the predominant group (72 cases vs.11 one). 44 individuals (53.0%) were treated by splint, 11 ones (13.3%) with anterior repositioning splint and 17 individuals (92.5%) were managed by physiotherapy plus splint. 65 patients (87.3%) were satisfied with the results and 16 ones (19.3%) were not. After the treatment, patients with TMJ pain (P<0.001) and muscle tenderness (P<0.001) showed significantly lower satisfaction than that of patients with no signs. No other significant differences were noted between patients satisfaction regarding the presence of TMD signs and symptoms (P>0.05). The results showed that the treatments presented for the TMD patients at Tehran University dental school were successful and most patients received satisfactory treatment.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition in which the median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel is compressed. Then، gradual paralysis occurs. This study aimed to compare patient outcomes after surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome in both groups with and without splint.. This study was conducted in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences، Iran، in Kashani hospital during 2011. 64 patients underwent surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 32. For the first group، splints were considered after the surgery and for the second group، as the control group، splint was not given. Patients within 3، 6 and 12 weeks after surgery were followed and healing in the sense of motion and pain based on the visual analogue scale (VAS) measures were examined. Sensory conflict scores at the 3rd and 6th weeks in the group with splint were higher than the group without it; but، 12 weeks after the treatment، the results were identical. In any cases، motor involvement was not seen. At the 3rd week after the treatment، the mean pain score in the group without splint was higher than with splint group. The results of the 6th week after the treatment in both groups were almost identical; but، at the 12th week after the treatment، changes in pain intensity was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0. 97). Splinting after the surgical release of the median nerve probably causes a delay in the recovery of sensory، motor and pain; but due to the effect of material of used splint، the result is still uncertain and further broader interventions needs to be done in this regard.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the entrapment of median nerve in carpal tunnel، resulting in pain and numbness in hand and fingers. It is the most common cause of nerve entrapment in the upper limb. There are two main treatment protocoles: medical and surgical.

In a cohort study، in 220 patients with carpal tunnel syndromes، splinting was compared with sugery. During a 12 months period، symptoms relief and function improvement were evaluated، using the Levine questionnaire.

There was no difference between the two groups at the beginning. In the first and third months of follow-up the symptoms severity was lower in splint group but in the six and twelve month evaluation، the surgical group had less symptoms. Regarding functional improvement، the same results occurred with better results in one and three months for splint group and in six and twelve months for surgical group.

Although splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome had superior results in first two months، the improvement with surgery is better maintained into 6-12 months.

The first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis reduced the ability of upper limb in elderly with subsequent disability in physical activities. This study was carried out to determine the effect of prefabricated and custom-made splints on quality of life in the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. This quasi-experimental study was done on 24 elderly (>60 years of age) patients with the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis and 12 matched healthy subjects in Tehran rehabilitation University during 2010-11. Patients assigned randomly in two groups with 8 weeks treatment period، prefabricated thumb and custom-made splints. Persian version of The Short Form 36 quastioner (SF36) was used to assess the quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and paired t-test. There were significant differences between osteoarthritis patients and healthy subjects in the quality of life according to SF36 score physical health problem (P<0. 05)، general health (P<0. 05)، limitations of activities (P<0. 05)، emotional health problem (P<0. 05)، social activities (P<0. 05)، pain (P<0. 05)، energy and emotions (P<0. 05). Using splints significantly improved the quality of life of patients، but there was no significant difference between two splints in improving the quality of life. Prefabricated and custom-made

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by non-progressive lesions in single or multiple locations in the immature brain. Lesions of motor cortex and pyramidal tracts can lead to spasticity. Inhibition of spasticity is necessary to increase extremity mobilization, prevent postural abnormalities and provide independence in daily living activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of volar static splint spasticity and range of motion of upper extremity in children with Cerebral palsy in threeperiods of time. The design of this study was experimental and repeated measurements. Ten children with Cerebral palsy aging 4-6 years old were non-randomly selected among children referred to occupational therapy Clinic of rehabilitation Faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Children used dorsal static splint for three months (2 hours at day and 4 hours at night). In this study, Modified Ashworth Scale was used to evaluate spasticity and a Goniometrewas used to measure passive range of motion. The results of this study showed significant reduction in the upper limb spasticity after 2 months (p≤0.0001) and significant increase in wrist passive range of motion after one, two and three months (p=0.007, p≤0.0001 and p≤0.0001, respectively) and significant increase in elbow passive range of motion after two (p=0.009) and three (p≤0.0001) months. This study shows that use of dorsal static splint in children with Cerebral palsy for 3 months has significant effects on reduction of upper limb spasticity and increasing passive range ofmotion of the wrist and elbow joints.

The most prominent problems that is produced after stroke are spasticity or increase in muscle tone, decrease in range of motion and function of upper extremity. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Volar-Dorsal Wrist/Hand Immobilization Splint on function of upper extremity, range of motion of the elbow, wrist and metacarpophalengeal joints and spasticity of the elbow and wrist joints. Fourteen patients were participated in these experiments. The patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and they had been given the splint after primary evaluation and were reevaluated after one month. Spasticity were evaluated with Modified Ashworth Scale.Range of motion were measured by goniometer. Fugl-meyer test were used to assess function of upper extremity. The splints were used 2 hours daily and whole night (6-8 hours) in one month. Comparison of data before and aft er the experiment showed significant mprovement in upper extremity function (P=0.04). Range of motion and spasticity were not significant (P>0.05). Volar-Dorsal Wrist/Hand Immobilization Splint can improve the function of upper extremity. Although spasticity and range of motion showed a little changes in short-term use (1month) but the differences were not significant that will need more studies.

The present research attempted to compare the effect of postoperative immobilization orthosis (POIO) and plaster support on Metatarsophalangeal joint alingment in Hallux valgus patients. In this quasi experimental and interventional study, 24 Hallux valgus patients were selected simply and conveniently based on inclusion criteria(age:19-50years, Hallux valgus angle<25˚, inter metatarsal angle=11˚-13˚, no degenerative change in first metatarsophalangeal joint and no general systemic disease) from orthopedic clinic of Milad hospital and were assigned by randomized permuted blocks into two equal groups. In splint group, a positive plaster model was constructed from their feet before surgery and immediately after surgery the orthoses were applied for six weeks. In plaster support group, all the forefoot plasters were applied at the end of operation. The Hallux valgus angle of patient's feet of two groups was measured by radiography immediately and six week after surgery. Chi-square, Independent T test, Pair T test, One way ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Means difference between Hallux valgus angle means of immediately after surgery and six weeks after surgery of two groups had no significant difference (P=1.00) and also there was no significant difference in Hallux valgus angle mean between immediately and six weeks after surgery in each group (P=1.00). The effect of plaster support doesn’t differ with splinting in the maintenance of Hallux valgus angle after surgery, so both methods can be used according to patients situation.