جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « امکانات بهداشتی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The organ transplant network is among the most complex and challenging systems in the healthcare sector. This study presents a three-objective hierarchical location model for kidney transplants, aiming to simultaneously minimize total time and costs while maximizing geographic equity in the supply and demand network for donated kidneys. Various transportation modes within the network are also analyzed.

This applied research was conducted over a one-year period in 2022 (1401 in the Iranian calendar) in the province of Sistan and Baluchistan. The proposed mathematical model was implemented in GAMS software and solved using the Torabi-Hosseini method and epsilon constraint technique.

The model recommended establishing candidate locations for organ collection units and transplant centers without the need for air transport equipment. It suggested that only the candidate location number 2 at Zabol Hospital Transplant Center should be equipped with air transport facilities, while the other proposed locations do not require the establishment or use of air emergency services.

The results indicate that the designed kidney transplant network is practical and feasible. Efficient network management ensures that all organ recipients, even those far from the provincial center and in remote areas, have timely access to the necessary facilities and equipment for transplant operations.

Health promotion in schools remains a priority for the health system; in this regard, paying attention to the sanitary facilities and observing the standards is a determining requirement. The objective of this study was to investigate the status of the sanitary facilities of primary schools in Tabriz, educational districts 2 and 5.

The present study was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional one conducted in 2017 in the primary schools of two educational districts in Tabriz, which were selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. The data were collected using a researcher-made checklist based on school health regulations. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis via SPSS software version 22.

Data analysis categorized school health problems into eight main factors including lack of toilet siphons, lack of room and basic sanitary facilities, poor sanitary condition of the toilet, lack of secondary sanitary facilities, poor condition of drinking fountains, inappropriate sanitary condition of the toilets, lack of facilities for inspection and cleaning, and the unsuitability of the drinking fountains with an eigenvalue higher than 1. In total, 67% variance explained the problems related to the sanitary facilities.

It is necessary to pay attention to promoting environmental health in sanitary facilities and provide the necessary facilities in accordance with the standards, as well as the necessary equipment and space to provide health services in schools.

The Iranian Health House is a peripheral unit of the Iranian Primary Health care (PHC); it is the most comprehensive health service unit in rural areas of the country. These Healthcare units, were formed with the intention of increasing of social and health equity in health to benefit those in need of healthcare services. In this study, the cost of health services delivered in 1995 to prevent child mortality and disability in children under 5 years of age were assessed.

Data were obtained by literature review of studies conducted on the costs of Healthcare clinics as well as information from websites of the Statistics Center of Iran, National Organization for Civil Registration, Central Bank, Ministry of Health and Medical Education and interviews with key informant involved in the development of healthcare centers and then the cost of preventing death and disability of children under 5 years of age were estimated.

The healthcare cost of a villager was US$ 10 per year in 1995. Health expenditure of a child was US$ 3 per year. The number of deaths and disabilities of children prevented were reduced was 2400 in 1995. Taking into account the population under 5 years, primary health care costed about US$ 3,000 a year for each child under 5 saved from death or disability. The cost of treatment such as open heart surgery or a kidney or liver transplant that year costed at least $ 10,000.

Based on the results of this study and review of the available literature, it was shown that in 1995 the cost effectiveness of primary health care compared to major operations such as open heart surgery or kidney transplantation was 18 times more than the cost of prevention in children under 5 years of age.