جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بی اختیاری مدفوع » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Elimination disorders such as nocturnal enuresis, urinary incontinence during the day, and fecal incontinence are common problems in childhood. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of training mothers with the Adler-Dreikurs approach for reducing anxiety in children with elimination disorders.

This field trial was done in 2021 on the mothers of 20 children with elimination disorders who had been referred to the Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic in Gorgan with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up approach. At the physician's discretion, the children's problem had no anatomical origin. Urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence in children were identified only by psychological symptoms and functional elimination disorders. The mothers were divided into an experimental group (n=10) and a control group (n=10). The experimental group received the Adler-Dreikurs training program in 12 sessions of 90 minutes. The research instrument was the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale – Parent (SCAS-P) (2001), which was completed by the mothers in three stages: pretest, posttest, and 2-month follow-up. Sub-components of anxiety including generalized anxiety, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive, specific phobia, and separation anxiety were also measured.

Mean general anxiety scores in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages were 69.1±4.04, 45.8±6.1, and 47.8±5.94 in the experimental group and 69±6.58, 67.8±4.89, and 67.6±5.59 in the control group, respectively. There was a significant difference in all subcomponents of child anxiety in the posttest and follow-up stages between the experimental group and the control group (P<0.05). This difference was also present during the follow-up period except for the obsessive-compulsive subcomponent.

Training mothers through the Adler-Dreikurs approach can reduce anxiety in children with elimination disorders.

Normal vaginal delivery causes sexual dysfunction as well as urinary and fecal incontinence, which can threaten a personchr('39')s quality of life. It is believed that pelvic floor muscle strength is the most important factor in improving sexual satisfaction and function and urinary control. Therefore, This study aimed to investigate the role of physiotherapy and pelvic floor exercises in reducing sexual dysfunction and incontinence in primiparous women.

This study was performed as a prospective randomized clinical trial on primiparous women who were referred to Al-Zahra and Shahid Beheshti educational hospitals in Isfahan between march 2019-Mars 2020. In this study, after obtaining ethics approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, patients were divided into control (n=57) and intervention (n=57) groups. In the control group, no intervention was performed and only routine postpartum recommendations (multivitamin tablets and 500 mg calcium tablets once daily for two months) were prescribed. For the intervention group the pelvic floor physiotherapy was performed Sexual function and urinary and fecal incontinence were assessed in both groups at 8 and 16 weeks postpartum by completing two questionnaires.

In two groups of intervention and control; Mean maternal age, body mass index, and birth weight were not significant (P>0.05) In the intervention group, at the 8th and 16th weeks after delivery, the mean score of total sexual function, and the total score of female urinary and fecal incontinence was a significant difference. (P<0.05). Compared between the groups, the mean sexual function and pelvic floor irritation at 16 weeks postpartum were significantly different between the two groups. Physiotherapy and pelvic floor exercise intervention reduce pelvic floor irritation and improve sexual function.

it seems that simultaneous performance of physiotherapy (biofeedback) and pelvic floor exercises by strengthening the strength of the pelvic floor muscles increases sexual function as well as a relative improvement of pelvic floor irritation in the postpartum period.

Pelvic floor disorder (PFD), which reduces quality of life, is a major health concern for women. The purpose of this review study is to assess the effect of childbirth on the pelvic floor muscles and its prevention strategies.

In this narrative review, the articles indexed in the databases of PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Springer, Google Scholar were searched. Keywords including Pelvic floor disorder, Pelvic floor dysfunction, Pelvic floor muscles, urinary & faecal incontinence, Pelvic Organ Prolapse, vaginal birth, Cesarean, and prevention were used.

Among the articles published in Persian and English language between 2000 and 2020, 32 articles were extracted, and among the available articles, 21 articles were reviewed and reported. Finally, the findings of this study showed that several factors are involved in the occurrence of pelvic floor disorders, but the use of prevention methods can help prevent the occurrence of these disorders.

Pregnancy and childbirth are risk factors for the development of PFD. Instrumental delivery and the prolonged two stages of labor are the key risk factors. Women at high risk for PFD should be identified and given prevention strategies. Primary and secondary prevention strategies include Proper spacing between pregnancies through the use of contraceptive methods, proper management of the labor process, and recommending pelvic floor exercises during pregnancy and after childbirth. These measures play an important role in reducing the incidence of PFD associated with vaginal delivery.

In Islamic law if urinary and fecal incontinence were the results of two felonies, the compensation would be two. But in one single felony, most of scholars believe one compensation is enough not two, and this is just due to one hadith about it. Since it is not supported by medical studies, alterations or heresy and..., it cannot stand against the rule of non-combination of the causes and so the two-compensation idea in one felony seem validated and stable. In this article we will discuss different opinions to prove what the exact and valid idea of Islam is.

Fecal incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of fecal material. Fecal incontinence is a particularly embarrassing and distressing condition with significant medical، social and economic implications. The purpose of this article is to review the relevant the role of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in fecal incontinence. Materials and Mthods: We performed a literature search in PubMed، Scopus، Elsevier، Ovid، CINAHL، Science Direct، ProQuest، Google Scholar، Thompson، EMBASE and Medline databases for the period of 1985-2013. The following keywords were used: puborectalis muscle، anal incontinence، fecal incontinence، pelvic floor muscles، biofeedback، pelvic floor exercise، electrical stimulation. Out of 56 papers، 23 met the criteria for this study. We divided these studies into three categories: 1) the role of pelvic floor muscles in the maintenance of anal continence; 2) the role of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in fecal incontinence; and 3) the role of pelvic floor muscle retraining in management of fecal incontinence. The results indicate there is adequate evidence to support the role of the pelvic floor muscles in the maintenance of anal continence and any damage or dysfunction to these muscles can affect proper disposal and may lead to incontinence. Prevention of incontinence should attempt at preserving the pelvic floor musculature، particularly in patients with impaired defecatory maneuver، which may play a pathophysiological role in the process. The pelvic floor muscles should be considered a goal of treatment in incontinence and improvement in their function should be included as a key outcome in the evaluation of treatment.

Trauma during delivery is including fecal and urinary incontinence، painful intercourse and Perineum pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of perineal massage on the pelvic floor disorders. This quasi-experimental study was conducted among 125 primiparous singletons in active phase of labor at Shahid Akbar-Abadi Medical Center. Samples divided into two groups with random sampling including: intervention group (n=62) and control group (n=63). Intervention group in addition to receiving care in active phase، received perineal massage with two fingers between abdominal contractions using lubricant، and control group received routine care. Data collection tool was a questionnaire، consisted of three parts: demographic information، first phase cares and obstetric complications. Mothers were visited at 10th day of labor and were followed three months later by telephone. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with spss، v. 15. Before intervention، groups were similar in average age، gestational age، and estimated fetal weight. After intervention there were significant difference between groups in perineum health (p=0/0001) and perineal pain 3th (P = 0/041) and 10th days after delivery (P = 0/0001). Perineum massage reduces postpartum perineal pain and injury of vagina، and using massage in active phase of delivery is advised for prevention of delivery traumas.

Fecal incontinence after repair of imperfoate anus is one of the major complications of the anorectoplasty surgery in children. Mental and emotinal distress of fecal incontinence can be problematic and therefore appropriate surgical management is essential. Rectal mislocation is a common cause of fecal incotinence after anorctoplasty in patients with imperfoate anus. Complete mislocation of the rectum is a term used when the rectum is totally displaced from the anal sphincter and partial mislocation is refered mostly to the partial defect of the anal sphincter. Surgical treatment of complete and partial mislocation of the anorectum may lead to fecal continence. The aim of this research was to evaluate the cause of the fecal incontinency and the therapeutic outcome of it in patients operated for imperforate anus and mislocation of the anorectum after anorectoplasey. The study was of descriptive and retrospective type. Eleven patients(7 boys, 4 girls) with mean age of 4.5 years who had fecal incontinence after anorectoplasty were evaluated. The diagnosis of fecal incontinence was based on EMG, MRI, and endoanal sonograply. The author used muscle stimulator under general anesthesia as a final assessment for drawing sphincter mapping to identify the location ofthe defect of anal sphincter. Two patients had complete mislocotion and 9 had partial mislocation of the sphincter muscle. Four patients had surgical repair without colostomy and 7 underwent repair together with colostomy. In 2 patients with complete mislocation, fecal incontinence was treated with anorectum relocation. Nine patients who had sphincter muscle defect (partial mislocation) underwent sphincter repair. Out of 11 patients, nine had adequate control of their bowel movenment (were continent). Meanwhile two patients (6 and 11 years old) had occasional(2 to 3 times/week)involuntary gas passing (for 8 and 48 months after operation, respectively) which was treated medically with Dimethicone. Biofeedback therapy was also taught to enhance anal-sphincter muscle function. All patients had goodsocial inteaction and and their behavior showed a high level of self confidence. Most of sphincter defects occur at 6 and 12 oclock in lithotomy position. So pediatric surgeons have to operate carefully an anal sphincter repair during anorectoplasty procedure.

Isolated deep burn of perineal area is rare and usually occurs in cases with extensive burn. The etiology of this kind of burn may be of thermal, chemical or electrical origin. Treatment in most cases is conservative and surgical intervention rarely required. Isolated deep burn of perineal area has been reported in some special circumstances such as falling into furnace or pots containing hot fluids and sitting on exhaust pipe of vehicles; but no dysfunction of anal sphincter after formation of perineal annular scar had been detected. Our objective is to focus on particular cases of perineal burn and its complications.Case Report: A 12 years old Afghan boy with history of previous burn of perineal area at the age of 6 months, due to falling into boiled water, referred to Tohid Hospital with chief complaint of fecal incontinence. At that time the patient had been managed conservatively for his burn. As far as the patient`s parents remember, he had been suffering from fecal incontinence since his childhood. In physical exam an annular scar around anus together with lack of sphincter tone were detected. By releasing the scar and use of skin graft, sphincter tone improved gradually. In special cases of isolated perineal deep burn, conservative management may lead to scarring and dysfunction of anal sphincter with fecal incontinence, imposing physical, social and psychological impacts specially on children. Proper and timely treatment is recommended to prevent this complication.