جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تحلیل عامل » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Parenting styles predict early maladaptive schemas. The aim of this study was Persian adaptation and standardization of the Young Parenting Inventory-Revised (YPI-R2) among students in Tarbiat Modares University, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, and Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Tehran.

The statistical population in this psychometric study included all university students studying in Tehran, 2020-2021 academic year. The samples were 240 people selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Young Parenting Inventory- Revised (YPI-R2), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWBS). Data analysis was performed in SPSS V24 and Liserl-8 applying descriptive and inferential statistics.

Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the six-factor structure of this scale, including competitiveness and status seeking, degradation and rejection, emotional inhibition and deprivation, overprotection, punitiveness, and controlling. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest reliability coefficient based on mothers' scores for the whole scale were 0.93 and 0.90, respectively, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest reliability coefficient based on fathers' scores for the whole scale were 0.93 and 0.91, respectively. The YPI-R2 was found to have a positive and significant correlation with the components of the DASS-21(P<0.05) and a negative correlation with the components of the RPWBS (P<0.05), which indicated the convergent and divergent validity of the scale.

The Persian version of Young Parenting Inventory-Revised (YPI-R2) showed good validity and can be used as a short and valid diagnostic tool in clinical work and research.

One of the fundamental concepts in psychotherapy is dysfunctional spiritual schemas. These schemas confuse and obscure people's relationship with God and destroy transparency. They create problems for the individual in order to adapt to the laws of God, society, and the environment and reduce the individual's adaptation. Dysfunctional spiritual schemas result in failure in doing jobs. Despite extensive search on popular Iranian and foreign websites, no standardized Persian or foreign scale was found to measure dysfunctional spiritual schemas. Considering the importance of a suitable tool for measuring dysfunctional spiritual schemas, we aimed to design a spiritual dysfunctional schema questionnaire and validate its psychometric properties.

The present research aims to design and validate a study instrument for measuring dysfunctional spiritual schemas. The study population comprised all staff working for Offshore Oil Company in 2019. A total of 200 individuals were selected by the purposive sampling method. The inclusion criteria included lacking a history of psychiatric disorder, not using specific drugs, giving informed consent to participate in the study, having avoidant and anxious attachment styles to God, and lacking physical limitations disrupting personal care. The exclusion criterion was lack of study cooperation. To design the questionnaire items, we reviewed the relevant texts and interviewed the experts and the target population. To check the content validity (content validity index and content validity ratio) and the face validity, 10 final users were used. Then, to evaluate the construct validity of the questionnaire, the exploratory factor analysis method was used. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach alpha coefficient and test–retest method were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24 at a significance level of 0.05.

The results of the qualitative content validity of the instrument led to the removal of 19 items and revision of 6 items, and finally, a questionnaire with 51 items was prepared. The mean ± SD age of the participants was 45.71±9.45 years. Factor analysis identified ten factors with a specific value of more than one, which together explain 56.75% of the variance. In other words, the dysfunctional spiritual schema questionnaire consisted of ten factors. The results of data analysis showed that the first factor has the highest eigenvalue and the observation of factor loads and factor structure also confirmed this finding. The Cronbach alpha subscales of this questionnaire were as follows: emotional deprivation of God, 0.91; spiritual abandonment, 0.79; spiritual defectiveness and shame, 0.81; spiritual vulnerability, 0.79; spiritual self–immaturity, 0.89; spiritual obedience, 0.76; stubborn spiritual criteria, 0.83; entitlement/spiritual magnanimity, 0.78; negativity/pessimism, 0.85; infidelity and polytheism, 0.82; and total questionnaire, 0.86. To evaluate the instrument's reliability, a correlation coefficient of 0.78 was obtained between two tests with one week interval, indicating the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire. The correlation coefficient subscales of this questionnaire were as follows: emotional deprivation of God, 0.76; spiritual abandonment, 0.7; spiritual defectiveness and shame, 0.71; spiritual vulnerability, 0.71; spiritual self–immaturity, 0.75; spiritual obedience, 0.69; stubborn spiritual criteria, 0.74; entitlement/spiritual magnanimity, 0.68; negativity/pessimism, 0.74; infidelity and polytheism, 0.73; and total questionnaire, 0.78.

According to the study findings, the dysfunctional spiritual schemas questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool, and the components of this questionnaire accurately measure the various dimensions and aspects of dysfunctional spiritual schemas. So, it can be used in research and consulting departments.

The present study aimed to construct and validate the perception of individualized faith inventory. A sample of 848 students was selected through multistage random sampling method from Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical science, Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University, and Seminary. First, the perception of individualized faith inventory including 132 items was administered to selected students. Each scale was rated on a 5-point Likert scale from fully applicable to fully inapplicable item. Then, after data collection, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the 132 inventory was 0.86. After eliminating the questions with factor loads less than 0.4, the reliability of the inventory was recalculated for the second time.  In the other word, the re-reliability coefficient of the inventory including 111 items was calculated rtt=0.87. Moreover, factor analysis was used to examine construct validity of the inventory; sampling efficiency of (KMO) was .904; and the significance of Bartlett test indicated the appropriateness of conditions for performing factor analysis.  After eliminating the inappropriate questions that had a factor less than 0.4, based on the method of analyzing the main components and rotating in the Varimax method, according to the factor matrix, slope diagram and the percentage of variance explained from 111 items, 4 factors Extracted; 51.697% explain the total variance between variables.

Increasing understanding of death anxiety among different cultures and patient populations is critical to provide quality patient care. Researchers who investigate death anxiety, are looking for a reliable and valid instrument compatible with culture in order to achieve this goal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale-Extended (TDAS-E) among a sample of chemical veterans of Iran–Iraq warfare.
Methods & Materials: In this methodological study, 300 veterans completed the Persian version of the 51-item TDAS-E in 2015. The face, content and construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity) of the TDAS-E were assessed. Also, its reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, construct reliability and intra correlation coefficient.
Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses extracted four stable distinct factors including fear of the hereafter, fear of facing death, fear of the shortness of life, fear of dying following an incident and mishap. The fitness of the four-factor model of the Templer’s death anxiety construct was approved based on standard indices (c2/df=2.832, GFI=.915, AGFI=.873, PCFI=.657, PNFI=.612, RMSEA=.078). Discriminant and convergent validity of all factors were acceptable. Also, scale reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.88), construct reliability (higher than 0.70) and intra correlation coefficient (0.87).
The results of the current study revealed that the four-factor construct of TDAS-E had suitable validity and reliability among Iranian chemical warfare veterans. Given the proper psychometric properties, this scale can be used in future research to evaluate death anxiety in this population.

Thought fusion is an important psychological construct of metacognitive model related to obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the present study the psychometric characteristics of “Thought Fusion Instrument” (TFI) was assessed in Students of Isfahan University.

After translating the original version, the final form of TFI was administered to 130 undergraduate students of Isfahan University. To examine the reliability of the TFI, methods of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha and split-half coefficient) were used, and validity was assessed using convergent validity, discrimination validity and factor analysis.

Internal consistency indicated the alpha coefficients to be 0.87, 0.77, 0.82, 0.80, and 0.73 for the total, first, second, and third factors and split-half coefficient respectively. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for assessing diagnostic validity between the patient and the normal group indicated that the two groups have significant difference (p<0.001) regarding the total factor and its subsets. The correlation coefficient of TFI with Thought-Action Fusion was 0.65. The results of factor analysis using varimax rotation showed three factors: 1. Thought action fusion, 2. Thought object fusion, 3. Thought event fusion.

TFI has satisfactory reliability and validity in Iranian sample and can be used for diagnosis and treatment.