جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "جمع آوری" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Despite plenty of chemical drugs present in the markets, application of medicinal herbs is going to increase. Whiles long or in some cases sectional usage of these chemical drugs may lead to side effects that sometimes they are more dangerous than its disease. This is a good reason to increase the universal attitude application of medicinal herbs and their productions.Today, traditional medicine and ethnobotany are two attractive topics in many countries. Traditional medicine is referred to ancient studies and experiments; and ethnobotany is referred to cognition of native herbal science in a region. The aim of ethnopharmacology is to improve the preparation methods of some products that are used by people; however to achieve this goal, some information about active compounds of these plants, the role of these compounds in development of biological effects, and the toxic effects of the plants should be available.Methods & Materials: In this research, we have collected and identified the plants in some parts of Jam&Riz town. the plants of this region were collected and systematically identified during 2012 and 2013. Furthermore, traditional applications of the collected plants were recorded through interviewing native people of the region.

A total of 74 medical plants belonging to 33 families were identified. Zataria multiflora, Rumex vesicarius, Otostegia persica and Astragalus fasciculifolius had the highest cultural importance index.Zataria multiflora, Otostegia persica, Calatropis procera and Ephedra pachyclada had the highest FRC index, respectively. The highest application was for gasterointestinal disease, epiderm disorders, respiratory disorders, infection diseases, mouth and tooth disease, kidney disorders, respectively. Concolusion: The results indicated that most plants of the region were valuable medicinal plants.

The applications of traditional medicine and medicinal plants have attracted many professionals and scientists around the world. Employment of drugs of plant origin in primary health care not only in the developing countries، but also in the developed countries، where application of chemical drugs is common، has increased. Today، traditional medicine and ethnobotany are two attractive topics in many countries. Ethnobotanical studies document a number of useful plants، and also some medicinal plants، toxic plants، and plants that are used in food. The aim of ethnopharmacology is to improve the preparation method of some products that are used by people. However، to achieve this goal، some information about active compounds of these plants، the role of these compounds in development of biological effects of the plant (e. g.، antagonistic or synergistic effects)، and the toxic effects of the plants should be available. Since there are various geographic conditions in Iran، there are different ecosystems and vegetation in the country. Considering the growing need of modern world to novel drugs of plant origin and industrialization of this field، it is necessary to identify and develop appropriate plans for optimized employment of plant resources of our country. In this study، we have collected and identified the plants in some parts of Jandagh town. To this end، during 2010 and 2011، the plants of this region were collected and systematically identified. Furthermore، traditional applications of the collected plants were recorded through interviewing the native people of the region. The results indicated that most plants of the region are valuable medicinal plants. Therefore، it seems that plants ofthe region deserves further studies.

Nowadays, traditional medicine and ethnobotany are the two important issues that have attracted interest in many countries. Traditional medicine deals with past studies and experience and ethnobotany relates to the native botany of a region. In recent years, these topics have received particular importance in many countries, including European countries. Considering the scarcity of information on effects of medicinal plants, traditional medicine and ethnobotany can play an important role in discovering the unknowns. Considering the various geographical conditions in our country, different ecosystems and flora exist in Iran. As there is growing need in today's world for new herbal drugs and considering the industrialization of this sector, we should pay more attention to the herbal sources of the country from this viewpoint. In the current study, the plants of some parts of Kashan were collected, systematically identified, and studied in two consecutive years. Furthermore, the traditional uses of these plants were recorded through interviewing local people. These plants were mostly used in the treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases by local people. It was shown that most plants grow in the area were medicinal. Therefore, further evaluation of the plants is recommended.

Background and Hospital waste contains pathogenic agents and is a suitable environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Poor management in collection and disposal of hospital waste can lead to environmental crises. This study was in tended to determine per capita wase, collection manner, transportation and transferring the waste in hospitals and clinics. Methods and Materials: This descriptive study involved 3 hospital and 8 clinics in Sabzevar, Iran and their waste disposal activities were observed in all week days and for two months for hazardous and pseudo-domestic waste. A questionnaire and an observation checklist were used for data collection. Their corresponding percentages were calculated using SPSS and information on the active beds, number of clients and the whole mass of waste produced in each treatment center. Mean produced waste in 3 hospitals were 1137.275 kg/day including 51.3% hazardous waste. Also, mean per capita waste for each active bed was 2.38 kg/day in 3 hospitals. Mean waste amount in 8 clinics was 3.2779 kg/day including 64.9% hazardous waste. Also, mean per capita was for each client in 8 clinics was 0.092 kg/day (92gr). It was found that all hospitals and clinics followed the ministry guidelines by using waste bags of appropriate quality, color and type. Despite using appropriate and distinct bags and washable containers, inter departmental and intradepartmental cooperations-including adequate training and necessary standards-are required to optimize health hassles.

Due to threatening of public health, Collection, separation and sanitary disposal of hospital solid waste are important. This research was performed to evaluate the management of hospitals’ solid waste affiliated with Shaheed Beheshti Medical University during 1384. In this descriptive study the status of solid waste management of 13 hospital affiliated with Shaheed Beheshti Medical University was evaluated using a questionnaire in association with technical observation and interview. During the summer and winter, weighting the solid waste were performed in “Ayatollah Taleghani” and “Massih Daneshvari” Hospitals for three continual days and data were analyzed using SPSS program. 64.2% of hospitals were using bucket and plastic bags for keeping their solid waste. 30.8% of hospitals were collecting their solid waste manually. In 46.2% of hospitals, utilities using for collecting the solid waste were not being disinfected. 15.4% of hospital did not have any temporary place for keeping solid waste. 27.3% of temporary places had only water tab and sewer pipe without having refrigerating room. 7.7% of hospital had just an open temporary-solid waste storage. In 25% of hospital which were producing radioactive solid wastes, collect their radioactive solid waste with normal solid ones. Radioactive solid waste containers in 50% of hospitals were not made form lead. None of hospitals had necessary and safety facilities. In 38.5% of hospital, loading of solid wastes were performed manually. In 15.4% of hospitals solid wastes were recycled. 42.3% of them were not separating their infected solid wastes from ordinary ones. 15.4% of hospitals did not have any special bags for separating infected solid wastes. In 92.3% of hospitals both infected and ordinary solid waste were carried out together. None of the hospital had hazardous less process for solid wastes. 79.6% of hospitals had workers without special education. Daily average of production volume of solid waste in these hospitals was measured 6426.9 liters. In “Ayatollah Taleghani” and “Massih Daneshvari” Hospitals 407.41 Kg of solid wastes were produced, whilst 49.7% of these solid wastes were infected. Results show that the management condition of solid waste in the studied hospitals is not satisfactory. Methods for disinfecting hospital waste should be studied. Separation of hazardous solid waste from ordinary solid waste should be performed, precisely. Education of hospital workers should be seriously followed.