جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « دریافت غذا » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays an important role on food intake regulation in the central nervous system. The CRH receptors are distributed within the hypothalamus. According to some studies, acute administration of CRH into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) reduces appetite and food intake. Therefore, according to the importance of the PVN on food intake regulation and existence of CRH receptors in PVN, this study was designed to find the effect of consecutive administration of CRH into the PVN on food intake in food-deprived rats.
Eighteen male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were selected in three experimental groups including control, sham and intraparaventricular-CRH-treated groups. The CRH (2 µg/kg) was administrated intraparaventricular for 7 days. At the end, food intake was measured for three continuous hours after 16-18 hour of food deprivation period.
Findings: Repeated administration of CRH at the first, second, and third hours increased food intake in the CRH-treated group compared to the control group. However, at the second hour, this enhancement was significant (P It seems that in contrast to acute injection of CRH, repeated administration of CRH acts like stressful condition resulting in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation and subsequently in increased food intake.

Several factors such as dopamine affect food intake and appetite. Release of dopamine from dopaminergic neurons is associated with ascorbic acid (AA). The nucleus accumbens via direct and indirect anatomical connections with the lateral hypothalamus is effective in control of feeding behavior. Based on these observations, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of central injection of ascorbic acid into the nucleus accumbens shell on the food intake and body weight of adult male rats. Thirty five adult male rats were divided into five groups as follows (n=7 each): Control, sham (injected vehicle of AA), and Ascorbic Acid (AA) groups (10, 50, and 250 µg/rat). Rats were anaesthetized and cannulas were implanted bilaterally in the nucleus accumbens shell (AP= 1.7 mm, LA= ±0.8 mm from bregma, DV=5.6 mm from skull surface). After one week recovery period, three different doses of ascorbic acid (1 μl/day) were injected into the three separate groups for 4 days. Food intakes were measured every 24 hours and weight changes were determined after 4 days. Doses of ascorbic acid (10, 50, and 250 µg/rat) decreased food intake significantly (p<0.01). Although the partial decrease was observed in the body weight, but the decrease was not significant in any of the different doses groups. Based on our results, it seems that ascorbic acid in the nucleus accumbens shell, probably via hunger and the satiety control centers in the hypothalamus, regulates body weight and food intake.

There is no comprehensive study on the effect of Folate on food intake; therefore the present study was carried out to determine the effect of Folate supplementation on serum concentrations of Leptin and Grehlin and food intake in male Wistar rats. The study was carried out for 42 days during which the animals were weighed weekly; their food and water intakes were measured every 48 hours. Serum leptin, ghrelin and insulin were measured using ELISA. Repeated Measures and t-test were done to analyze the data. The amount of water intake in the case group was significantly (p<0.05) higher that the control group, food intake was also higher in the group receiving folate as compared to the control although it did not reach the significance level. The Body weight of the rats receiving the supplement were significantly (p<0.001) higher than the control group. The experimental group had higher serum leptin and lower serum ghrelin levels although not significantly. Serum insulin level was significantly higher in the experimental group (p<0.001). A significant correlation was found between Water and food intake (r=0.9, p<0.001), and between body weight and the food intake (r=0.6, p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between serum insulin level with food intake (r=0.6, p< 0.001) and body weight (r=0.36, p=0.05). Daily folate supplementation for a long period increased body growth and food intake in weaning rats. Since serum ghrelin level was also higher, it is possible that increased weight was related to the other body tissues, rather than adipose tissue.

Background and

Food ingestion during hemodialysis may aggravate early side effects of hemodialysis due to hemodynamic changes. Therefore this study was carried out to investigate the effect of food and non-food ingestion during hemodialysis on its early symptoms. Methods and materials: This clinical trial was conducted on the research population of ESRD Patients; 31 cases were selected through convenient and purposeful sampling. They were NPO during hemodialysis first and received one meal (containing 325 Kcal) one hour after the second hemodialysis started. Their blood pressure intensity of nausea and vomiting immediately before and after hemodialysis and every 30 minutes during hemodialysis were measured and recorded. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using paired and independent t-test Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients Wilcoxon and McNemar tests.

Blood pressure reduced 6.1±4.1 mmHg 60 minutes after hemodialysis started but in non-food hemodialysis the reduction was 1067± 2.57 mmHg and the difference was significant. Also nausea intensity after food ingestion increase in 11 patients (35.5%) but it increased in 5 cases (16.1%) after non- food hemodialysis and the difference was significant. Vomiting intensity after food ingestion increased in 8 cases (25.8%) and in 1 patient (302%) upon non-food hemodialysis the difference of which was significant.

Food ingestion during hemodialysis causes a decline in blood pressure and increases the intensity of nausea and vomiting. Therefore food ingestion during hemodialysis should be avoided.