جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « روش های آماری » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Accidents have been recognized as one of leading social issues in recent times. The objective of this study was to survey the detailed data on accidents and injuries in the City of Saqez for categorizing the accidents and providing necessary information for policymakers.
This crosssectional study in which health Information was received from the Iranian Accident Network in the 2014 for the city of Saqes. All information was used anonymously for ethical purposes. Data were analyzed by R software for statistical analysis of the non-parametric regression of local LOESS, polynomial regression and multi-sample test.
The male population, had the highest incident rate 73%, the highest rate 33% of incidents rural area and 45% of the varieties of the accident were observed according to the chi-square test at all options in terms of the levels were significantly different (P 0.05).
According to the results of this study, prevention programs for a defined target group of men with the focus on the accident prevention through training were recommended.

Groundwater resources are as one of the most important water resource in arid and semi- arid areas, thenprotection of their qualityis very important. On the other hand, monitoring andevaluating the groundwaterqualityarecomplex andexpensive, so usinginterpolation methodslooknecessary. Inthisresearch, thespatial and temporalvariationsofwaterqualityparametersinKoohpaye– Segzi Plainof EsfahanincludingEc, TDSandNain theperiods of 1374-1389 werestudied andthe rateand direction ofchanges inwater qualityparametersare specified. First, four the geostatisticalanddeterministic methodsexecutableinArcGIS 9.3, including the Kriging, CoKriging, RBF and IDW, were studied.Then the best of function and equationwere selected for each of the mentionedmethodsand the best method for each parameter in each year of data period based on the lowest value of RMSE. FinallyzoningmapparametersinArcGIS 9.3,was plotted The result obtained are showed that for each year and parameter specific method with function or power have best result and regular trend are not exist in there. But, in years after 1383, Kriging and CoKriging method have best results than other mothods. The resultsshow thatwaterquality inKoohpaye– SegziPlainhavedramaticallyreduced in 1389than in1374.Most ofthechangeshave been occurrednearzayanderood river, as critical points have been appeared in Southern area of this plain. This show the effective role of zayanderood river in groundwater aquifer.

Menopause, cessation of menstruation, is a public event for all women that occur between the ages of 45-55 (or even sooner). A variety of researches done in Iran and the rest of the world show age at menopause can depend on numerous factors such as race and genetics, socio-economics, history of fertility, physical activity, nutrition, sexual behaviors, diseases and etc. However, there are inconsistencies between results from different researches which can be related to methodology and methods of analysis. Present research has been done to analyze methodologies which estimate age at natural menopause and its associated factors by considering their power and weakness points. The cohort and cross-sectional methodologies to estimate age at natural menopause are introduced as well as appropriate statistical techniques to determine effective factors. Iranian and the some foreign papers, which their main object or one of the principle objects was estimating age at menopause, are introduced and analyzed. The results show that prediction and estimation of age at menopause are more complicated than it seems. Nearly all Iranian and some foreign surveys are poor in methodology and methods of analysis which decreases the efficacy and correctness of their findings.

A meta-analysis is a systematic quantitative review of original research studies about some phenomenon, such as the effect of a specific treatment on some aspect of health or behavior. The meta-analyst expresses the magnitudes of effects from all relevant studies in the same units, then uses an appropriate weighting factor (the inverse of each effect's error variance) to combine the magnitudes into a mean value and its uncertainty (confidence limits). In a traditional meta-analysis, the true effects are assumed to be homogeneous (have the same value) in the analyzed studies, and some "outlier" studies may be eliminated to satisfy this assumption. In the more recent and realistic random-effect or mixed-model meta-analysis, true values of all effects are assumed to be heterogeneous (different), and the analysis provides an estimate of the heterogeneity as a standard deviation representing unexplained typical true variation in the effect between studies. Inclusion of study and mean subject characteristics in the analysis as covariates may reduce heterogeneity and provide further useful information about the magnitude of the effect in different locationsand with different subjects. Published effects are usually larger than their true values, owing to the misuse of statistical significance as a criterion for publication. A funnel plot can detect such publication bias, but there is currently no satisfactory way to adjust for it in the meta-analysis, and the only long-term solution is to ban statistical significance.