جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "رژیم" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

For accurate dietary intake assessments, the need for accurate and valid tools is urgent. These tools, in addition to easy use, immediately show a complete analysis of food intake in the form of macronutrients and micronutrients. The aim of this study was to design and validate the web-based Persian Food Composition to determine the calories and nutrients consumed.

The present basic applied study was conducted using PHP 7.1 programming language for the systematic implementation of the system and also Laravel 8 framework in order to use the features of an integrated and comprehensive coding framework for designing a web-based food recall and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After designing the present system, we entered the dietary intake information of 40 participants into the Persian Food Composition.  Then we compared Persian Food Composition with the Nutritionist IV (N4) software.

A significant positive correlation was observed between calorie intake, macronutrients and major micronutrients of the Persian Food Composition with those of N4. This system has the potential of instant output in the form of Excel files in both Persian and English languages. It also can store large amounts of information and is suitable for epidemiological studies. Meanwhile, this system provides a user-friendly output in a printable version for the user, which can be used in nutrition clinics.

The present study led to the design of the Persian Food Composition that can be a suitable alternative to N4 software for dietary intake assessment in research and clinical practice. It has the capability to add food items for each city and can be used in all cities of Iran.

Gallstone disease is one of the most common digestive diseases in developed and developing countries. Recent studies have expressed evidence in the context of the role of nutrition in the gallstone disease etiology. Thus, the main objective of present study was to investigate dietary patterns in patients with gallstone among those admitted to Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad (Northeastern Iran).

In this case-control study conducted in 2016 in Mashhad, demographic data from of 94 patients with gallstones and 151 healthy controls matched for age, gender and socioeconomic variables was gathered via interviews and questionnaires. To determine the dietary patterns a valid and reliable 160-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used. Nutritional software Nut 4 was used to analysis FFQ. Statistical tests and questionnaire analysis were performed by Nut 4 software (α = 0.05).

Two major dietary patterns were identified: unhealthy (red meat, high-fat dairy, desserts, sugar, sweets, fast food, soft drink, snacks, sweet coffee, chowder, tea, fried potatoes, refined grains, egg, legume and potato), healthy (fish, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, poultry, nuts, dried fruits, dark coffee and low-fat dairy). Weight, waist circumference, and BMI had a direct relationship with gallstone.

This study showed that unhealthy dietary pattern, the consumption of TFA, SFA, legume and coffee, smoking and high body mass index increase the risk of gallstone. Moreover, healthy dietary pattern, rich sources of vitamin C, fruits and vegetables do not contribute to gallstone.

 Different nutrients affect brain functions. This research investigated the effects of acute, sub-chronic, and chronic consumption of sucrose and different kinds of chocolate (with various cocoa and carbohydrate percentage) as portable nutrients on anxiety, locomotor activity, food consumption, and body weight differences (BWD) in male rats.

 Thirty-five male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into five experimental groups: standard food (control), dark chocolate, milk chocolate, white chocolate, and sucrose for 14 days. Anxiety and locomotor activities were evaluated on days 1,7, and 14 using open field test (OFT). Then, food consumption and BWD were measured.

 The sub-chronic consumption of sucrose and white chocolate significantly decreased total crossing number of OFT compared to control group. Moreover, acute consumption of sucrose tended to significant decreases in central crossing number. The sub-chronic dark chocolate consumption showed a significant enhancement of central crossing number. In different mono-diet of nutrients, the food consumption showed significant decreases in all groups compared to control group. The BWD had significant decreases in the first seven days. In addition, The BWD showed significant decreases in sucrose, milk chocolate, and dark chocolate during the final seven days.

 Anxiety significantly decreased by sub-chronic consumption of dark chocolate and acute sucrose consumption. Moreover, sub-chronic sucrose and white chocolate consumption decreased locomotor activity in subjects. While, regardless of nutrient types, the mono-diet could cause major weight loss. Further weight loss occurred with a high concentration of cocoa in the dark chocolate mono-diet.

 Childhood obesity is one of the major public health problems of the last century. This study aimed
to investigate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Motivation to Exercise and Diet in Children (MED-C) questionnaire.

 After receiving formal permission from the developer, the MED-C questionnaire was translated into Persian and back-translated into English. Following approval of back-translated version, this questionnaire along with the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) was filled by 353 Persian-speaking students aged 7-11 years. The construct validity of the scale was measured using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The convergent validity was determined by the average variance extracted (AVE). The internal consistency and reliability of the scale was then examined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and split-half reliability coefficient and composite reliability coefficient, respectively.

 With EFA, four main factors with an eigenvalue greater than one were extracted, which explained 76.51% of the total variance of the scale. CFA showed that all four factors of the questionnaire, including motivation and need for exercise, motivation and need for diet and nutrition, had a high correlation with the whole questionnaire, and these factor loadings were significant at the level of 0.001. The reliabilities obtained in the questionnaire were higher than 0.7 and acceptable. A significant correlation was found between physical activity and dimensions of MED-C (P = 0.01).

 The Persian version of the MED-C questionnaire seems to be a valid and reliable tool for measuring the motivation for physical activity and diet in Iranian children.

Due to the high limitations of gluten-free diet, it seems that the diversity of diet in patients with celiac disease is affected. Therefore, in order to provide specific dietary advices to these patients, it is necessary to conduct a study on the diversity of these patients' diets. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the dietary diversity score in adult patients with celiac disease.

In the present cross-sectional study, 130 celiac patients were selected from the celiac disease (CD) registry database of East Azerbaijan province, Iran. The dietary intake data was obtained by an 80-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. For determining diet diversity score (DDS), food items were categorized in five groups and 23 subgroups. To be counted as a “consumer” for any of the food groups categories, a respondent needed to consume one-half serving. The total score was between 0 and 10 and each subgroup score was between 0 and 2. The higher scores indicate the better diet diversity and the values less than 3, 3-5 and six and over were considered as low, moderate and high diet diversity scores respectively. The data were analysed using SPSS. The DDS was compared between adherences and non-adherents with on-way ANCOVA by adjusting to cofounding factors including age, sex, body mass index, energy intake, disease duration and gluten-free diet duration.

The mean age of celiac patients was 36.74±8.61 years. The mean total DDS was 3.97 ±1.36. The highest DDS was related to the fruit group (1.42 ± 0.68) and the lowest score was related to the meat group (0.40 ± 0.68). The result of covariance test showed that there were no significant differences between adherents and non-adherents regarding the DDS total score and subgroups scoes (P>0.05). The total DDS was less than 3 in 22.5% of patients, was between 3 and 5 in 73.3% of patients and six and over in 4.16% of patients.

According to the results of the present study, the celiac patients had low DDS in all food groups. So, from the practical point of view, necessary educations should be provided to celiac patients to consume the gluten-free alternative to increase their diet diversity.