جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سنجش درد » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Caring for hospitalized premature infants, who are exposed to a variety of painful caregiving, exposes mothers to many challenges that lead to anxiety. This study was designed to provide solutions to reduce maternal anxiety and neonatal pain.

This clinical trial was performed on 90 mothers with preterm infants in three groups of massage intervention, kangaroo care and control group. The interventions of both groups were performed from the time of stabilization of the neonates to the time of discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Spielberger overt and covert anxiety questionnaires with a minimum score of 20 and a maximum of 80 were completed before and after the intervention.

There was a significant difference between the levels of overt and covert anxiety of mothers in the massage group (34.43±11.74 and 32.13±9.25) and the kangaroo care group (36.90±10.06 and 38.07±13.10) compared to the control group (57.47±10.86 and 50.10±9.19) (p<0.001). This difference in the levels of neonatal pain was also significant in the massage group (1.87±1.20) and in the kangaroo care group (2.00±1.02) compared with the control group (4.17±1.21) (p<0.001).

The results of the present study showed that infant massage and kangaroo care by the mother are effective in reducing maternal anxiety as well as reducing pain levels in preterm infants.

Primary dysmenorrhea is of the most common complaints in women. Patient assessment and successful treatment needs to assess the patient's pain. According to high and different prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in various studies and to know the most accepted tools of dysmenorrhea pain assessment and to discuss the advantage and disadvantage of these tools, this study was performed with aim to assess the articles related to dysmenorrhea in dimension of menstrual pain assessment tools.
This review article was performed with aim to assess the articles related to dysmenorrhea in dimension of menstrual pain assessment tools. Therefore, databases of Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed Medline, and Google Scholar were searched to find the related references with keywords of dysmenorrhea, scale, … between 2003 and 2013. The contents of the articles were exactly and repeatedly studied and were analyzed with focus on qualitative and quantitative aspects of pain assessment tools.
Totally, 259 articles were obtained. 248 articles used subjective tools of dysmenorrhea and 11 articles used objective tools. The most used subjective tools were VAS and Multi dimensional Verbal scale and most used objective tools of dysmenorrhea was evaluation of prostaglandins level. Totally, 28 different tools were used to assess dysmenorrhea pain. 9 tools were used in Persian articles. Moreover, 199 articles (78.6%) had simultaneously used one scale, 48 (18%) two scales, 10 (2.8 %) three and 2 (0.4 %) four scales.
Generally, various and different tools are available for menstrual pain assessment, but there is not a gold standard, but VAS and Verbal multidimensional scale are used more than other tools. It is necessary to select an appropriate tool according to the aim of researcher of the study, the study's cost, characteristics of study population and scale properties.

Ziziphora tenuior L. is used as an analgesic and to treat digestive diseases in Iranian traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora tenuior L. on pain and compare it with Diclofenac in male rats. This Experimental study was done on 72 male rats. Animals were randomly divided into 9 group (n=8) including C (with no treatment), P (Placebo receiving water and alcohol), K400, K800, and K1600 (receiving the extract 400, 800, and 1600mg/kg doses respectively), DK1600 (receiving 0.4mg/kg Diclophenac and 1600mg/kg dose of the extract), N (receiving Naloxan), and M (receiving Morphine). 15min after each oral administration, animals were injected with formalin and animal movements and behavior were recorded in two acute and chronic phases. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using Tukey and One-way ANOVA tests. Pain score in PC group reduced significantly compared to C group (p≤0.05). Pain significantly decreased in K400, K800 and K1600 groups compared with control group (p≤0.05). Pretreatment with Naloxone significantly reduced analgesic effect of the extract compared with control group (p≤0.05). Ziziphora tenuior L. decreases pain that might be caused by compounds such as Limonene and Pulegone especially.

A major reason for lack of pain control is inadequate training and skills of the staff. Nursing is intervened in order to provide patients with more comfort and pain control. Nurses can maximize the control of patient''s pain through pain assessment. In this line، this study aimed to investigate the effects of pain assessment workshop on the knowledge، attitude، and practice of nurses working in Valie-Asr Hospital of Arak. This quasi-experimental study was done on 80 nurses in the operation، orthopedics، emergency، and burn wards of Valie-Asr Hospital of Arak. The tools included demographic، knowledge، and attitude questionnaires and practice observational checklist. Validity of the tools was evaluated using content validity، and their reliability was assessed by test-retest (for the knowledge questionnaire)، Cronbach''s Alpha (for the attitude questionnaire)، and interrater reliability (for the observational checklist). Intervention occurred during four 45-minute-long sessions for nurses. The knowledge and assessment questionnaires were completed by nurses، and the checklists by the researcher’s colleague for the second time. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 16) by paired t-test and Pearson. Scores means of knowledge increased from 9. 2 ± 99. 7 to 5. 2 ± 71. 13، of attitude from 5. 7 ± 9. 22 to 6. 7 ± 5. 37، of practice concerning asking the patient questions from 4 ± 3. 8 to 5. 4 ± 1. 16 and practice concerning using pain assessment tool from 7. 1 ± 7. 1 to 8. 1 ± 3. 5. (p≤0. 001). Pain assessment workshop can be effective on enhancing the knowledge، attitude، and practice of nurses. Therefore، periodical training، provision of pain assessment equipment، and proper policies and procedures for monitoring and evaluating pain assessment can be effective.

Background and objectives n: This study aimed to validate the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI) for Iranian patients with chronic pain. 585 patients with chronic pain in legs back hands neck and shoulders were entered into this study. The West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI) was used for assessment of pain in these patients. For validation of this inventory the results were compared with those obtained from Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) State Trait Anxiety Questionnaire and Enrich marriage inventory. Using Cronbach's alpha validity of the first section of WHYMPI was 0.86 the second section was 0.78 and the third section was 0.75. The Test-retest correlation was 0.95. Also the correlation of each individual section with the whole inventory was positive and significant. The results indicate that modified form of the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI) can be used in Iran.

Background and Attention to labor pain and its sedation are important parts of maternity care. Mother positioning seems to be effective in pain intensity and positions that women choose in order to become more comfortable are often those that tend to promote the baby's progress through the birth canal. Women often describe less pain when the fetus and pelvis are better aligned. This study investigated the effects of mother's selected positions on the intensity of several types of pain in the first stage of labor. Methods and Materials: This is a clinical trial on 68 pregnant women with singleton fetus in vertex presentation, 38-42 weeks gestational age and normal labor progress at Zeinab hospital in Mashad in 2004-5. They were randomly allocated to selective positions group and routine positions group. Mothers in selective positions group changed position as they wished while mothers in routine positions group were cared in bed. Pain intensity of low back and abdomen were measured hourly by visual analog scale. Data were gathered by using forms of interview and observation, and visual analog scale and analyzed in SPSS using Student ttest, Chi-square, Mann-whitney and Fisher's exact test. Scores of total pain (average of low back pain and abdominal pain) and low back pain were significantly lower for the selective positions group than those for the routine positions group (p=0.007 and p.....

In this study, the analgesic effect of aqueous extract of spearmint, which has been used in traditional as an anaigesic anti-rheumatic, medicine was considered. 90 male rats, weighing 200-250 g, were in 10 groups. Aqueous extract of spearmint with different doses including. 0.9, 2.7, 6, 35 and 45 mg/Kg was injected divided. to the experimental animals. the positive control group received Aspirin with diffe the positive control group rent doses of 50, 100, and 300mg/Kg. Normal saline (1ml/Kg) was injected to the negative group. Hot plate method was used for evaluating The analgesic effect of the spearmint extracts and the drug were measured in periods of 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after injection. The results showed that the extract at a doses of 2.7 and 6 mg/Kg has a significant analgesic effect with the highest analgesic effect by the letter. In addition, the results indicated that the 6 mg/Kg of menthe spicata extract was more effective than aspirin 300mg/Kg in the posi tire group. It seems that dose of the aqueous extract of spearmint has morked analgesic effect and can be considered as a herbal medicine in pain treatment in humen decrease in neuron permeability of Ca++.

In traditional medicine, some plants have been used as analgesic. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the analgesic effect of “Pimpinella Anisun” that is used traditionally to relieve headache and spastic pain. The seuhleted and percolated extracts of Pimpinella Anisun, with different doses, were injected intraperitoneally (IP) to mice and the analgesic effect was determined by tail-flick and Formalin test. The results show that suxhulated extract with doses of (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg), induce significant analgesia in comparison with control group (P<0.01). In tail-flick test, the maximum analgesia was induced with the dose of 50 mg/kg and reached high to a peak at 45th min. after injection (P<0.01). The extract with the dose of 50 mg/kg induced analgesia in Formalin test at a different time (P<0.01) than in 0-5 min. There is no difference between the analgesic effect of morphine and extract at 10-15 min. in Formalin test, but at the first and second 5 min, the analgesic effect of extract was smaller than morphine (P<0.01) and was greater at 15-20 and 20-55 min. (P<0.01). There is no difference between the analgesic effect of extract and ASA 300 mg/kg at the first 5 minutes and 25-30, but at the second 5 minutes, the effect of extract was smaller (P<0.01) but it was greater than ASA at other times (P<0.01). Pretreatment of animals with naloxone did not change the analgesic effect of extract in the Formalin and tail-flick. This finding indicates that the involvement of opioid receptors in the analgesic effect of extract was excluded. In this investigation the suitable analgesic effect was seen from the extract of Pimpinella Anisun and therefore more investigation in this filed is needed.