جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شاخص کیفی آب » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

With the industrialization of communities, population increase and use of surface water, river pollution has been increased by agricultural, industrial pollutants and urban wastewater. Therefore, investigation of river pollution for regional and environmental planning is of great importance. To evaluate surface water pollution, a number of surface water quality indices have been investigated.

Iran water quality index for surface water resources (IRWQISC) approach was used to evaluate the water quality of the Mahabadchai river, Iran. Sampling was carried out along the Mahabadchai river based on some criteria such as approximately to drainage areas for landfills/domestic and agricultural effluents.

Pearson correlation coefficient between physical, chemical and microbial parameters of water showed that fecal coliform, BOD, COD, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, turbidity and total hardness had a significant positive relationship with each other at 99% confidence. According to this index, upstream samples of the river are classified as good, mid-stations relatively good to moderate category, and downstream samples of the river are classified as relatively bad.

Based on the relationship between each variable, fecal coliform, BOD, COD, ammonium, and turbidity were more effective in determining the IRWQISC. Most of the examined variables showed low concentrations in upstream areas of the river while their concentration gradually increased along the river to downstream areas, especially close to urban and industrial districts.

Monitoring water quality is so important so as to decide about using them. So, this research was conducted to evaluate Khuzitan’s river water quality.

The rivers were studied consist of Dez, Karkheh, Maroon, Karoon and Zohreh. Data collecting was applied during 2018 for each river from specified stations. So, water quality standard of Iran, WHO and Canadian council of ministers of the environment, and Shoeller diagram and Wilcox diagram were used. In addition, IRWQIsc and NSFWQI standards were used to categorize river water quality.

The results showed that Dez water was industrially corrosive, while other rivers had sedimentary water for industrial use. The water quality of Dez was better than other rivers in Khuzestan province, but this river also had high magnesium, hardness and chlorine based on the Shoeller diagram. The quality of this river was better for agricultural purposes rather than the others. Karun River was moderately better than other rivers, and water quality is better upstream than downstream. According to IRWQIsc index, the water quality variations of Dez, Karkheh, Karoon, Maroon and Zohreh were 71-83, 41-52, 39-55, 33-41 and 25-32, respectively. The results of NSFWQI index for Dez, Karkheh, Karoon, Maroon and Zohreh rivers showed that the values of these rivers varied between 65-77, 55-70, 58-68, 52-60 and 36-48, respectively.

Thus Dez River was in relatively good condition. Karoon and Karkheh rivers were in moderate condition and other rivers were in relatively poor condition. According to all indices, water quality of Zohreh River was in poor condition and Dez River was in good condition. Other rivers had medium quality.

Fish farming requires proper water quality to increase productivity and reduce health risk exposures while they are emission sources in rivers themselves. The purpose of this research is to evaluate river water quality regarding physicochemical parameters coupling with water quality index (WQI) to study the viability of fish farming expansion. This study is carried out both as field survey and laboratory analysis. Samples were taken bimonthly in 6 periods (2016-2017) from 21 stations from Kabkian River, Iran, including the water body and discharge points. Afterwards, results were statistically analyzed by T-Test regarding the spatial and temporal specifications with SPSS. Experimental results show that dissolved oxygen is over 7 mg/L and WQI is 70 which is classified as good. However, temporal variations of BOD, COD and nitrite concentrations are significant and their average are rather high about 10, 16 and 0.14 mg/L, respectively. Since, BOD is the only parameter with significant spatial variations, it is introduced as the main parameter for river water quality monitoring. Overally, Kabkian water quality is suitable for fish farming. However, due to the possibility of presence of malachite green, it is highly recommended that strict monitoring should be implemented upstream to control fish farm discharges and reduce health risk exposures.

In this study, WQI was estimated using an Iranian software called IWQIS to assess drinking water quality in Ray Township distribution systems.
The assessment of 73 samples of drinking water during 2013 and the comparison of 18 physicochemical parameters with the standard Code of 1053 (Iran National Standard) was done.
The results showed that the concentration of 7 parameters is out of normal range in special percentage of the samples. Those parameters are as follow: total hardness (31.5%), Mg (46.6%), nitrate (50.68%), Na (45.2%), F (42.46%), Cl (2.7%), Sulfate (28.76%) of samples. The medium concentration of theses parameters was: total hardness (375 mg/L), Mg (32 mg/L), Nitrate (47.43 mg/L), Na (187 mg/L), F (0.5 mg/L), Cl (169 mg/L), and Sulfate (263 mg/L). It is estimated that 5.6% of the population of this township are highly exposed to nitrate, 79.1% to fluoride and 13.5% are exposed to sodium. The average WQI in Rey Township in a good spectrum is 71.22.
17 samples (23.2%) were assessed in excellent spectrum, 54 samples (74%) in good and 1 sample (1.4%) in very poor spectrum and 1 sample in unsuitable condition were assessed. No sample was assessed in poor situation. The samples of the autumn showed the worst quality.

water, urban, industrial and agricultural centers are usually held near rivers. Surface water sources over other sources of water pollution are more at risk. The goal of this study was to evaluate the quality of the Zaringol River and the impact of agricultural drainage water was designed and implemented. In regard to agricultural activity around the Zaringol river stations studied and the samples from agricultural drainage water and streams in summer and autumn period specified were taken. NSF WQI index parameters including 9 parameter dissolved oxygen, fecal coliform, pH, BOD, temperature, phosphate, nitrate, turbidity, total dissolved solids, which were measured by using standard methods. The results from the study showed that the index based on NSF WQI for all stations were between 54 to 61. Agricultural water drainage WQI index is between 45-37 that according to the index is poor quality. According to the NSF WQI index indicated that water quality in the river is moderate. But agricultural drainage water quality is bad and affects the quality of river water. Due to the relatively high levels of water quality in the middle class of nutrients, especially nitrates, coliform presence of E.coli that drainage water from agricultural and recreational activities in the upstream station is monitored.

With regard to the presence of agricultural and recreational activities as well as Aqua culture (fish farming) industries around the Zarin-Gol River, the current study aimed to evaluate water quality of this river in terms of water quality indices.
Regarding to the agricultural and livestock activities around the river, seasonal patterns of water quality indices (NSF-WQI and IRWQISC) were estimated using physic-chemical and biological parameters from 9 water quality monitoring stations. Sampling was done biweekly throughout summer and autumn. Measured parameters included fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, phosphorus, turbidity, total hardness, pH and total solids. Because of the nature of the project, there were not ethical issues in this study.
The results of this study show that the WQI values in the samples from all stations were 54 to 61, based on both indices. NSF WQI index was moderate (70-50) and IRWQISC was also considered as moderate (55-45) and relatively good (55.1-70).
Total solids, turbidity, nitrate, temperature, and fecal coliforms were the most affecting parameters. Furthermore, although the quality of river water was suitable for agriculture, it should be treated for drinking, based on the water quality index value.

Backgrounds and TheAtrak River is an important water supply resource in the Razavi Khorasan, Northern Khorasan and Golestan provinces. This river is the line border of Iran and Turkistan countries. Unfortunately, lack of water quality and quantity data due to nonexistence of a proper surface water qualitymonitoring station network is one of themain problems for water quality evaluation in the Atrak River. The main objective of the research is to offer a proper framework for surface water quality evaluation regarding to the mentioned limitations. In the first step, proper surface water quality monitoring stations along Atrak River are selected and water quality conditions are indicated using water quality index (WQI) model. The second step is allocated for determining trophic states of the river. Finally, the river water quality modeling is carried out for one of the most important index of water quality in the Atrak River i.e. total dissolved solids (TDS) based on proposed method by Oconnor (1976). Results of WQI model showed that most of the stations were in the moderate class. The result also showed that most parts of this river had trophic condition. Finally, based on findings of O.Conor model it is demonstrated that the salinity status observed in these four stations originated from the base flow and therefore, salinity is affected by the natural sources. This methodology in the research can be used in rivers which don.t have the proper surface water qualitymonitoring stations and therefore encountered with lack of water quality data. It can provide the proper strategy and management tasks to reach the good water quality conditions.