جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شبکه بازویی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The brachial plexus is the largest and most complex nerve network in the body, which is formed in the neck and enters the axillary cavity after passing under the clavicle. So far, many variations have been reported in the brachial network, which are clinically important. The plexus has three cords, one of which is the medial cord. The medial cutaneous nerve of the arm and the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm are the branches of the medial cord that innervate the skin of the medial surface of the arm and forearm, respectively. In this study, a rare variation was observed in the branches of the medial cord of the brachial plexus during the dissection of the upper limb of an approximately 80-year-old man in the Dissection Hall of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Thus, in normal condition, there is no connection between the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm and the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, and each of them innervates the skin of the medial arm and forearm separately, but in this case, these two nerves are connected. And since knowing this type of variation is very important for surgeons, more studies are needed to determine its prevalence in the population.

The brachial plexus is the largest and most complex neural plexus in the body located in the neck and axilla. So far, there have been many reports of various variations in the brachial plexus that are of clinical significance. In the present study, while dissecting the upper limb of a 54-year-old man in the dissection room of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, a rare variation was observed in the lateral cord branches of the plexus. In this case, the medial pectoral nerve, which normally separates from the medial cord, originated from the lateral cord. Awareness of this variation is important for anatomists, surgeons, anesthesiologists and radiologists to interpret the graphs, etc., and can help to reduce clinical complications during surgery and better interpret and diagnose the graphs.

The median nerve is one of the most important branches of the brachial plexus. Due to the role of the median nerve in sensory and motor innervation of the forearm and hand in the upper limbs, its blood supply is very important. Awareness of variations in the blood supply pattern to this nerve reduces the incidence of necrosis and ischemia of the nerve during surgical and diagnostic procedures.

During routine dissection of the cadaver of a 65-year-old man fixed in formalin (10%), in the Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, a rare variation was observed in the median nerve nutritional artery at the distal end of the left forearm. After dissection of the skin, superficial and deep fascia, anterior compartment forearm muscles, nerves and blood vessels were exposed from surrounding tissues. The median nerve passed through the two heads of the pronator teres muscle and left the cubital fossa in the depth of the flexor digitorum superficialis and the surface of the flexor digitorum profundus in the forearm. It was observed that at the distal end of the left forearm between the flexor carpi radialis and the flexor digitorum superficialis, a relatively thick branch originates from the radial artery and supplies blood to the median nerve. This branch was separated from the radial artery (before the artery enters the anatomical snuffbox) and crossed the surface of the flexor carpi radialis muscle and inserted into the median nerve sheath. In the forearm, this branch was the only artery supplying blood to the median nerve.

Due to the superficial position of the median nerve at the distal end of the forearm, physical damage to the nerve and its nutritional artery leads to necrosis and ischemia of the nerve, and ultimately disturbed the transmission of sensory and motor messages.