جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شوینده » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Nowadays, people are more aware of health, the use of sanitary materials has increased and all kinds of detergents are offered.These chemical cleaners, despite their several benefits, causof damage to humans and the environment.In Iranian medicine, many sages have introduced various detergents with cleansing properties that are less dangerous than chemical detergents.This research aims to introduce effective material medica in maintaining and promoting skin and hair health in Iranian medical books.

The present study has been done by searching in library documents and foreign and domestic databases such as Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, ISC, magiran, etc.

Ethical Considerations:

In this research, ethical considerations including the authenticity of texts, honestyand trustworthiness have been observed.

Iranian sages have not only introduced various material medica, but also discussed their properties in cleansing, maintaining healthand preventing and treating skin and hair diseases.Among these material medica, the properties of plants such as Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Cedrus, Lawsonia inermis (Henna)and Hibiscus and minerals such as Venetian ceruse and Borax have been of great interest.

Natural detergents have many properties including renewable, lower cost, more stabilityand less human and biological toxicity.Therefore, it is suggested to introduce them through clinical trials and prove these benefits.By informing people about their use, we can reduce the human and biological harms resulting from the production and use of chemical detergents.

 

In the field of health, silver nanoparticles are used to make detergents. Considering the negative environmental problems in the conventional methods of synthesizing silver nanoparticles, this experimental study was conducted with the aim of using an environmentally friendly method for the production of silver in the form of antimicrobial nanoparticles and its application in detergent production.

In this research, in order to synthesize silver nanoparticles, the method of electrical explosion of wire and PNC device was used in distilled water solution as a plasma medium. Size, structural properties and morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. To prepare the detergent, the method selected by various pre-tests, which had the best result, was used and the antimicrobial activity test was finally performed.

The results obtained using microscopic methods showed that the nanosized silver particles were spherical and had a mean particle size of 40 nm and remained stable in distilled water solution. The results of the antimicrobial test showed that the detergent containing silver nanoparticles had the highest and lowest antimicrobial activity against staphylococcal coagulase and colonic bacteria, respectively.

Based on the results, electrical wire explosion is an appropriate and environmentally friendly method for producing silver nanoparticles. The detergent production using synthetic silver nanoparticles, along with its antimicrobial properties, is a good advancement in health and medicine.

Regular use of household cleaning products and cosmetics can result in adverse consequences for human health. Therefore, the knowledge of consumption pattern of these products can help to evaluate the effects and finally control the consequences of their inappropriate application. As there is not an appropriate tool for evaluating public use-pattern for these products in Iran, we studied the reliability and validity of a questionnaire designed for the use-patterns of these products.

In the present study, a questionnaire, which was previously applied in similar studies for this purpose, was first translated to Persian. Then, some changes were made in the questionnaire according to the studied population. In the next step, the assessment of both content validity and face validity of the instrument was performed. Finally, the questionnaire reliability was studied in two test-retest steps at a 14-day interval with 40 subjects older than 14 years old being resident in Tehran city.

Total Content Validity Index (CVI) of this questionnaire ranged 0.66-1 for all question items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.814. The correlation assessment of each question item based on the total correlation score showed that all questionnaire items had a direct and strong correlation with the total instrument score.

Given the acceptable validity and reliability obtained for the questionnaire in Persian in this study, it can be used in those investigations that evaluate use patterns or asses the exposure risks to chemical pollutants from cosmetic products or detergents.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of various tissue inhibitors, including dentin powder, dentin matrix, bovine serum albumin, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide, on the antibacterial activity of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), and a new silver nanoparticle irrigant (Im-based AgNPs). In the first set of experiments, 950 µL of each irrigating solution was mixed with 50 µL of an Enterococcus faecalis suspension, and bacterial survival was assessed after 10, 30, and 60 seconds. In the second set of experiments, 100 µL of each inhibitor suspension was mixed with 100 µL of each irrigating solution and incubated for one hour. Afterwards, 100 µL of the bacterial suspension was added. Bacterial survival was assessed after 10 seconds and 10 and 60 minutes. Both sets of experiments were performed in triplicate. The colony-forming units were counted, and the log-transformed number was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. In the statistical analysis, P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. In the first set of the experiments, the antibacterial activity of NaOCl and CHX was significantly higher compared to the AgNPs and saline solutions at all the times (P˂0.05). In the second set of the experiments, the four inhibitors significantly inhibited the antibacterial effects of CHX and NaOCl (P˂0.05), with the exception of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, which had no effect on NaOCl. Similar to the negative control, AgNPs showed the high survival of the bacteria regardless of the presence or absence of the tissue inhibitors. According to the results, the tissue inhibitors affected the antibacterial activity of NaOCl and CHX at variables degrees. However, AgNPs showed no antibacterial activity regardless of the presence or absence of the inhibitors

Surfactant or surface active agents are slightly soluble in water and cause foaming in waste treatment plants and also in the surface waters into which the waste effluent is discharged. During aeration of wastewater, these compounds collect on the surface of the water bubbles and create some problems in waste treatment.

In this study, surfactant, turbidity and COD in the industrial wastewater of the company, Paksan was studied. Study was done at pH ranging between 2 and 13 in a pilot scale process.

The results showed that ferric chloride has higher efficiency in removal and it is possible to decrease the surfactant, turbidity and COD

The efficiency of ferric chloride in coagulation process for removal of surfactant, turbidity and COD from industrial wastewater is better than ALUM, Lime and Ferric Sulfate,