جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "عابر پیاده" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Elderly pedestrians are one of the vulnerable road users in road traffic injureis. Elderly pedestrians are different from other road users because of special problems such as weakness of physical ability and specific, social and mental psychosocial conditions. Therefore, special attention should be taken in to account. There are need to pay more attention to this group of road users. The present study aimed to explore the obstacles relating to the elderly pedestrians using a qualitative study approach.
This is a qualitative study that was conducted on male and female elderly pedestrians age equal or more than 60 years old participated to obtain depth understanding about obstacles of road safety among elderly pedestrians. Considering the cultural background and convenience of the participants in order to have comfort interviews, interviews were conducted by male and female interviewee based on participant gender. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and then analyzed employing content analysis as an interpretation method after data collection.
Analysis of the interview data yielded three main themes, emerged in interpreting the interviews including the problems related to associated with the environment (e.g., such as; traffic lights, pedestrians bridges, and streets), social respect to elderly people, and physical health.
According to findings of our study, special physical and social conditions of the elderly citizens as vulnerable road users should be considered and there is need to pay more attention to urban designs and distribution of safer traffic facilities considering elderly people as a vulnerable road users. Construction of traffic safety equipment in cities (such as using escalators instead of bridges and correction of defects in streets and roads tailored to the needs of the elderly) old people can could positively affect the safety of elderly pedestrians. Furthermore, promoting the culture of respecting the elderly and helping them in streets could largely improve their safety as vulnerable pedestrians can improve pedestrian safety of elderly road users.

Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users. In many cases, pedestrian-vehicle crashes are often the result of their risky road crossing behaviors. So, this qualitative study aimed to explore the reasons for risky road crossing behaviors among young people.
Methods & Materials: The current study was designed as a qualitative content analysis. Twelve males and females who had a car-accident were purposefully selected with maximum variation sampling. Data were collected and analyzed by semi-structured individual interviews.
Conformity with the masses including “conformity with peers and conformity with the public space of society”, and anomie emerged as the most important social reasons for young pedestrian’s risky road crossing behaviors.
According to the results of this study, young pedestrian’s risky road crossing behaviors are affected by conformity with the masses and peers and as well as anomie so that risky behaviors have been commonplace and inevitable and a part of their lifestyle.

Pedestrians are one of the most vulnerable and important road users. This study aimed to identify the current situations and present a clear picture of epidemiological pattern of road traffic injuries among pedestrians in Iran in 2014.
This was a secondary analysis study using the traffic police data. Differences of selected variables and type of road traffic injuries were examined. To test the related risk factors for severity of injuries the univariate regression analysis was performed. The injury information extracted from a special form called COM that provided by traffic police of Iran.
There were 50518 accidental injuries among Iranian pedestrian in 2014. Qom province with 108.81, Zanjan with 91.21, Golestan with 89.09, and Khorasan Razavi with 87.49 had the highest rates of pedestrian injuries per 100000 populations versus 3.97 in Char-Mahal O Bakhtiari with the lowest rate. Results showed that age, sex, safety facilities for pedestrian for crossing roads, unsafe behaviors and the anatomical site of injury had a statistical significant association with the severity of injuries. Majority of injuries occurred between 3:00 to 6:00 PM (22.9%) and 6:00 to 9:00 PM (24.7%).
The great number of pedestrian injuries in Iran in 2014 in this study and other studies shows that pedestrian safety is poor. Scientific approach using descriptive and analytical epidemiological studies might help to implement preventive measures for reducing pedestrian injuries in Iran.

Since the role of the transportation is to transport goods and passengers safely and comfortably, the safety has always been a common issue. However, in the past two decades, due to the increase in accidents and casualties, it has been more important. The aim of this paper is to minimize the risk factors that threaten pedestrians by identifying accident-prone areas in the city of Qazvin for pedestrians and provide solutions to improve the safety of pedestrians.
In order to achieve the objectives of the paper at the first step the accident-prone areas were identified in the city and then by using the analytical process (AHP) with 5 parameters (vehicle speed, geometry, traffic safety, pedestrian safety behavior, environment) is evaluated.
the results show that in 38% of accidents drivers age between 19 and 27 years old and accidents mainly accrued in the intersections and squares of the city. Pedestrians behavior in the Taleghani intersection get a highest score and so it is not necessary to improve pedestrian behavior but environmental issue and lack of traffic equipment can may some problems. In Sepah intersection high volume and vehicles speed achieved the highest scores and geometry design and pedestrian behavior achieved the lowest score.
The results indicate when geometry of road is not appropriatepedestrians do not behavior safety. In Sepah intersection in addition to the improving geometry design, pedestrian Should be guided. Modifying the lightstiming and building the safety island is more suggestions that could increase the Taleghani and Sepag intersections safety.

One of the most important factors in traffic engineering is pedestrian crossing safety. Investigating the parameters affecting the pedestrian’s safety margins and their relationship on the identifying the main causes of accidents relate to pedestrians on the streets without the traffic signs and driving has an important role. This article examine some of the factors related to the safety of pedestrians and the relationship between them. For this purpose, the videos were recorded of 56 pedestrians, were evaluated. This study was cross - sectional and conducted on the basis of observational data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software and linear regression method. The results obtained from software has shown that the influence coefficients of various factors affecting pedestrian’s safety margin that include waiting time before moving with 0.78, repeat looking at the vehicles before and while crossing with 0.58, looking time at the vehicles before and after passing with 0.73 and passing time with 0.29 In this case study that has been done in Tehran Motahari street, “The pedestrians waiting time before passing “were determined as the most important factor affecting the pedestrians safetymargin on the streets without traffic signals.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of clothing color on the rate of physical injuries inflicted on the pedestrian accident and suggest ways to avoid problems and complications from it. This study is the result of a study on pedestrian traffic accidents in 2007. Information was obtained from police database. M-logistic regressions (using SPSS) were used in this paper. More than 6,552 pedestrians that injured in traffic accidents in 2007 were studied. Of these, more than 75% of patients were men (4,948). Among those that we know educational info’s, more than 91% of them were low educated (less than Diploma); and three quarters of people were wearing bright clothes. Based on Multinomial logistic regression analysis, bright clothing can reduce the severe injuries, 42% lower than dark clothing. The probability of pedestrian death with light clothes relative to dark clothes is 82%. Pedestrians are in risk of severe injuries in accidents. As more than 78% in the worst affected areas, "Neck" or "chest and back" is reported. Given that most pedestrians injured in accidents had an education lower than high school, low knowledge about traffic rules can be one of the causes of such accidents. The best way to avoid pedestrian accidents is "defensive driving" that means being wary of people who walk. Pay particular attention to young children and older adults. These individuals may be less aware of drivers or traffic signals on the road.

Traffic injuries are noticable events because of high prevalence and mortality. In Iran, traffic injuries after heart disease are the second cause of death and first cause of wasting life and it will lead to the most important problem that threats our health. The Pedestrian are the most vulnerable people in traffic injuries among them death and disability are high. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics of pedestrians who died of traffic accidents over a period of six years (2004-2009) in Kurdistan province of Iran. In this cross sectional study (descriptive- analytical), by census method, all 654 cases of dead pedestrians were studied. Then by using a check list for demographic characteristics, location, time of the incident and the cause of death collected and data analyzed by spss software finally. Of the 654 dead pedestrians, more than two thirds (69.1%) were male. According to age, the majority of cases were 65 and older (27.8%). Half of the fatal accidents occurred in urban roads (59.8%). There was a significant relationship between sex of victims and the location of incident (p<0.05). Also, most of the victims died before transferring to the hospital. Based on the findings, according to the high rate of death among older pedestrians and pre-hospitalize phase, some helpful proceedings such as training, installation of pedestrian bridges, suitable for the elders, and traffic signs besides, empowerment of medical aid system will reduce death in pedestrians.