جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مخاطرات » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The sudden occurrence of dangerous and unstable situations creates the conditions for which fundamental and extraordinary measures are needed to resolve them. Emergency nurses are one of the first and most effective relief teams in crisis. The application of specific knowledge and skills by competent nurses minimizes health risks and life-threatening risks caused by crises. The purpose of this article is to review of the effect of hospital hazards training on the knowledge and attitude of emergency nurses in times of crisis.

This review article use of library resources and databases in search of the keywords " hospital risks", "hazard", "education", "nurse" and "emergency".

The most likely hospital hazards are geological hazards (earthquakes, landslides, and psychoticism), weather hazards (storms, tornadoes, extreme heat and cold, dust), and epidemiological hazards (infested animals). Choosing the right training methods for hospital hazard education is effective on the knowledge and attitudes of emergency nurses. Continuous training courses in crisis and accident management are essential. Discussion and

In order to create and maintain the readiness of nursing staff, training and implementation of disaster preparedness programs should be among the topics of continuous training. Conducting training courses and workshops can increase the knowledge and attitude of military personnel in the face of crisis.

Hospital waste is one of the most important pollutants caused by hospital processes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) risks of medical waste unit.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020. The study tool included the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) technique. This research was conducted in three sections of medical Waste Unit of the Waste Management Organization including collection, processing and landfill sections.

The FMEA results showed that the highest levels of environmental Risk Priority Number (RPN) in the collection, processing and landfill sections were estimated 245, 392, and 294 respectively. Furthermore, the lowest levels of environmental risk in these three sections were calculated as 144, 80, and 60 respectively. The FMEA results indicated that the highest levels of safety and health risk in the collection, processing and landfill sections were calculated to be 252, 420 and 420, respectively. Also, the lowest level of safety and health risk in all three sections was estimated to be RPN=90.

Findings of this study indicated that the level of hospital waste risk is high. Therefore, reducing the incidence of catastrophic consequences associated with these wastes should be considered a priority of the waste management system.

The urban rail transport network is always at risk due to its special conditions. Many cases indicate the existence of threatening and risk factors for human societies in urban rail transportation systems. Therefore, in this study, with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the risks of urban rail transportation networks in order to increase resilience is on the agenda.

The research method was descriptive-analytical and applied. The statistical population of this article included Tehran metro employees at Imam Khomeini station. In this article, the sample size has been selected systematically and purposefully, which included 24 employees and managers of Imam Khomeini station in Tehran. To classify the hazards of Tehran's urban rail transportation system, first the hazards were identified and the cause and consequences were determined and then the hazards were prioritized using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method.

The results of the study showed that there are 22 hazards in Tehran's urban transportation system. The results of applying AHP in prioritizing the identified hazards indicated that the risk of floods, leaks and water accumulation, earthquakes, sabotage and terrorist activities, were among the hazards with important priorities in the rail transport network of Tehran, respectively. Also, heat in electric stations, sewage system of station and the presence of unpleasant chemical gases were among the items that had the least risks in the study area.

The results showed that Tehran urban transportation system in the study station had potential hazards. Therefore, based on the identified risks, measures such as monitoring the behavior of tunnel and railway lines and data mining information, using firefighting equipment, completing the rapid alert system (in interaction with the Urban Crisis Organization) and developing emergency resilience instructions could be performed.

Safety, raising awareness, and preventing the occurrence of hazards are necessary in order to continue to improve the quality of laboratory activities, which have been recently considered by scientific, research, and industrial communities. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the risk factor, potential hazards, and provide practical programs in the laboratories of the Shrimp Research Institute.

Safety hazards of eight laboratories of the National Shrimp Research Institute were evaluated during the intervention study with the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis technique. To this end, in the first phase, the team of safety experts (HSE: Health and Safety Executive), by preparing and completing safety questionnaire forms, identified the current status of safety indicators and danger points of laboratories, assessed the distance with safety indicators, and managed danger points. Based on risk severity, probability of occurrence, and probability of risk detection, the risk priority number (RPN) was calculated, prioritized, and corrective measures were proposed. In the second phase, after corrective measures, the safety questionnaire was completed again and the level of risk severity, probability of occurrence, probability of detection, risk priority number, risk number, and percentage reduction of risk priority number of the studied laboratories were calculated and analyzed.

Thirty-five hazard points were identified in the laboratories. The range of risk priority numbers ranged from RPN = 12 for the Plankton Laboratory to RPN = 210 for the Marine Microbiology Laboratories and Marine Pollutants. After control measures, the risk number of marine microbiology laboratory was reduced to 180 and marine pollutants to 120 (P <0.05).

The results showed that FMEA technique is appropriate in identifying the risk points, evaluating, and classifying the risks of the Iran Shrimp Research Institute laboratories and provide control strategies to eliminate or reduce the risk rate of research environments.

The tire industry is a pivot point in the transportation fleet of any country, and Tire is considered as a strategic commodity, and with 15,000 people in the industry, it is one of the most powerful intermediary industries between petrochemicals and automobiles. The purpose of this study is to analyze hazards Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) of the YASA Rubber Industry is based on the combined approach of HEMP and BOW-TIE. The HSE management team identifies risks and assesses the industry's risks. After identifying the level of unacceptable risks in the HEMP, Hierarchical Analyzes (AHP), high risk risks were prioritized, and BOW-TIE software provided control measures and barriers. The findings of the study were that among the identified risks, the high volume of flammable materials, overloading operations with overhead cranes, electricity, load at height and fracturing were very high. The risk of ignition by AHP method was oboidizing these hazards. Patch with the value of 0.50 was the highest. The results of the research indicated that for high risk of the factory, safe and effective control barriers and effective measures for the critical industries in the rubber industry should be carried out in accordance with the standards and procedures.

Pregnant employees demand special attention from their employers and themselves. In this study،the focus is on the interaction between pregnancy and occupation. This study was a review article. Authentic articles، sites and books on occupational medicine، fitness for work and obstetrics were used. This study consisted of different parts including: definition of terms، the importance of issue of pregnancy in employees، pregnancy changes that affect fitness to work، some special considerations، prescription of occupational specialist during pregnancy، breastfeeding، and postnatal issues. The workplace hazards to the pregnant employees were factors that were harmful to the health or safety of the mother and/or fetus. These hazards included: physical، chemical، biologic، psychologic and ergonomic-hazard. Pregnancy made changes in fitness of pregnant employees. After delivery attention to the mothers was required، too. After identifying the risks at each workplace، appropriate methods of control could be used. Control of these routine hazards، and vaccinations، were the duties of the occupational physician for pregnant employees.