جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مروری سیستماتیک" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, which is associated with a high prevalence, especially in the elderly male population. Treatment options for non-metastatic prostate cancer usually include active surveillance, radiotherapy and surgery, so the aim of the present study is a systematic review of brachytherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.

The study conducted is a systematic review article in which a review of the treatment of prostate cancer with brachytherapy has been done. The information used is taken from articles published in Persian and English in Google scholar, SID and PubMed databases from 2000 to 2022. The selected keywords in this article included Brachy therapy, Prostate cancer, Radio therapy, Prostate neoplasms, High dose rate, Low dose rate and External beam radio therapy. Selection of studies was done according to PRISMA guidelines.
Results

Brachytherapy can be classified into 2 types of permanent implantation and temporary implantation based on the length of the treatment period. In permanent brachytherapy implants for prostate cancer, iodine (125I) or palladium (103Pd) are used as radioactive sources for low dose rate cases and for high dose rate brachytherapy. Iridium (192Ir) is used. Brachytherapy is usually used in two ways, either as a monotherapy in which LDR and HDR are used to treat some low-risk patients, or as a booster treatment after other treatments such as EBRT, which here may be part of the treatment process before, after, or during treatment. In contrast to brachytherapy alone, brachytherapy plus EBRT is an appropriate approach in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk disease. In high-risk patients, the combined use of EBRT and HDR-BT can lead to better results than EBRT alone. Brachytherapy treatment is not suitable for every disease.

One of the main advantages of this treatment method is the ability to administer a high dose of radiation while minimizing radiation exposure to adjacent healthy organs. Since optimal dose distribution occurs in the treatment, quality treatment can be ensured. The results obtained from both forms of brachytherapy are generally suitable and comparable to other treatment methods with fewer side effects.

COVID-19 was identified on December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, China. As a pandemic, it caused people unable to regulate their emotions and created anxiety in many people worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the role of emotion regulation strategies in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is a systematic review study conducted in 2021. A search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases using the keywords: COVID-19, Psychological Implications, Mental Health, Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Pandemic for the related studies published in English from 2020 (February) to 2021 (December) in reputable journals. 
Selection methods for study: The search yielded 538 articles. By checking the full texts of these articles, 23 articles were finally selected for the review.

Studies showed that the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies such as positive reappraisal and positive refocusing on planning led to increased mental health. In contrast, using maladaptive emotion management strategies such as catastrophizing, rumination, and blaming others led to anxiety, depression, and stress.

  Given the role of emotion regulation strategies in the management of anxiety caused by COVID-19, it is necessary to take effective measures to inform people about the role of emotion regulation strategies in reducing their anxiety.

Electroencephalography is one of the non-invasive and relatively inexpensive methods that can be used to evaluate neurophysiology and cognitive functions. This systematic review study was performed with the aim of using electroencephalography (EEG) in ergonomics.

In this review study, all articles published in Persian and English on the application of electroencephalography (EEG) in ergonomics from March 20, 2010 to March 21, 2021 were reviewed. For this purpose, a systematic search of articles was performed using the keywords cognitive ergonomics, mental fatigue, electroencephalography, EEG and brain waves in the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of science, SID, Scopus, Magiran Iran Medex.

Most studies were conducted between 2015 and 2020 (41 papers) and most of the subjects were car drivers. Selected articles were reviewed in seven areas of mental fatigue, mental workload, mental effort, visual fatigue, working memory load, emotions, stress, and error diagnosis. The journal Perceptual and Motor Skills, followed by Applied Ergonomics, published the largest number of related articles.

In the reviewed articles, the assessment of a person's mental states, especially when driving a vehicle, has been further studied and through it, tracking, monitoring and various tasks of working memory have been followed. Future research should focus on the use of computational methods that take into account the dynamic and unstable nature of EEG data. Such an approach could facilitate the development of fatigue detection systems and automated adaptive systems.

Pruritus is a common disruptive symptom in hemodialysis patients and those with chronic renal failure. Although pharmacological treatments could partially reduce pruritus in hemodialysis patients, the definitive treatment remains challenging in these patients. Several studies have been published in this regard, while no reviews have been focused on these articles. The present study aimed to review the topical treatments for pruritus.

This review study was conducted on the Persian and English articles published during 1987-2018 via searching in databases such as SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Barakat Knowledge Network System, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, Magiran, HerbMed, and Biomed Central. In total, 217 articles were retrieved, and 63 articles were initially selected after screening the titles, and 12 articles were eliminated after reviewing the abstract. Among the remaining articles (n=51), the original texts were assessed, and 20 studies were excluded due to irrelevance to the research subject. Finally, 31 articles were reviewed using the Jadad checklist, and 25 articles had good mean (scores above 3), which were included in the study.

The most effective topical treatments reported for hemodialysis patients include the use of emulsions, gels, ointments, creams, oil, and lotions. A review of these studies indicated that ointment is most effective in relieving itching, followed by creams, gels, oils, and lotions, and emulsions, which are also helpful in reducing itching in hemodialysis patients.

According to the results, the use of topical remedies (e.g., herbal oils, gels, ointments, creams, emulsions, and lotions) could be effective in the treatment of itching in hemodialysis patients, and these methods are highly recommended in this regard.

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria are rising. Bacteriophages are suggested as an alternative treatment option for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Bacteriophages in treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections is not well investigated in vivo. The aim of this study was to review systematically the studies on bacteriophages against infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria in vivo. This systematic review was done using electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of science; the articles published from 1983 to 2018 were investigated. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected, and the data were estimated using a review method. 1310 articles were indexed from which 380 were selected based on their abstracts. Then, some were excluded including clinical trials and in-vitro studies. Finally, experimental studies (n = 31), that met the inclusion criteria and were published in English, were selected. This review showed that bacteriophages are an effective treatment against n-vivo Gram-negative bacteria infections even be used orally, topically, or subcutaneously injected.