جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مقطع راهنمایی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Being underweight or obese in adolescence may lead to chronic diseases in adulthood. Stunting has adverse effects on behavioral development. The present study assessed anthropometric indices for school children aged 12-14 yr in the city of Ilam in Iran. A cross-sectional study was performed on 493 students aged 12-14 years. Systematic sampling was used to select the samples for each grade. Data was gathered using validated scales. Weight، height، and BMI were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS software. CDC2000 criteria were used in anthropometric assessment. The incidence of being underweight، at risk of being overweight، being overweight، or being stunted in the school children studied were 21. 5%، 8. 2%، 0. 6%، and 13%، respectively، based on CDC2000 anthropometric criteria. Furthermore، it was found that stunting in girls was three times higher than in boys. A significant relationship was observed between the incidence of being underweight and the mother’s literacy (p<0. 05). No relationship was found between family height، BMI، stunting، and birth order for being underweight. Considering the prevalence of stunted، underweight and overweight school children، it is necessary to implement appropriate strategies to improve nutritional status by educating parents at the local level.

Adolescence is one of the most important periods and adolescents are among the most vulnerable social groups. The emergence of strong emotions following physical، psychological، and cognitive changes in them can lead to aggression. The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between demographic characteristics and aggression in secondary school students. This study was a descriptive-analytical one done on 750 secondary school students in Birjand in 2009، which were selected through classified randomized sampling. For data collection a demographic questionnaire and Buss and Perry’s aggression questionnaire were used. The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (V: …….) using descriptive and analytic statistics including independent T، and variance analysis test.. According to the present study، 54. 1% of males and 52. 8% of females were aggressive. There was a significant relationship between mean aggression and sex (P=0. 007). But، no significant difference was observed between aggression of the students and order indexes considered in this study such father’s and mother’s occupation، father’s and mother’s education، average in the previous term، and one''s birth order. There was a significant relationship between the length of time of using computer and watching television، and aggression (P<0. 001). There was also a significant relationship between aggression and girls'' menstrual cycle. It was found that aggression was higher in the students who spend more time watching television. The results should be considered in planning appropriate mental health intervention.

The primary energy for speech production is prepared by breathing flow. As there was no index for the maximum phonation time (MPT) to compare normal and speech disordered speakers in Iran، the purpose of this study was to establish this standard for guidance school students in Tehran. This cross-sectional study was performed on 576 guidance students from 1st، 5th، 8th، 10th، 15th and 19th educational regions. Each student made an usual inhalation and produced the /a/ for three times with the maximum strength but in a way that he/she didnt feel tension on his/her neck or larynx. The maximum time was recorded as the maximum phonation time. The results of this research revealed that girls`s MPT in all regions was 15. 3، 16. 7، and 17. 16 seconds and the boys` was 15. 41، 16. 7 and 17. 01 seconds and all students` 15. 36، 16. 17 and 17. 08 seconds in order of their grades. There was significant difference between first and third grade mean MPT (p=0. 003). The result of this study indicates that، as the students age increases their MPT increase، too. Also، boys` MPT was more than girls` in first and second grades; however، in third grade the girls` MPT was more.

Emotional intelligence as an aspect of social intelligence determines the individual’s ability in encountering with psychic pressures and adopting with them. Based on previous studies deficiency of emotional intelligence has a relation with disruptive behaviors in adolescents. The purpose of this research was to find the relationship between behavioral disorders and emotional intelligence (Emotional Intelligence Quotient: EQ) in secondary school students in Tehran City. In whole, 420 students (195 boys and 225 girls) from six high schools in three city areas (1, 6, 16) selected randomly. Subjects were asked to complete SDQ and SSRI scales. Ultimately, data from 420 students were analyzed with Pearson correlation and Multiple Regression. EQ and it's components, that is mean regulation of emotion, appraisal and expression of emotion and utilization of emotions, showed negative relationship with behavioral disorders (respectively r=-0.27, r=-0.29, r=-0.17, r=-0.24 and p<0.001). In addition, results suggested that general EQ (Beta=-0.275, p<0.000) and one of it's components, that is regulation of emotion (Beta=-0.293, p<0.000) can predict significantly behavioral disorders. The role of EQ in shaping behavioral disorders has some important implications especially for professionals in the field of behavioral disorders. For example considering EQ improvement programs in preventing and treating behavioral disorders is necessary.

Children and adolescents have a great experience of anxiety. Sometimes these anxieties have such an intensity that may affect their daily life and education negatively. One of these anxieties is test anxiety. Most of researches have reported a strong relationship between test anxiety and academic achievement, whereas earlier investigators found a smaller relationship between these variables. In this study the prevalence of test anxiety and its relationship with educational achievement was investigated.Method and materials: This investigation is a descriptive – analytic study and was done on guidance school students in Zahedan. From Nine schools (5 girl’s and 4 boy’s) 935 students were selected randomly. Data gathering tools were Sarason Test Anxiety Questionnaire (TAQ) and demographic features questionnaire and students, average score was also accounted. For analysis of Data, correlation coefficient, T- test and X2 test were used. Total population was 935(540 girls and 395 boys) students, of whom. 400 students (42.78%) had test anxiety. The results of this study showed that, test anxiety occurs in girls more than boys and this difference was significant (P < 0.01, X2 = 18). Also the average of test anxiety score among girls was higher. A reverse ratio was observed between test anxiety and academic achievement (P = 0.003, r = -0.13). The last matter is that educational achievements and test anxiety level have a reverse ratio. It means that as test anxiety level increases, educational achievement decreases and vice-versa.