جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مواد فیتوشیمیایی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The coronavirus disease 2019 or severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus identified at the end of 2019. The use of plants and derivate phytochemicals compounds for immune enhancement has been reported by several recent studies. The present study reviewed the possible therapeutic properties of phytochemicals on SARS-CoV-2. The key words including; “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “Phytochemicals” or “flavonoid” or “natural product” in the Title/Abstract were searched in scientific databases, Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Phytochemicals including; thymoquinone (TQ), Kaempferol (KA), Hesperidin (Hes) and Quercetin (QU) showed antiviral properties including, inhibition of protein kinase B and phosphorylation of protein kinase as well as blocking effects on a selective channel expressed in the infected cell of SARS-CoV (3a channel). The phytochemicals also reduced the level pro-inflammatory cytokines including; TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1 α, IL-1 β, and chemokines. Phytochemicals might be beneficial effects in the control or treatment of infectious disease such as SARS-CoV-2 due to antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

Physical activities are associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species. The production of reactive oxygen species is dependent of the intensity, duration and type of activity. Although the physiological amounts of reactive oxygen species are necessary to regulate cell reactions, their excessive production can cause numerous damages to the structure and function of cells and weaken physical function and endanger health. Although physical activity itself is a stimulus to increase the capacity of antioxidant defense, but in the case of intense and long exercises, the production of reactive oxygen species exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defense. In this situation, the use of exogenous antioxidant substances can be a good solution for the development of performance and physical health. Plants are abundant sources of antioxidant substances that can neutralize most active oxygen species caused by physical exercises, and then reduce inflammation and muscle damage induced by repeated muscle contractions, especially extrinsic contractions. Despite controversial findings due to differences in the methodologies of studies, their results generally confirm the effects of phytochemicals on reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, pain, muscle damage and improving physical performance. Based on these findings, it is recommended that people who undertake intense and long physical exercises should use plants containing phytochemicals in order to maintain and improve physical performance and develop health.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of cancer cells with self-renewal and differentiation ability. Furthermore, CSCs are resistant to chemoradiotherapy due to their high level of detoxifying enzymes, strong DNA repair abilities, and high drug efflux capacity. Therefore, CSCs are supposed to account for cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. In this regard, the development of CSC targeting therapies and discoveries of drugs that can target and eradicate the CSCs has been recognized as a promising approach to improve cancer survival rate or even to cure patients with cancers. The content of this article is a review of 100 articles published in prestigious international journals. Search in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct were conducted using keyword combinations of “cancer stem cell”, “phytochemical”, “cancer therapy”, “chemotherapy”, and “radiotherapy”. This review aims to provide an overview of CSCs properties, their molecular mechanisms, and related signaling pathways involved in their chemoradiotherapy resistance. Also, we are going to discuss some important phytochemicals and their mechanism for targeting CSCs. According to many research studies, using plant-derived compounds in the treatment of cancer can have synergistic effects on chemo-medications.  Plant-derived compounds have fewer side effects and can reduce the relapse rate of cancers by targeting cancer stem cells.