جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « پوست پسته » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Fatty diet increases apoptosis and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of 4-week aerobic exercise along with pistachio skin extract on the expression of Bax, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in heart tissue of fat-fed rats.

This is an experimental study. 12-week-old female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 6; Positive control (healthy), negative control (obesity), exercise + obesity, extract + obesity, exercise and extract + obesity (interaction of exercise and extract). Training was done for 4 weeks with moderate intensity of 50-60% Vo2max. Pistachio skin extract was used at a dose of 60 mg per kilogram. qPCR method was used to check gene expression.

The results showed that the expression of bax and caspase 3 was higher in the obese group than in the healthy group (P=0.001). The extract groups, the exercise group and the exercise + extract group had more bax and caspase 3 expression compared to the obese group (P=0.001). The expression of Bcl-2 in the obese group and the exercise group was lower than the healthy group (P=0.001). Also, the expression of Bcl-2 was higher in the exercise + extract group than in the obese group (P=0.001). There was a significant difference between the exercise group and the exercise+extract group with the extract group.

High-fat diet increase bax and caspase 3 and decreased Bcl-2 in rats. However, exercise and consumption of green pistachio skin extract together decrease bax and caspase 3 and increased Bcl-2.

Secondary metabolites of plants such as polyphenolic compounds have numerous therapeutic properties. Herbal medicines contain phytochemical compounds with antimicrobial properties have a great importance in the treatment of various microbial infections. The aim of this study was the usage of Pistacia vera L skin (more than 400,000 tons per year) in extracting compounds with antibacterial properties. P. vera cv. Kallehghuchi was obtained from Sirjan city in Iran and pistachio skin was extracted with four solvents (70% acetone, 50% ethanol, 50% methanol and water), then, the antimicrobial properties of the extracts were investigated on Staphylococcus aureus. For this purpose, the disc diffusion method was used. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values were measured to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts.  Acetone solvent had the highest antibacterial properties, with MIC and MBC values of 88.55 μg / ml and 354.16, respectively. In fact, the presence of some bioactive compounds such as phenols and flavonoids in Pistacia vera L skin, with antimicrobial properties can have many applications in various industries such as food and pharmaceutical industries.Therefore, these important compounds can be obtained from wastes such as Pistacia vera L skin, which are produced in large quantities annually in the country, and can contribute to the economy of society.

Pistachio hull, a by-product of pistachio processing, is a source of environmental pollution and can cause the health problems. Therefore, it must be treated by proper, sanitary and economical manners. One of the basic parameters for compost valuation is determine the amount of heavy metals. The objective of the present study was to determiner the concentration of heavy metals (pb, Cd, cr, Zn, Ni, Cu ) in the compost produced from mixed pistachio hull and livestock and compare levels of heavy metals with the limits of international and internal standards. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional that in sampling was two-stage in September 2014 and October 2015. Among total from 2 composting pile, compound sampling based, 26 sample were selected. After digestion of the samples, the concentrations of metals (Pb ,Cd, Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni) by means of atomic absorption analysis and the concentration of a component in the sample based on mg/kg dw were reported. The results were analyzed by using Excel and SPSS software. The heavy metals examined in the composted pistachio hull mixed with livestock waste were as follows: pb as 67.09, Cr as 49.58 Cd as 2.84, Cu as 107.95, Zn as 188.24, Ni as 79.75 (mg/kg dw), respectively. Compare the average concentration of heavy metals in samples with Iran and EPA Astandrads showing concentrations of heavy metals in all samples (except metal cu) are less than the standard limit. Based on the results, compost produced from pistachio skin and livestock waste the of heavy metals hygienic standards adhered to and usability of its environmental objectives.

Nowadays given to the fact that a large volume of agricultural waste is produced annually in different parts of industry and agriculture and most of these wastes are abandoned or burned without any change in nature, the need to use and find the application of agricultural waste has become particularly important.   One of the agricultural products with about 40 % of the waste is pistachio. Therefore, in this study, phenolic compounds in pistachio hull were extracted using subcritical water (SCW), and radical scavenging, reduction power and induction period in edible soybean oil for extracts were measured. The extraction process by SCW was carried out in 120–180 °C with 1:20 (sample:solvent) ratio and constant pressure of 30 bar conditions, and the results were compared with the extract obtained by maceration. As a positive control, BHT, ascorbic acid, and alpha-tocopherol antioxidants were used to better compare the results. The results showed that the amount of phenolic compounds increased by increasing from the temperature from 120 to 150°C. The extract obtained from the maceration method had the highest concentration required for the reduction of 50% of trivalent iron ions to bivalent capacity. The extract obtained at 180°C using SCW had the same ability of BHT for stabilizing soybean oil as the synthetic antioxidant. The overall results indicated that the optimum temperature for the extraction of phenolic compounds from pistachio hull by SCW was 150°C, and radical scavenging ability and reduction power of the extracts had a good correlation with the total phenolic compounds.

Pistachio hull، a by-product of Pistachio processing، is a source of environmental pollution and can cause the health problems. Therefore، it must be treated by proper، sanitary and economical manners. The aim of this study is to determine the ability of composted pistachio hull and mixed of pistachio hull and broiler litter using compost maturity parameters. A cross-sectional study was carried out during September 2011 to March 2012 in Rafsanjan، southeast of Iran. The collected pist achio hulls were placed in two windrows، pistachio hull and pistachio hull mixed with broiler litter. The windrows were turned over manually at intervals of 7، 14، 21، 28، 35، 42، 70، 80، 110، and 120 days relative to the sampling time. Chemical parameters including pH، EC، water soluble carbon، carbon to nitrogen ratio were measured following every turn over. The chemical parameters examined in the composted pistachio hull and the composted pistachio hull mixed with broiler litter were as follows: the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) as 18. 71 ± 0. 14 and 11. 92 ± 0. 09، pH as 7. 93 ± 0. 03 and 8. 11 ± 0. 11، water soluble carbon (mg per g) as 7. 23 ± 0. 16 and 3. 81 ± 0. 29، respectively. According to the results، the composts of pistachio hull mixed with broiler litter are maturated within 70 days. As the quality of both composts is often in the range of the standard compost in Iran، both composting methods are recommended to maintain the environmental health of the region and avoid financial loss.

Postprandial hyperglycemia results in the development of chronic complications. Therefore, its control is critical in the treatment of diabetes. One of the main therapeutic approaches for reducing postprandial hyperglycemia is to reduce the absorption of carbohydrates by enzyme inhibitors such as Acarbose which have already been clinically used as a medicine for diabetic patients. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Zataria multiflora, Pistachio hulls, Myrtle leaves and Quercus infectoria which had inhibited alpha glucosidase (>90%) in our previous study were prepared by maceration method. Male wistar rats were divided into two, streptozotocin-induced diabetic group and non-diabetic group. Then each group subdivided into 6 groups of control receiving 2g/kg maltose, positive control receiving 2g/kg maltose as well as Acarbose and 4 other groups receiving 2g/kg maltose and one of the prepared extracts (1000mg/kg) after deprivation of food. Blood glucose level was measured before and 30, 60 and 120 min. after extract administration. In non-diabetic rats, Quercus infectoria and Myrtle extracts significantly reduced the postprandial glucose levels (60 and 50% respectively, P<0.0001) comparing to the control. The effect of Pistachio extract on reduction of blood glucose was not significant. Zataria multiflora extract had no significant effect (P>0.05) but showed a reveres effect on plasma glucose and remained at high level up to 60 minutes. Further studies must be done for proving the efficacy of Zataria multiflora and Quercus infectoria for hyperglycemic patients with uncontrolled diets