جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کاردیومیوپاتی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

NF-κB and Nrf2 are key regulators of oxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of regular aerobic exercise and melatonin on NF-κB and Nrf2 gene expression and oxidative stress markers in the heart tissue of diabetic male rats.

Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic + melatonin, diabetic + exercise, and diabetic + melatonin + exercise. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. Exercise groups underwent 42 days of treadmill running (15 m/min, 30 min/day). Melatonin (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 42 days. Heart tissue was analyzed for NF-κB and Nrf2 gene expression (real-time PCR) and oxidative stress markers (MDA and TAC, ELISA).

Combined aerobic exercise and melatonin significantly decreased NF-κB gene expression while increasing Nrf2 expression compared to the diabetic group. Moreover, MDA levels were reduced, and TAC levels were elevated in the treatment groups.

Aerobic exercise and melatonin supplementation synergistically ameliorated diabetic cardiomyopathy by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings suggest a potential preventive role for this combined intervention.

Exercise training has been suggested as a potential non-pharmacological strategy to prevent cardiovascular injuries. However, the role of exercise is controversial in preventing the progression of injuries caused by diabetic cardiomyopathy or their repairing. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training on left ventricular apoptotic and antioxidant indices in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model.

  Twenty-four male Wistar rats, 7-8 weeks of age, were randomly divided into two groups of normal diet (n = 8, ND) and high-fat diet (n = 16, HFD). The high-fat diet rats were given a free diet containing 55% fat for four weeks. For diabetes induction, 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) was injected intraperitoneally into obese rats. Diabetic rats were subdivided into two groups: control diabetic (n= 8, CD) and diabetic-training (n = 8, TD) groups. The training group performed aerobic exercises on a treadmill for four weeks. The normal diet and control diabetic groups did not receive any exercise training.

Diabetes caused left ventricular catalase activity (p=0.001) reduction and increased caspase-9 (p=0.001) and P53 (p=0.001). Exercise training increased the maximum oxygen consumption rate by 37% (p=0.003) in the diabetic rats. The TD group had lower HOMA-IR (p=0.01) and plasma glucose (p=0.003) than the CD group. Also, aerobic training increased catalase (p=0.01) but decreased caspase-9 (p=0.001) and P53 (p=0.005) in the diabetic rats.

Progressive aerobic exercise training can contribute to insulin resistance amelioration by increasing catalase activity and reducing apoptotic indices. Therefore, aerobic exercise training can be used as an effective non-pharmacological method of treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.

In this study, effects of digoxin on the cardiac electrophysiology and mechanical properties were examined in a rat model of heart failure induced by doxorubicin.

In order to induce heart failure, doxorubicin 5 mg/kg was injected to rat, i.p., once per week for 3 weeks. Heart failure was confirmed after 5 weeks, by measuring electrical, mechanical and histological changes in 12 isolated hearts. Isolated Langendorff perfused hearts were then treated with digoxin (0.1-80 µM) during a 60 min period and functional outcomes were assessed.

Effect of digoxin on the heart was biphasic. In concentrations below 80 µM (the first phase) digoxin significantly increased LVDP (left ventricular diastolic pressure) and RPP (heart rate × LVDP) .LVDP and RPP were also increased at the concentrations higher than 80 µM (the second phase). However, coronary flow, heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure and cardiac output were significantly decreased in the second phase.

Effects of digoxin on doxorubicin cardiomyopathy are biphasic. Electrical and functional changes in the second phase can be considered as an indicator of digoxin cardiotoxicity.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a form of dilated cardiomyopathy of unclear etiology affecting women without preexisting heart disease during the last month of pregnancy or the first 6 months postpartum. Most of the women present in the first month postpartum with typical heart failure symptoms such as dyspnea, lower extremity edema, and fatigue. These symptoms are often initially erroneously diagnosed as part of the normal puerperal process. Diagnosis can be aided by the finding of an echocardiography. The reported incidence of peripartum cardiomyopathy varies due to wide geographical variation, with reported incidences of 1:2289 to 1:4000 live births in the United States, 1:1000 in South Africa, 1:300 in Haiti, and 1:100 in Zaria and Nigeria. In this cross-sectional descriptive study in 2013, for all the pregnant women with the inclusion criteria who agreed to participate, a researcher-made questionnaire was filled and complete clinical examination including electrocardiography was done. For the patients who were hospitalized for cardiovascular reasons, echocardiography was done. During 1 year, in 8100 studied pregnancy, the incidence of peripartum cardiomyopathy was 1:2700 live births; one case tended to death. Cardiovascular disease in women of reproductive age and postpartum period is serious and need perfect cares.

Peripartum Cordiomyopathy is a disease of unknown cause during the last trimester of pregnancy or puerperium. Considering to new treatment in addition to conventional treatments of heart failure، in this report، a case of PeriPartumperiod heart failure is introduced. Case report: A 32 years old lady in 37th week of pregnancy referred with dyspnea NYHA Class III، and had no history of heart disease، and in examination، the lungs were clear and there was a systolic murmur III/IV in LV apex. Left Ventricular dysfunction was 25-30% with Right ventricular dysfunction. These findings were suggestive of PPCM. The patient underwent treatment of heart failure، but Exacerbated after delivery and underwent treatment with bromocriptine. After 1 year، symptoms improved and LVEF was 45-50% in re-echocardiography. Bromocriptine can be effective in improvement of ventricular function of patients with heart failure.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a relatively rare disease, which can cause devastating consequences; therefore it should be diagnosed correctly and treated promptly. The disease is still an important clinical problem, because only half of the patients or maybe a little more show recovery of left ventricular function, despite conventional treatment for heart failure. The etiology of this disease is still unknown and characterized by an acute development of left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure in the last month of pregnancy or within the first 5 months after delivery. The prognosis of this condition is very poor in some cases, so that it progresses to irreversible heart failure and heart transplantation or death. In the presented patient, fulminate onset and progression to cardiogenic shock and finally complete and rapid improvement was highly significant. Case Report: In this article, we report a 25-year-old woman with severe manifestations of heart failure, severe left ventricular dysfunction, and severe mitral regurgitation after cesarean section, who showed complete improvement with conventional treatment of heart failure and mechanical support.

This study was done to determine the frequency of cardiomyopathy related to Daunomycin in children and adolescents with improved acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its relationship with cardiac troponin-T and cumulative dose of drug. This cross sectional study was conducted on children and adolescents under age 18 years with improved acute lymphocytic leukemia disease (ALL) and a history of receiving daunomycin who referred to Al-zahra hospital, Iran. People with inclusion criteria based on cumulative dose of daunomycin were divided into two groups. First group of patients were those who received cumulative daunomycin dose fewer than 250 mg/m2 and second group with cumulative dose equal to or greater than 250 mg/m2. In all patients after obtaining consent and taking history, blood levels of cardiac-troponin-T and Shortening Fraction (FS) and Ejection Fraction (EF) indices was measured. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS. Among 55 patients treated with daunomycin, three patients were diagnosed with cardiomyopathy, all of which were in the second group (P < 0.048). The mean EF in the first group and second group were respectively 65.03+4.26 and 61.4+6.56 (P < 0.02). The mean SF in the first and second group were respectively 34.23+4.19 and 31.92+4 (P < 0.04). Cardiac troponin-T test result was positive in 4 patients from the second group but in the first group there were no positive tests (P < 0.037). There was no significant relationship between cardiomyopathy and increased level of cardiac troponin-T (P = 0.21). Acute lymphocytic leukemia patients treated with daunomycin were at risk for cardiac complications. It is recommended to avoid therapy with a dose more than 250 mg/m2. Since there was not any correlation between cardiac troponin-T level and cardiomyopathy, cardiac troponin-T can not be a reliable marker of delayed cardiotoxicity.

Friedreich ataxia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder that caused by the expansion of GAA trinucleotide repeat in the first intron of gene X25 (1). FA is characterized by progressive ataxia and deep tendon areflexia in the lower limbs, dysarthria, skeletal deformities, Cardiomyopathy, muscle weakness and diabetes mellitus may be also found. Cardiomyopathy occurs in almost patients with FA (2). Cardiomyopathy is the most cause of death in FA patients (3). Aim of present study was to evaluate the size of GAA repeat and it′s correlation with age at onset and cardiomyopathy in these patients. Long PCR testing subsequently confirmed the diagnosing of FA and by identification of GAA repeat, an inverse correlation between size of repeat and age at onset and cardiomyopathy was found.

Restrictive cardiomyopathy defined by increased ventricular wall stiffness and impaired LV filling and heart failure symptoms. This type of cardiomyopathy occurs with lower frequency relative to the dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. IRCM in 50% is idiopathic and in 50% is secondary to specific clinical disorders especially amyloidosis. Cardiac amyloidosis usually occurs during primary amyloidosis (AL type amyloidosis). Primary amyloidosis is often seen in people with multiple myelomacancer or in the in course of immunocytic dyscrasia. Disease process results from tissue deposition of proteins that have a unique secondary structure. Cardiac amyloidosis is an invariably progressive infiltrative cardiomyopathy that carries a grave prognosis we have presented a case of Cardiac amyloidosis which is a rare clinical disorder. Case report: The Present case was a 46 years old man who admitted for progressive dyspnea and congestive heart failure. Echocardiography revealed increased ventricular wall thickness with small size ventricles, enlarged atria, and a thickened intertribal septum and advanced diastolic dysfunction. Electrocardiography revealed low QRS voltage and normal sinus rhythm. Gingival Biopsy examined by congo Red staining and immunohistochemistry identified specific amyloid proteins. Pathology report confirmed amyloidosis. In patient complaining of progressive congestive heart failure and suspected to have restrictive cardiomyopathy, cardiac amyloidosis should be born in mind.

Heart Failure (HF) and Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCMP) are two common heart diseases among children. Carvedilol is the third generation of beta-blocker and although it has been approved in adults, very little is known about its safety, efficacy and dosing profile in children. This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Carvedilol in children with HF or DCMP. This is a randomized double-blind study. We studied 30 patients with HF or DCMP for 6 months. 16 patients (2 DCMP & 14 HF) underwent standard medical therapy in addition to Carvedilol and the remained ones (2 DCMP&12 HF) received the same regimen, except the placebo instead of Carvedilol. We visited all patients on a monthly basis program and echocardiographically, evaluated them for their systolic function indices including LVEF (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction), EPSS (E Point Septal Separation), LVESV (Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume) and LVEDV (Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume). Data were analyzed by t-test & Mann-Whitney test. After 6 months of therapy, most of systolic function indices showed a more significant improvement in the Carvedilol group, including increase of LVEF (P=0.033) and decrease of EPSS (P=0.008) & LVESV (P=0.019). No significant side-effects were observed in our patients. Pearson correlation coefficient between some variables showed further improvement of LVEF & EPSS in males. Also, response of cardiomyopathic patients to Carvedilol was more than patients with heart failure. The Carvedilol is an effective and safe remedy for treatment of children with HF and DCMP.