جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "25" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Based on a possible association between thyroid function or serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and perinatal psychological symptoms, this study examined the potential link between antenatal depression and thyroid function or vitamin D level in the population of Shiraz city.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on mothers, who were under prenatal care at a teaching hospital in Shiraz, during year 2015. Evaluation of depression was performed by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS). Eligible pregnant females aged ≥ 18 and at 26 to 28 weeks of gestation were passed to the laboratory to offer a blood sample to determine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, TSH, FT4, and TPOAb. Finally, data from 184 pregnant females was analyzed.
The mean depression score was 9.19 ± 4.44, with a median value of 9.50, and mode value of 13. Overall, 52 mothers (28.3%) had depression (depression score > 12). The mothers with and without depression were not different in relation to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, TSH, FT4, and TPOAb levels. No association was established between thyroid function and antenatal depression with a binary logistic regression analysis. Also, vitamin D deficient mothers did not have more chance of being depressed. No correlation was detected between thyroid function and vitamin D levels.
Based on the current findings, no association was observed between antenatal depression and thyroid function or vitamin D deficiency.

Statement of the Problem: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a population of highly proliferative cells, being capable of differentiating into osteogenic, odontogenic, adipocytes, and neural cells. Vitamin D3 metabolites such as 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 are key factors in the regulation of bone metabolism.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining) of stem cells of exfoliated deciduous teeth.
Dental pulp was removed from freshly extracted primary teeth and immersed in a digestive solution. Then, the dental pulp cells were immersed in α-MEM (minimum essential medium) to which 10% fetal bovine serum was added. After the third passage, the cells were isolated from the culture plate and were used for osteogenic differentiation. As a control group, the cells were cultured in osteogenic cell culture medium. As the case group, the cells were cultured in osteogenic culture medium supplemented with 100 nM 1α,25 (OH)2D3. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining were analyzed to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation at day 21. The results were analyzed by using t-test.
Compared with the control group, significant increase was observed in ALP activity of SHEDs after being treated with 1α,25(OH)2D3 (p= 0.002). Alizarin red staining demonstrated that the cells exposed to 1α,25(OH)2D3 induced higher mineralized nodules (p Osteoblast differentiation in SHEDs was stimulated by 1α,25(OH) 2D3. It can be concluded that 1α,25(OH)2D3 can improve osteoblastic differentiation.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a condition with recurrent attacks in a significant proportion of patients. The present case- control study was conducted to assess the influence of serum vitamin D normalization on recurrent attacks of vitamin D deficient patients.
Diagnosis of BPPV was made based on history and clinical examination and exclusion of other conditions. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) was measured using ELISA method and a levels of Twenty-seven patients were allocated to each group. At baseline, serum 25-OHD was similar (10.7±2.3 vs 11.41±1.9, P=0.23). At month 2, serum 25-OHD in the treatment group increased significantly to ≥ 30 ng/ ml, whereas serum 25-OHD in the control group remained unchanged (34.2±3.3 vs 10.6 10.6±2.2 ng/ml, P=0.001). During the follow-up period, attacks of BPPV in the treatment group decreased significantly compared with the control group (14.8% vs 96.3% OR= 0.18, P=0.001).
The findings of this study indicate that the normalization of serum vitamin D significantly reduces BPPV recurrences.

There is biologic and clinical evidence that links vitamin D deficiency to pre-eclampsia. The Vitamin D receptor is present in the placenta, cardiovascular system, and lymphocytes. It has anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory, and anti-hypertensive properties and facilitates placental implantation. Each of these processes is involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia..
The main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and severe pre-eclampsia in a population residing in southern Iran that is generally known to have a high prevalence of vitamin deficiency. As a second objective, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women was investigated..
Patients and We conducted a case-control study of 59 patients with severe preeclampsia and 217 controls, all of whom were from southern Iran. Cases and controls were matched for age, body mass index, and gestational age. The study was carried out in autumn and winter. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured using high performance liquid chromatography, and the results were compared between the two groups..
Almost all controls and patients had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below normal, and 69% had levels below 10 ng/mL. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the patient and control groups were 8.4 (6.2) and 8.5 (6.9) ng/ml (P = 0.80), respectively. The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D had no significant association with subjects’ body mass index or age..
Pregnant women in our region have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and in a population with severe vitamin D deficiency, there is no significant correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and preeclampsia. Severe deficiency masks any possible association in a case-control study. Controlled trials with vitamin D supplementation are recommended for further studies..

25-hydroxy vitamin D3 is recognized to be an essential element for healthy body; however, its deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases. Thyroid disease is common in the general population that its prevalence increases proportional to age. Subjects with poorly controlled diabetes, with or without its complications, may experience some changes in their thyroid function tests. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between thyroid hormones, vitamin D3 and fasting blood glucose (FBS) level during summer and winter in nondiabetic adults.
A total of 1093 Caucasian adults without diabetes were chosen for study. The serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, thyroxin (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and FBS were measured in these samples and the association of these factors during summer and winter were evaluated.
The study results demonstrated a significant association in T4 and TSH with 25-hydroxy vitamin D3. The significantly lower serum level of T4 and no significant difference in TSH level were determined in impaired fasting glucose subjects as compared to normal fasting glucose subjects. No significant association was detected between serum level of 25(OH) D3, TSH, T4 and FBS in winter and summer.
25-hydroxy vitamin D3 may play a role on thyroid hormone regulation. In addition, thyroid hormones can affect FBS level. As a result, lifestyle and diet may have possible effects on thyroid hormones and blood glucose regulation.

Sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy is a safe and effective method for treatment of IgE-mediated respiratory allergies; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study was planned to test whether sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) can exert epigenetic mechanisms through which the airway allergic responses can be extinguished. BALB/c mice were sensitized intraperitoneally and challenged intranasally. Then, they received sublingual treatment with recombinant Che a 2 (rChe a 2), a major allergen of Chenopodium album. After SLIT, allergen-specific antibodies in sera, cytokine profiles of spleen cell cultures, mRNA and protein expression of lung-derived IL-33, IL-25, and TSLP (thymic stromal lymphopoietin), and histone modifications of these three genes were assessed. Following Immunotherapy, systemic immune responses shifted from Th2 to Th1 profile as demonstrated by significant decrease in IgE and IL-4 and substantial increase in IgG2a and IFN-γ. At local site, mRNA and protein levels of lung-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-33 and TSLP were markedly down-regulated following SLIT that was associated with marked enrichment of trimethylated lysine 27 of histone H3 at promoter regions of these two cytokines. In our study, sublingual immunotherapy with recombinant allergen effectively attenuated allergic immune responses, at least partly, by induction of distinct histone modifications at specific loci. Additionally, the lung-derived pro-allergic cytokines IL-33 and TSLP could be promising mucosal candidates for either monitoring allergic conditions or therapeutic approaches.

There are few studies on the vitamin D status in preeclamptic women. The objective of this case-control study was to determine vitamin D status, in preeclamptic women and compare it with that of healthy pregnant controls. Forty preeclamptic women, aged 18 to 45yr and forty age- and pregnancy weight-matched healthy controls participated in the study. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were meas­ured and its levels of <10, 10-30, 30-90 and >90 nanogram per milliliter (ng/ml) were considered as vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, sufficiency, and toxicity, respectively. Sixty and forty percent of preeclamptic women were vitamin D deficient and insufficient, while in the control group they were 10% and 90%, respectively. No significant difference was found in the median intake of vitamin D between preeclamptic and non preeclamptic women (1.45 and 1.20µg/day respectively), but serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in preeclamptic cases compared to controls (10.09 ± 6.66 and 15.73 ± 5.85ng /ml respectively, P= 0.002). Vitamin D deficiency is common among preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic pregnant women in the north-west of Iran. Preeclampsia can cause decreasing of serum level of 25(OH)D.

The main aim of this study was to compare serum level of 25- hydroxyl vitamin D [25(OH) D] between women with preeclampsia and normal individuals and birth outcomes. This cross sectional study was conducted on 650 normal primigravida women in their first 24–28 weeks of pregnancy. After 3 months of follow-up, serum levels of 25(OH) D and calcium were measured in 38 preeclampsia women (case) and in 38 normal pregnant (control). In addition, APGAR scores and newborn parameters were evaluated in infants of two groups. Preeclampsia was shown in about 5.84% (38 women) of pregnancies. Comparison of 25(OH) D levels between two main groups showed no significant differences (P> 0.05). Also, the calcium level was lower in preeclampsia women than the normal women (P<0.05). The results revealed a significant correlation between neonatal two groups with regards to gestational age, birth weight, birth length, head circumference and Apgar score in the first minute of birth. Although the difference of 25(OH) D levels between preeclampsia and healthy wom­en is not significant, lower levels of serum calcium were associated with preeclampsia. Also, the newborn parameters improved in the neonates of the control group in comparison to those of the preeclampsia group. This difference might have resulted from mothers’ different health statuses.

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is a global health problem. The importance of this problem is doubled in growing children because of their increased need for skeletal growth. This investigation was performed firstly to assess vitamin D status, and secondly to examine its possible relationship with sex, residing area and duration of sun exposure in 9-12 years old children of Tehran. We studied 257 randomly selected children out of 1111 children of a huge study, titled “Vitamin D and Calcium Deficiency Prevalence of Tehran’s Elementary School Children (VDPT)”, performed in fall and winter 2008 in Tehran. The children were without the history of diabetes, allergy or autoimmune disease, and any calcium, vitamin D and fish oil supplement use during the last three months. Venous blood samples were taken, and the sera were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for measuring 25-hydroxycalciferol (25(OH)D). The participating children comprised of 53.7% girls and 46.3% boys from different economical areas of Tehran (40.5% poor, 26% middle and 33.5% rich). Their mean age was 10.1±0.7 years, mean duration of sun exposure was 41.2±34.6 min/day, and mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 21.9±15.6 nmol/L. Duration of sun exposure was not significantly different either between boys and girls (p=0.220), among different residing areas (p= 0.057), or between the girls and boys of different areas. The occurrence of vitamin D deficiency was 72.4% (n=186). Vitamin D status was significantly different between boys and girls (p= 0.01) and among the areas (P= 0.004). There was no significant relation between poor vitamin D status and duration of sun exposure (p=0.411). The findings showed a noticeable occurrence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency among 9-12 years old children in Tehran. The data warrants urgent interventions.

There is accumulating evidence for a possible protective role of vitamin D in the development and disease course of multiple sclerosis. Whether vitamin D is also effective in treating patients with optic neuritis (ON) is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral vitamin D on the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in vitamin D deficient patients with ON by optical coherence tomography. A Phase II placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial conducted between July 2011 and November 2012 included 52 patients with confirmed unilateral ON aged 15-38 years and low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The main outcome measures were changes in thickness of RNFL and macula 6 months after treatment. Patients were randomly allocated to receive 6 months of treatment with adding either 50,000 IU/ week vitamin D or placebo. In the 27 patients treated with vitamin D, the mean (standard deviation [SD]) thickness of RNFL decreased from 111.3 (18.9) μm at baseline to 91.4 (13.3) at the end of study period (P < 0.001). Correspondingly, in the 25 patients treated with placebo, the mean (SD) thickness of RNFL decreased from 11. (21.5) μm at baseline to 96.1 (12.3) at the end of study period (P < 0.01). In both groups, the mean thickness of the macula did not changed (P > 0.05). Average thickness of RNFL at the end of trial did not differ between groups. Adding vitamin D to routine disease therapy had no significant effect on the thickness of RNFL or macula in patients with ON. This trial is registered on www.clinicaltrials. gov (ID NCT01465893).

Given the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with insulin resistance syndrome as the component of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the main aim of this study was to compare serum level of 25- hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] between PCOS patients and normal individuals. A cross sectional study was conducted to compare 25(OH)D level between117 normal and 125 untreated PCOS cases at our clinic in Arash Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during 2011-2012. The obtained levels of 25(OH)D were classified as follows: lower than 25 nmol/ml as severe deficiency, between 25-49.9 nmol/ml as deficiency, 50-74.9 nmol/ml as insufficiency, and above 75 nmol/ml asnormal. In addition, endocrine and metabolic variables were evaluated. Among PCOS patients, our findings shows 3(2.4%) normal, 7(5.6%) with insufficiency, 33(26.4%) with deficiency and 82(65.6%) with severe deficiency, whereas in normal participants, 5(4.3%) normal, 4(3.4%) with insufficiency, 28(23.9%) with deficiency and 80(68.4%) with severe deficiency. Comparison of 25(OH)D level between two main groups showed no significant differences (p= 0.65). Also, the calcium and 25(OH)D levels had no significant differences in patients with overweight (p=0.22) and insulin resistance (p=0.64). But we also found a relationship between 25(OH)D level and metabolic syndrome (p=0.01). Furthermore, there was a correlation between 25(OH)D and body mass index (BMI) in control group (p=0.01), while the C-reactive protein (CRP) level was predominantly higher in PCOS group (p<0.001). Although the difference of 25(OH)D level between PCOS and healthy women is not significant, the high prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency is a real alarm for public health care system and may influence our results.

This study aimed to determine the association of serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with measures of general and abdominal obesity in Iranian adolescents. This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted among 1090 students, aged 10-18 years, living in 27 provinces in Iran. Serum concentration of 25(OH)D was analyzed quantitatively by direct competitive immunoassay chemiluminescence method. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were considered as measures of generalized and abdominal obesity, respectively. Study participants consisted of 1090 adolescents (51.9% boy and 67.1% urban residents) with mean age, BMI, and waist circumference of 14.7 (2.6) years, 19.3 (4.2) kg/m2, and 67.82 (12.23) cm, respectively. The median serum 25(OH)D was 13.0 ng/mL (interquartile range: 20.6). Overall, 40% of participants were Vitamin D deficient, and 39% were Vitamin D insufficient. Serum 25(OH)D level was not associated with BMI and WHtR. We did not document any significant association between serum 25(OH)D level and anthropometric measures in adolescents. This finding may be because of considerably high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the study population.

It is estimated that one third of the world’s population were infected with M. tuberculosis, but only 10% of them have developed in to disease form. This subject refers to differences in host immune system activity against the tuberculosis. Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) are important factors in the host innate immune system against the tuberculosis. In the present study VDR gene polymorphisms and its relationship with plasma vitamin D levels in susceptibility to tuberculosis have been investigated. The subjects were 84 patients with tuberculosis and 90 healthy controls. Vitamin D levels were measured in all study participants. DNA was isolated from the blood leukocytes of all groups and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was performed on each PCR products to study the VDR gene polymorphisms. The statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS. There was no statistically significant relationship between polymorphisms of FokI, BsmI, ApaI and TaqI in VDR gene and susceptibility to tuberculosis. Vitamin D deficiency and susceptibility to tuberculosis were closely related (95% CI -0.08 – 4.7, P = 0.059). Also the relationship between plasma vitamin D levels and frequency of FokI-ff gene polymorphism was significant in all study participants (P = 0.045). When the genotype frequencies of VDR gene polymorphisms were analyzed with respect to plasma vitamin D levels, a significant association was seen. As an enhancement in plasma vitamin D levels in individuals (with FokI-ff genotype and low levels of vitamin D) may protect them against active tuberculosis.