جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "adaptive" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Drug abuse, as one of the chronic psychiatric diseases, has become one of the major problems in societies today. The aim of this study is to comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and metacognitive therapy on substance craving in patients with methadone usage care. The present study conducted a semi-test scheme of pre - test and post- test type with a three-month follow-up test with control group. The sample consisted of 60 patients receiving treatment for methadone therapy patients with methadone treatment centers for the second six months of this year, and were randomly assigned to two test groups (experimental group based on acceptance and commitment and metacognitive experimental group) and an alternative control group. Data were collected. It was also used to treat attachment and treatment of metacognitive to carry out the intervention. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS-24 software. The results showed that the acceptance and commitment therapy and metacognitive therapy are effective in reducing craving in patients with methadone usage care (p<0.01). As evidenced by research findings, it can be concluded that the acceptance and commitment therapy is more effective than metacognitive therapy in reducing cravings in substance use disorder patients with methadone usage care.

The COVID‑19 has become an important health issue in the world and has endangered human health. The purpose of this research is to use an intelligent system model of adaptive neuro‑fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) using twelve variables of input for the diagnosis of COVID‑19. The evaluation of the model was performed using the information of 500 patients referred to and suspected of the COVID‑19. Three hundred and fifty people were used as training data and 150 people were used as test and validation data. Information on 12 important parameters of COVID‑19 such as fever, cough, headache, respiratory rate, Ct‑chest, medical history, skin rash, age, family history, loss of olfactory sensation and taste, digestive symptoms, and malaise was also reported in patients with severe disease. ANFIS identified COVID‑19 in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with more than 95%, 94%, and 95%, respectively, which indicates the high efficiency of the system in the correct diagnosis of individuals. The proposed system accurately detected more than 95% COVID‑19 as well as mild, moderate, and acute severity. Due to the time‑constraint, limitations, and error of COVID‑19 diagnostic tools, the proposed system can be used in high‑precision primary detection, as well as saving time and cost.

Studies on the efficacy of adaptive e-learning in dentistry are limited. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of linear and adaptive electronic continuing medical education (CME) courses about dental bleaching.

This quasi-experimental study using a post-test control group design evaluated the efficacy of an electronic CME course on dental bleaching offered to 60 dentists who were non-randomly allocated in two linear and adaptive groups (n = 30). One training session was held for participants of both the intervention and the control groups. At the end of the course, the learners participated in a post-test and completed a satisfaction questionnaire. SPSS 23 was used to analyze the results. An independent t test was used to assess the effect of type of intervention on the outcome of education, and Pearson’s chi-square test was applied to assess the effect of the intervention on participants’ satisfaction.

The mean post-test scores of participants were 6.33 ± 1.47 for the linear group and 6.40 ± 2.31 for the adaptive group. The mean satisfaction scores of participants were 4.02 ± 0.53 for the linear group and 4.15 ± 0.42 for the adaptive group. According to an independent t-test, the two groups were not significantly different in terms of post-test score (P = 0.7) or level of satisfaction (P = 0.2).

The adaptive approach has considerable advantages and comparable efficacy to the linear method in terms of post-test score and self-reported knowledge and satisfaction of participants. Thus, this method of education may be as effective as the linear method for instruction in dental bleaching. The use of an adaptive approach is therefore recommended in educational curricula.

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis characterized by red, tender, hot and tumid joints. The
development cause and process of gout is very sophisticated; recent studies,
notwithstanding, have offered novel perspectives on the mechanism from an
immunological viewpoint. The pathological process of gout involves both innate and
adaptive immune responses. Other studies have demonstrated that gout development is
associated with the presence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals which serve as a
“danger signal” affecting certain immune cells, cytokine production, and effector
molecule expression, triggering both types of immune responses. Different cell subsets,
cytokines, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and the inflammasome have had
noticeable effects on the pathogenesis of gout. In the present review, we discuss the
contributions of MSU-mediated immune responses in gout, which helps to better
understand the mechanism of gout development.