جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « angiostrongylus cantonensis » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a parasitic nematode that typically inhabits the pulmonary arteries of rats but can also reside in the central nervous systems of rats and mollusks. Humans can become infected with A. cantonensis by eating infected hosts or consuming contaminated food, especially if it is raw or undercooked. This infection can lead to various neurological symptoms, including neuropathic pain, which is often an early indication of the condition. In this report, we present a case in which the patient experienced neuropathic pain as the initial clinical manifestation of A. cantonensis infection.

We present a rare case of a 27-year-old female who required intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring due to heavy sedation after receiving high doses of sedative-analgesics for back pain. The patient reported experiencing severe, slow-progressing low back pain radiating to her arms and legs. The pain was described as sharp, tingling, and numbing, severely limiting her movements. To manage the pain, a combination of morphine, intermittent fentanyl, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, duloxetine, and pregabalin was administered. Consequently, the patient had to be intubated due to the effects of the analgesics.During the first two weeks in the ICU, diagnosis proved challenging as the MRI was normal and the initial lumbar puncture revealed only an eosinophilic infection. However, during a follow-up lumbar puncture, multiple parasites were discovered in the cerebrospinal fluid, which were identified as A. cantonensis . The patient remains on a ventilator as the infection has affected the spinal nerve roots, cord, meninges, and brain. We explore the crucial role of ICU care in providing both supportive and definitive treatment for this patient.

This report underscores the critical role of the ICU in providing care for a patient with a progressively deteriorating condition without an initial definitive diagnosis. The ICU's ability to deliver optimal pain relief and sedation, advanced monitoring, and prompt therapy for deteriorating symptoms was of utmost significance. Furthermore, the multidisciplinary team in the ICU was instrumental in managing the continuum of care for the patient.

The pathogen of angiostrongyliasis is the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and the transcriptome profiling of the male adult was unclear. We aimed to understand how the male adults adapt, so the expression profile of A. cantonensis adult males was analyzed.

In order to improve the understanding of the transcriptome of adult males, RNA from three groups of male adult A. cantonensis was extracted and reverse transcribed to construct cDNA libraries. After sequencing, annotation of unigenes and transcripts was performed by querying the NR (Non-Redundant Protein Sequence Database), GO (Gene Ontology) and COG/ KOG (Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins/euKaryotic Ortholog Groups) databases.

For each group of adults, 43,260,894 raw reads and 43,200,341 clean reads were obtained. After successful assembly, 87,649 unigenes and 146,895 transcripts were obtained. Annotation of the unigenes and transcripts was identical and male adults expressed a series of genes encoding proteins specific to the male gender at the adult stage, such as proteins involved in energy metabolism, energy synthesis and transport. Expression of the ribosome pathway suggests a relationship with the physical activities during the adult male stage.

The transcriptome analysis is a good reference to understand further the expression profile of male adult A. cantonensis.

To report the clinical course and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of ocular angiostrongyliasis.

A 36‑year‑old female with a history of ingesting regular raw freshwater shrimp and other raw food presented with acute unilateral painless visual loss in the right eye. Her right eye’s best‑corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1 ft of the count finger. Fundus examination showed vitritis, generalized retinal pigment epithelial alteration, and a moving roundworm in the vitreous at the 6 o’clock position. Macular OCT of her right eye showed thinning of the retina, loss of the external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone, subretinal hyper‑reflective material clumping, and hyper‑reflective foci at the superficial choroidal layer.

The patient was administered oral and topical prednisolone. The roundworm, identified as Angiostrongylus cantonensis, was wholly extracted from the vitreous using a 23G sclerotomy port and pars plana vitrectomy. The final BCVA was 1 ft of the count finger.

This case report describes an infrequent presentation and illustrates the clinical course and OCT findings of ocular angiostrongyliasis.

To explore the transcriptome profiling of the fourth-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis.

Two groups of fourth-stage larvae were collected to extract total RNA in Zhejiang, China 2020. Then, mRNA was separated and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Next-generation sequencing was used to explore the transcriptome information. Finally, to obtain the biological annotation information, the transcriptome information was run against the related databases, including Nr, GO, COG, KOG and ORF.

Overall, 128667 unigenes and 193059 transcripts were obtained. The Nr annotations of unigenes and transcripts showed that A. cantonensis was the 5th and 4th most related species, respectively. Meanwhile, the annotation of unigenes and transcripts by querying GO, COG, KOG and ORF showed that L4 was extremely active in gene expression, concerning signal transduction, transcription, posttranslational modification, metabolism, etc.

The fourth-stage larvae of A. cantonensis have their own profiling in the transcriptome, which is related to signal transduction, transcription, posttranslational modification, metabolism, etc.

The adult stage is an important period in the life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, as it is at this stage that male and female worms produce thousands of fertilized eggs daily.

To explore the transcriptional details of adult male and female A. cantonensis, three groups of male and female adult worms were collected, and their transcriptome profiles were analyzed using an Illumina next-generation sequencing platform. A total of 283,910,174 clean reads were obtained, and 137,626 unigenes and 237,059 transcripts were then generated. Unigenes were successfully annotated by querying the Gene Ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), NCBI non-redundant protein sequences (NR), PFAM, STRING, and SWISS-PROT databases. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 2 genders were identified. The GO and KEGG databases were used for DEG annotation, and a number of DEG annotations were enriched.

The results obtained from querying DEGs using the GO and KEGG databases revealed that male and female adult worms exhibited differences in metabolism and production. Protein phosphorylation, ion transport, and calcium transport were all significantly enriched according to GO annotation. A number of other pathways were also enriched according to KEGG enrichment annotation, including the pentose phosphate pathway, nitrogen metabolism, oocyte meiosis pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway etc.

We hypothesized that the nervous system of the worm plays a key role in the physiological regulation of adult A. cantonensis, and based on this, the function of the calcium-signaling pathway should be investigated.

Multicellular parasites Angiostrogylus cantonensis larvae develop in the final host rat brain at the fourth stage (L4) and migrate to the lungs by the adult stage. The potential mechanism of its blood-brain barrier (BBB) passage remains unclear.

By using Illumina Hiseq/Miseq sequencing, we obtained the transcriptomes of 3 groups of adult males and 3 groups of female of A. cantonensis to generate similarly expressed genes (SEGs) between 2 genders at the adult stage. Next 2 groups of L4 expressed genes were used to compared with SEGs to create differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 2 life stages to unlock potential mechanism of BBB passage.

In total, we obtained 381 581 802 clean reads and 56 990 699 010 clean bases. Of these, 331 803 unigenes and 482 056 transcripts were successfully annotated. A total of 3 166 DEGs between L4 and adults SEGs were detected. Annotation of these DEGs showed 167 were down-regulated and 181 were up-regulated. Pathway analysis exhibited that calcium signaling pathway, the ECM−receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and cysteine and methionine metabolism were highly associated with DEGs. The function of these pathways might be related to BBB traversal, as well as neuro-regulation, interactions between parasite and host, environmental adaption.

This study expanded the regulatory characteristics of the two important life stages of A. cantonensis. This information may provide a better appreciation of the biological features of the stages of the parasitic A. cantonensis.

Pomacea canaliculata (P.canaliculata) lung nodules, were commonly caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection. Here, we found a new nodule type without any parasites. Overall, 447 P. canaliculata snails were collected in Ning Bo, Zhe Jiang, China in 2018. In order to exhibit the similarities and differences between two nodules types (2018, Huzhou Zhejiang, China), both types were collected in formalin for tissue pathological sectioning. Besides, to obtain the microbial community of the new nodule, the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of it was amplified and analyzed using the Illumina second-generation sequencing platform. Although two nodules were found in the lungs of P. canaliculata, they were different in shape and pathology. Illumina sequencing indicated Poterioochromonas sp., a species of golden algae, might be the causing agent of the new nodule. We firstly found a new pathological nodule type in the lungs of P. canaliculata, and this nodule might be induced by golden algae infection, however, the direct link between the golden algae and the new nodules, as well as the nodules’ impact on the snails’ physiology and A. cantonensis infection require further study.