جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "antiseptics" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Inappropriate use of disinfectants is one of the causes of the spread of nosocomial infections. This study was performed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of the staff in some hospitals in Yazd regarding the use of disinfectants.

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was performed on 181 employees of four educational hospitals related to Yazd university of medical sciences. Sampling was done by random sampling. Data gathering tool in this study was a demographic questionnaire, a researcher-made questionnaire for measuring knowledge, attitude and practice. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 at a significant level, P= 0˂0.05.

The results showed that there is no significant relationship between any of the main variables in the research and demonstrates that all variables are independent of each other (p>/05) On the other hand, the results of this study showed that there is no significant difference between knowledge of men and women and their performance in relation to use disinfectants (p :/.614) While the women's attitudes toward disinfestation were higher than men's (p :/.26).

The findings of this study showed that the state of knowledge, attitude and practice of the staff are not in good condition .Therefore, it is suggested that hospital managers plan to improve the level of employee information for using disinfectants to provide the safer environment.

Viruses are important causes of acute and chronic diseases in humans. Newer viruses are still being discovered. Apart from frequently causing infections in the general community, many types of viruses are significant nosocomial pathogens that with emerging viruses has become a real issue in medical field. There are specific treatments, vaccine and physical barrier to fight some of these infections. Health care-associated viral infections are an important source of patient’s morbidity and mortality. The method of sterilization or disinfection depends on the intended use of the medical devices (comprising critical, semicritical and noncritical items) and failure to perform proper sterilization or disinfection of these items may leads to introduction of viruses, resulting in infection. Disinfection is an essential way in reducing or disruption of transmission of viruses by environmental surfaces, instruments and hands which achieves by chemical disinfectants and antiseptics, respectively. This review discusses about chemical agents with virocids properties (e.g. alcohols, chlorine compounds, formaldehyde, phenolic compounds, glutaraldehyde, ortho-phthaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, iodophor, ammonium compounds quaternary, bigunides and so on.), mechanisms of action and their applications in health care-associated viral infection control. As well as, we described an overview for hierarchy of viruses in challenge with disinfantans, effective agents on viral inactivation, i.e.targect viruses, viral stability or survival duration time in enviromental surfaces and hands. We explained disinfection of surfaces, challenges in emerging viral pathogens inactivation, viral resistance to chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. Because, there are laboratory studies and clinical evidences for some viruses which viral resistance to biocide or failure to perform proper disinfection can lead to infection outbreaks. Also, we described virucidal properties of antiseptics and introduced selected antiseptics with extensive virucidal action, because hands play an important role in the spread of many viral diseases, and regular proper hands hygiene is essential to decontaminate hands and can interrupt the spread of viruses. Here, we compared the currently available laboratory methods, standard methods from many countries and kinds of viruses in these methods for evaluation of virocide activity. Finally, it’s good to know: any disinfectant is not virocide unless it confirms by laboratory methods.

Nosocomial infection is the cause of deaths، morbidity، higher costs and increased length of stay in hospitals. Correct and appropriate use of antiseptic and disinfectants play an important role in reducing infections. In this study the efficacy of antiseptics on bacteria causing hospital infections has been studied. This study was conducted in the laboratory of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Uremia. In this study the Antimicrobial activity of Descocid، Korsolex basic، Mikrobac forte and persidin 1% was studied against bacteria causing hospital infections such as Enterobacter aeruginosa 1221 (NCTC 10006)، Staphylococcus epidermidis (PTCC: 1435 (Cip81. 55) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain PAO1. Sensitivities of bacteria were determined by Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal Concentration (MBC) antiseptics. In the second stage، the concentration of antiseptics was prepared according to the manufacturer''s suggested protocol and the effect of antimicrobial agents were studied at the certain concentration and contact time. All disinfectants (Descocid، Korsolex basic، Mikrobac forte) concentration and contact time، Accordance with the manufacturer''s brochure، had inhibitory effect on all bacteria. That this is consistent with the manufacturer''s brochure. Persidin one percent in concentration of from 2 and 4 V/V % and exposure time 5 minutes could not inhibit the growth of bacterial. But at concentrations of 10 and 20% respectively 15 and 30 minutes exposure time، all three types of bacteria can be inhibited، which is consistent with the manufacturer''s claims. In this study، the efficacy of antiseptics was determined with the Micro-dilution method recommended by the NCCLS. Korsolex basic، weakest antiseptics (the highest MIC) for the inhibition of three bacteria was determined. But Between all four antiseptics (according to manufacturer concentration)، Only one percent Percidine 2 and 4 V/V % in consumer dilution and 5 minutes exposure time failed to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa، Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter aeruginosa.

One of the major causes of increasing nosocomial infections is misusing disinfectants and antiseptics in hospitals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of disinfectants and antiseptics using in injections and dressing wards, operation rooms and kitchen of Hamedan hospitals. In this study 742 samples were collected before and after disinfections from different parts of injection, dressing wards and operation rooms. Disinfectants and antiseptics that were used in different parts of wards were Halamide, Beh-Assa, Kereoeline, Formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde, Chlorhexidine, Hygiene, Savlone, Alcohol 70% and UV ray. The efficacy of disinfectants that were prepared in hospitals and medical microbiology laboratory of medicine faculty was evaluated. The efficacy of disinfectants and antiseptics were tested on Staphylococcus and E. coli by disk diffusion method. Data was gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using K2 and Mann-Whitney methods. From 742 samples, 308 positive cultures (41.6%) were detected. The frequency mean of the contamination before disinfection was 50.1% and after disinfection was 33.8%. From 308 positive cultures in two hospitals, 173 (56.2%) gram negative bacteria and 135 (43.8%) gram positive bacteria were isolated. The most effective disinfectants that were used in two hospitals were Glutaraldehyde 2%, Formaldehyde 8%, Chlorhexidine 1%, Savlone 3.2%. The lowest effective disinfectants were Beh-Assa 1%, Kereoeline 2.5%, and Alcohol 70%. The frequency mean of contamination before UV ray disinfection was 51.4% and after disinfection was 48.6%, which indicate no significant difference. Disinfectants and antiseptics that were prepared in hospitals and those that prepared in medical microbiology laboratory showed minor differences. In this study, the frequency mean of contamination before and after disinfections showed significant differences (P-value=0/001). So, the efficacy of disinfectants used in the two hospitals was satisfactory. However, disinfectants that were prepared in hospitals and those that prepared in medical microbiology laboratory showed minor differences. Therefore, it is suggested that the disinfectants and antiseptics which are used in hospitals should be prepared under supervision of hospital health experts.