جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "asthma" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Background
Adherence to treatment and regular physical activity in individuals with asthma will culminate in favorable clinical outcomes, including an effective disease management and an improved quality of life.
ObjectivesThe present study aimed to determine the physical activity level and association with adherence to treatment and quality of life in individuals with asthma.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 505 individuals referring to the respiratory ward of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Zanjan, Iran. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the socio-demographic information form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ), Modanloo Adherence to Treatment Questionnaire (MATQ), and the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS software version 16.
ResultsThe majority of participants were male (57.2%) with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 66.35 (15.33) years. The physical activity level of the majority of participants was vigorous (43.4%). The mean (SD) total scores for adherence to treatment and quality of life were 120.83 (8.92) and 35.42 (5.02), respectively. According to the findings, physical activity had no statistically significant association with adherence to treatment (p=0.535) and quality of life (p=0.173).
ConclusionIn the present study, physical activity level was vigorous in asthmatic participants. Adherence to treatment among participants was at a good level, and quality of life was at a moderate level. Therefore, the design of supportive educational interventions is recommended to improve quality of life and promote lifestyle modification in individuals with asthma.
Keywords: Physical Activity, Adherence To Treatment, Quality Of Life, Asthma -
Background
Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases. Hyssopus officinalis L. is a medicinal herb that has shown anti-asthmatic effects and has also been recommended in Persian Medicine literature for its treatment. In this study, the efficacy of hyssop in mild to moderate asthma was investigated considering the patients' phenotype (having productive/non-productive cough).
Materials and MethodsIn a randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled trial, 60 mild-to-moderate asthmatic patients were randomized to receive either hyssop syrup (5 ml twice daily containing 6g Hyssopus officinalis L. extract) or plain sugar syrup (5 ml twice daily) for 4 weeks as an adjuvant to routine treatment. Outcome measures were the Asthma Control Test (ACT), pulmonary function tests, Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR3), and wheezing severity.
ResultsThe patients with productive cough in the hyssop group showed significant improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), ACT (at the 4th week), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory flow rate 25-75 (MEF25-75%), and wheezing severity. However, those with dry cough got worse regarding these indices.
ConclusionHyssop syrup is effective for asthmatic patients with productive cough and a higher BMI, but it is not suitable for those experiencing a dry cough. It highlights the importance of syndrome differentiation in asthmatic patients and a posteriori subgrouping in data analysis. This approach enhances treatment accuracy and response rates while reducing adverse effects. Future trials are guaranteed to approve this categorization in asthma treatment.
Keywords: Asthma, A Posteriori, Herbal Medicine, Hyssopus Officinalis, Integrative Medicine, Persian Medicine, Syndrome Differentiation -
IntroductionAsthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are prevalent respiratory disorders with significant societal and healthcare impacts. This study will be conducted on the participants of the Persian Cohort study at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (POCM) to determine the prevalence of asthma and COPD and to explore their relationship with dietary patterns, urban structure, lifestyle, and the severity in Iran.MethodsA comprehensive assessment will be employed in this cohort study, including lifestyle factors, dietary patterns, anthropometry, spirometry, depression and stress levels, sleep quality, and physical activity. Individual-level analysis will utilize multivariate logistic regression to assess associations between outcome variables and potential predictors like air quality, smoking, occupation, socioeconomic status, and nutritional status. Adjustments for gender, age, chronic health conditions, and other potential confounders will be incorporated.ResultsThis study will investigate the most closely associated factors influencing the prevalence and severity of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.ConclusionsThe final outcomes will delineate the relationship between the prevalence of asthma and COPD and various lifestyle factors, including socioeconomic status, air pollution, and physical activity.Keywords: Asthma, Air Pollution, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Diet, Lifestyle
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Asthma, a prevalent chronic condition in children, poses significant challenges in management. While conventional treatments like inhaled corticosteroids and beta-agonists are standard, there is increasing interest in the role of herbal medicine and probiotics as complementary therapies. This paper reviews the impact of herbal remedies—such as Butterbur, Ginger, Turmeric, Boswellia, Licorice, and Ephedra—and probiotics on pediatric asthma. Evidence suggests these therapies may reduce inflammation and improve respiratory function, potentially benefiting asthma management. However, variability in product quality and study designs necessitates further research. Future studies should focus on validating these interventions through rigorous clinical trials to better integrate herbal medicine and probiotics into comprehensive asthma care for children.
Keywords: Herbal Medicine, Probiotics, Asthma, Respiratory Disorder -
Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the formation of bronchial casts, leading to airway obstruction. It is associated with several underlying conditions, including congenital heart disease, respiratory infections, and asthma. Due to its non-specific symptoms, PB is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. We present a case of a 10-year-old boy with a one-year history of recurrent productive cough, dyspnea, and fever, unresponsive to albuterol treatment. Chest X-rays revealed atelectasis of the left lower lung, which persisted despite airway clearance techniques. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed collapse consolidation of the left lung. Bronchoscopy revealed bronchial obstruction by a rubbery cast, which was successfully removed. Pathologic analysis of the cast showed eosinophils, neutrophils, and Charcot-Leyden crystals. The patient was treated with inhaled corticosteroids and short-acting beta-agonists, leading to complete resolution of symptoms. Follow-up after six months showed no recurrence of symptoms. This case highlights the importance of considering PB in patients with recurrent respiratory symptoms and atelectasis, particularly when foreign body aspiration or common respiratory diseases have been ruled out. Early diagnosis and management, including cast removal and treatment of underlying conditions, are crucial to preventing complications.
Keywords: Plastic Bronchitis, Infections, Asthma, Respiratory Diseases -
Background
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease and a major public health problem globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in schoolchildren in Dezful city, southwest Iran.
MethodsIn this cross-sectional descriptive analytical study, the prevalence of asthma symptoms was measured using a randomized cluster sampling method among 2,978 schoolchildren aged 6-14 years. A validated questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) was used from January to February 2020. The chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between variables, which were expressed as percentages, with a p‐value <0.05 considered statistically significant.
ResultsThe overall prevalence of asthma was 4.7% (CI=3.98 - 5.54), significantly higher among 13-14-year-olds compared to the 6-7-year-old age group (6.4% vs. 3.1%, p<0.001) and in males versus females (6.9% vs. 2.5%, p<0.001). The total prevalence of wheezing in the last year, the main symptom of asthma, was 7.2% (CI=6.31 - 8.20), significantly higher among 13-14-year-olds (8.4% vs. 6.1%, p<0.009) and male schoolchildren (9.6% vs. 4.7%, p<0.001).
ConclusionAccording to our findings, and compared to the previous ISAAC study in Iran, the prevalence of asthma symptoms was relatively low among Dezful schoolchildren. Further epidemiological studies are needed to investigate factors affecting this disease, such as indoor and outdoor environments, as well as their effects on gene expression over time.
Keywords: Asthma, School-Age Population, Respiration Disorders, Affective Symptoms -
Asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disorder in children, and poor therapeutic response in asthmatic children could result from various factors related to the doctor, patient, disease, and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the most important causes of failure in asthma control. One hundred three children referred to the Children’s Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, participated in this study in 2017. A specific questionnaire was organized and completed by telephone interviews with parents. The mean age of participants was 10.30 years, and 68.9% were male. More action plans (45/53) were received from hospitalized patients in the asthma and allergy ward than from hospitalized patients in the emergency department (13/46). Moreover, 85% of admitted patients in the asthma and allergy ward were visited by a specialist compared with 50% in the emergency department (23/46). Hospitalization in the asthma and allergy ward resulted in receiving more action plans, spirometry tests, and visits by an allergist after discharge compared with admission to the emergency department.
Keywords: Action Plan, Asthma, Children, Education, Hospitalization, Spirometry -
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway remodeling, hyperresponsiveness, and exacerbated inflammation. While most patients respond well to current treatments, a small subset remains resistant necessitating new therapeutic strategies. Due to their immunomodulatory properties, stem cells have been proposed as a promising treatment option for asthma. Stem cells can reduce airway inflammation and restore immune balance, demonstrating positive outcomes, particularly in cases of steroid-resistant asthma. However, the mechanisms underlying lung tissue repair are not clearly defined. On the other hand, there are limitations in using these cells and for clinical use of mesenchymal stem cells, which must be produced in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice. This review article discusses the mechanisms by which stem cells may aid in asthma treatment and addresses and explores the challenges associated with their use. By addressing these areas, we can better understand the potential and limitations of stem cell therapy in asthma and develop more effective strategies to harness their therapeutic benefits for patients with uncontrolled asthma.
Keywords: Airway Inflammation, Asthma, C-Kit Cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Therapeutics -
سابقه و هدف
ارتباط آسم با شرایط دهان و دندان مانند پوسیدگی، سایش دندان، بیماری های پریودنتال و تغییرات مخاط دهان موضوع بحث در بین دندانپزشکان بوده است. لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تعیین شیوع هایپوسالیویشن و خشکی دهان در کودکان 3 تا 12 ساله مبتلا به آسم مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان بوعلی سینا در شهر ساری، استان مازندران،ایران، در سال 1402 انجام شد.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه اپیدمیولوژیک توصیفی- تحلیلی بر روی کودکان مبتلا به آسم در بیمارستان بوعلی سینا ساری انجام شد. درجه آسم هر بیمار، طول مدت ابتلا به آسم و داروهای مصرفی پس از مصاحبه و کسب اطلاعات ذکر شده، در پرسشنامه بیمار ثبت شد. میزان جریان بزاق غیر تحریکی با استفاده از روش وزن سنجی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای مقایسه داده ها از ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن و آزمون های من ویتنی، کروسکال والیس و کای دو استفاده شد. داده ها مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند. سطح معنی داری 05/0 در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته هادر این مطالعه 66 کودک (32 پسر و 34 دختر) شرکت کردند. هایپوسالیویشن در 33.3 درصد از کودکان (22 از 66)، و خشکی دهان در 42.4 درصد (28 از 66) از آنان دیده شد. ارتباط آماری معنی داری بین جنسیت و هایپوسالیویشن یافت شد و پسران بیشتر از دختران تحت تاثیر قرار گرفتند (05/0>P). علاوه بر این، خشکی دهان به طور قابل توجهی در کودکان مبتلا به هایپوسالیویشن بیشتر بود (0/001>P). شانس خشکی دهان در بیماران با هایپوسالیویشن حدود 16 برابر سایر بیماران بود (16/35= Odds Ratio، 0/001=P).
استنتاجاین مطالعه شیوع بیشتر کاهش بزاق در پسران را در مقایسه با دختران نشان می دهد، اگرچه هیچ ارتباط معنی داری بین جنسیت و وجود خشکی دهان یافت نشد. ارتباط قوی و معنی دار آماری بین کاهش بزاق و خشکی دهان از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسیون لجستیک چندگانه تایید شد. این یافته ها نشان می دهد که کودکان مبتلا به کاهش بزاق در معرض خطر قابل توجهی برای تجربه خشکی دهان قرار دارند و این امر بر نیاز به تشخیص و مدیریت زودهنگام در بیماران مبتلا به آسم کودکان تاکید می کند.
کلید واژگان: هایپوسالیویشن, زروستومی, کودکان, آسمBackground and purposeThe potential association between asthma and various oral and dental conditions such as caries, tooth wear, periodontal diseases, and alterations in the oral mucosa remains a topic of ongoing debate among dental professionals. This study sought to assess the prevalence of hyposalivation and dry mouth in children aged 3 to 12 years with asthma, who were referred to Bu Ali Sina Hospital in Sari in 2023.
Materials and methodsThis descriptive-analytical epidemiological study was conducted on pediatric asthma patients at Bu Ali Sina Hospital in Sari. Data on each patient’s asthma severity, duration of the condition, and medication usage were collected through questionnaires and interviews with patients’ parents. Unstimulated salivary flow was measured using the gravimetric method. Statistical analyses were performed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Chi-square tests to compare the data, with a significance level set at 0.05.
ResultsA total of 66 children (32 boys and 34 girls) participated in this study. Hyposalivation was observed in 33.3% of the children (22 out of 66), while 42.4% (28 out of 66) experienced dry mouth. A statistically significant association was found between gender and hyposalivation, with boys being more affected than girls (P<0.05). Furthermore, dry mouth was notably more prevalent among children with hyposalivation (P<0.001). Children with hyposalivation were approximately 16 times more likely to report dry mouth compared to those without hyposalivation (Odds Ratio=16.35, P=0.001).
ConclusionThis study highlights the higher prevalence of hyposalivation in boys compared to girls, though no significant association was found between gender and presence of dry mouth. A strong, statistically significant link between hyposalivation and dry mouth was confirmed through multiple logistic regression analysis. These findings suggest that children with hyposalivation are at a markedly increased risk of experiencing dry mouth, underscoring the need for early detection and management in pediatric asthma patients.
Keywords: Xerostomia, Dry Mouth, Hyposalivation, Children, Asthma -
Objective
To evaluate the risk factors associated with asthma in children hospitalized at Hospital Belen de Trujillo.
Materials and methodsAn analytical study of retrospective cases and controls was carried out in which 258 clinical histories of children between 5 to 14 years of age who were hospitalized in the Hospital Belen de Trujillo (HBT) during the period 2015-2019 were included, which were grouped into 129 histories of children who had been hospitalized for asthma (cases) and 129 histories of children hospitalized for a different cause (controls). The frequency distribution will be calculated, the Chi-square statistical test will be used, the odds ratio will be obtained and the 95% confidence interval will be calculated; finally, a multivariate analysis will be performed by means of logistic regression to determine whether the influence of other variables generates a greater risk of developing asthma in children.
ResultsThe multivariate analysis showed that the factors: cesarean delivery, non-exclusive breastfeeding, history of bronchiolitis, obesity and maternal age together predict 92. 0% of the cases of asthma; however, taking the influence of all the factors at the same time, it was found that the cesarean delivery route, non-exclusive breastfeeding, obesity and maternal age are significant for the regression (p<0.05), while the factor history of bronchiolitis is not significant (p>0.05). Likewise, when the bivariate analysis of the five variables studied was performed and the Chi-square test was applied, it was found that all five factors were significant (p<0.05) for asthma in children at Hospital Belen de Trujillo.
ConclusionThe factors cesarean delivery route, non-exclusive breastfeeding, history of bronchiolitis, obesity and maternal age are associated with asthma in children hospitalized at HBT.
Keywords: Asthma, Risk Factors, Child -
زمینه و هدف
اثرات سیگار کشیدن غیرفعال بر سیستم تنفسی نوزادان و کودکان شناخته شده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تاثیر مثبت برنامه های اطلاع درمانی ترک سیگار والدین با جایگزینی نیکوتین بر کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت کودکان مبتلا به آسم در مرکز طبی کودکان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران انجام شد.
روش بررسیدر این مطالعه مورد- شاهدی 100 کودک 10-6 ساله مبتلا به آسم با والدین سیگاری مراجعه کننده به بخش آلرژی مرکز طبی کودکان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. این مطالعه در بازه زمانی 99-1398 و به صورت سرشماری انجام شد. داده ها با استفاده از پرسش نامه های استاندارد کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت کودک (HRQoL)، نسخه های استاندارد فرم کوتاه (12-SF) وپرسش نامه تنفسی سنت جورج (SGRQ) جمع آوری شد. برای مقایسه ی دو گروه در هر نوبت و بین فواصل زمانی از آزمون تی مستقل و تی زوجی استفاده شد و برای بررسی همبستگی بین دو پرسش نامه از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS انجام شد.
یافته هانتایج نشان داد که میانگین امتیاز در کودکان آسمی که والدین آن ها نیکوتین جایگزین سیگار مصرف کردند، کمتر از کودکان آسمی بود که والدین آن ها به مصرف سیگار ادامه دادند. کیفیت زندگی در کودکان مبتلا به آسم که والدین آن ها در مداخله شرکت کردند بهتر می شود(0/03=P). همچنین مصرف آدامس نیکوتینی می تواند برخی از جنبه های کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت را در والدین و کودکان بر اساس 12-SF و SGRQ بهبود بخشد. عملکرد فیزیکی(0/007=P) و عملکرد مدرسه(0/002=P) دو مولفه ای بودند که مداخله، بیشترین تاثیر را بر آن ها داشت.
نتیجه گیریسلامت جسمانی و کیفیت زندگی والدین بر کودکان مبتلا به آسم که در برآوردن نیازهای روزانه ی خود با چالش های زیادی مواجه می شوند، تاثیر می گذارد. ترک سیگار با استفاده از آدامس نیکوتینی می تواند زمینه های کیفیت زندگی والدین و کودکان را بهبود بخشد. برای به حداکثر رساندن اثربخشی برنامه های اطلاعات درمانی ترک سیگار والدین برای کودکان مبتلا به آسم، ارایه حمایت و مشاوره ی به والدین یا مراقبان، درمان های مبتنی بر شواهد، آموزش خانواده ها برای مدیریت این بیماری در کودکان ضروری به نظر می رسد.
کلید واژگان: اطلاعات درمانی, ترک سیگار, جایگزینی نیکوتین, آسم, مرکز طبی کودکانBackground and AimPassive smoking is known to have an impact on the respiratory system of infants and children. The aim of this study is to examine the positive effects of parental smoking cessation programs using nicotine replacement on quality of life in children with asthma at the Children's Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and MethodsThis case-control study included 100 children aged 6-10 years with asthma who had their parents smoking in the Allergy Department of the Children's Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. During the 2019-2021 period, this study was conducted using a census as the sampling method. Data were collected using standard questionnaires of the Child Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), standard versions of the Short Form (SF-12) and the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The two groups were compared using independent t-tests and paired t-tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to examine the correlation between the two questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
ResultsChildren with asthma who had their parents quit smoking had a mean score lower than those who did not intervene. This indicates that the quality of life in children with asthma whose parents underwent nicotine replacement program improved significantly (P=0.03). Nicotine gum consumption can enhance certain aspects of health-related quality of life for both parents and children, as assessed by SF-12 and SGRQ, according to the results. Physical functioning (P=0.007) and school performance (P=0.002) were the two components most significantly affected.
ConclusionThe physical health and quality of life of parents are can affecte children with asthma, who face many challenges in meeting their daily needs. Smoking cessation using nicotine gum can improve the quality of life of parents and children. To maximize the effectiveness of parental smoking cessation information therapy programs for children with asthma, providing personalized support and advice to parents or caregivers, evidence-based treatments, and educating families on how to manage this disease in children seems essential.
Keywords: Information Therapy, Quit Smoking, Nicotine Replacement, Asthma, Pediatric Medical Center -
Objective (s)
Asthma is a complex inflammatory disorder with the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung airways. Saffron’s active component, crocin, has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. The objective of this current study was to explore the impact of crocin on NF-kB and nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathways in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice, aiming to understand its mechanism.
Materials and MethodsFour different groups were formed by dividing forty male BALB/C mice: control group, OVA-sensitized group (OVA), OVA combined with crocin 30 mg/kg (OVA-Cr30), and the OVA combined with crocin 60 mg/kg (OVA-Cr60). In order to determine the total number of WBC and inflammatory cells infiltrating the lung, we utilized the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for counting purposes. The mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, IL-17, and NF-κB in lung tissue were assessed through real-time PCR and western blot techniques.
ResultsCrocin significantly prevented the increase of total WBC and inflammatory cells in the lung tissue (P<0.001 for all) and histopathological changes in OVA-sensitized mice. Furthermore, crocin displayed suppressive effects on the enhancement of NF-kB (P<0.01) and IL-17 (P<0.05) mRNA and protein levels in OVA-sensitized mice while preserving Nrf2 (P<0.01) and HO-1 (P<0.05) expression levels. Crocin effects became increasingly apparent when utilized at high concentrations.
ConclusionCrocin decreased airway inflammation, partially by inhibiting NF-κB and IL-17 and up-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 mRNA and protein expression levels.
Keywords: Asthma, Crocin, Heme Oxygenase-1, Nuclear Erythroid 2-Related - Factor 2, Ovalbumin -
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of air pollutants and noise on the prevalence of childhood asthma in Tehran, Iran.
The standardized questionnaire was completed by one of the parents of children aged 6–7 years or by adolescents aged 13–14 years.
The asthma prevalence in ages 6-7 and 13–14 was found to be 8.8% and 17.44%, respectively. A significant positive association was observed between “ever wheezing” and monoxide carbon (CO) concentration (OR=1.84, 1.05-3.25 in 13–14 years), the occurrence of 4 to 12 wheezing attacks and sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration (Odds Ratio (OR)=1.39, 1.04-1.91) and particulate matter less than 2.5 micron (PM2.5) concentration (OR=1.38, 1.05-1.98 and OR=1.13, 0.98-1.39 in 6-7 and 13–14 years, respectively), as well as one night per week of sleep disturbances and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration (OR=1.09, 1.03-1.16 in 6–7 years, respectively). It was also found that there was a significant interaction between the noise level and particulate matter less than 10 micron (PM10) level.
Based on the findings, exposure to certain outdoor air pollutants and noise can affect prevalence of asthma symptoms in residence of Tehran. The simultaneous presence of air pollutants and noise has an aggravating effect on the prevalence of asthma symptoms. Therefore, controlling sources of pollutants for reducing asthma symptoms is suggested.Keywords: Air Pollution, Asthma, Environmental Noise, Pediatrics -
مقدمه
مطالعات اخیر بیانگر ارتباط سطح سرمی ویتامین D با شروع آسم و مارکرهای شدت بیماری در کودکان مبتلا به آسم می باشد. در این مطالعه ارتباط سطح سرمی ویتامین D با شدت آسم در کودکان بررسی می شود.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه مورد- شاهدی 210 کودک 5-15 ساله بعد از کسب رضایت آگاهانه از والدین آنها وارد مطالعه شدند. شرکت کنندگان به سه گروه سالم (شاهد)=70 نفر، آسم متوسط (مورد)=70 نفر و آسم شدید (مورد)=70 تقسیم شدند. تشخیص آسم و شدت آن بر اساس علایم بالینی و اسپیرومتری بود و با استفاده از کیت استاندارد DIA source و به روش الیزا سطح سرمی 25 هیدروکسی ویتامین D اندازه گیری شد.
نتایجمیانگین سطح سرمی ویتامین D در افراد سالم 92/28±54/9 بود که بیشتر از افراد مبتلا به بیماری آسم بوده است. از طرفی سطح ویتامین D در بیماران مبتلا به آسم با شدت بیشتر برابر 61/21±24/13 بود که کمتر از افراد آسم با شدت غیر شدید (خفیف و متوسط) (44/28±97/9) می باشد. نتایج نشان داد که اختلاف بین سطح سرمی ویتامین D در افراد گروه مطالعه از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی دار دارد (001/0P<) که این اختلاف بین افراد گروه آسم شدید و افراد گروه آسم متوسط و افراد سالم وجود دارد و نیز با کاهش سطح سرمی ویتامین D شدت بیماری آسم بین افراد مورد بررسی افزایش می یابد (25/0-=r) که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار بوده است (05/0P<).
نتیجه گیریتوصیه می شود که سطح ویتامین D در بیماران مبتلا به آسم بررسی شود و در صورت کمبود آن، درمان لازم انجام شود.
کلید واژگان: آسم, سطح سرمی, ویتامین دی, کودکانIntroductionRecent studies show a connection between serum vitamin D levels and the onset of asthma, as well as markers of disease severity in children with asthma. This study explores the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of asthma in children.
MethodsIn this case-control study, 210 children aged 5 to 15 entered the study after obtaining informed consent from their parents. Participants were divided into three groups: healthy (control) = 70, moderate asthma (case) = 70, and severe asthma (case) = 70. The diagnosis of asthma and its severity were determined based on clinical signs and spirometry. At the same time, the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured using a standard DIA source kit and the ELISA method.
ResultsThe mean serum level of vitamin D in healthy individuals was 28.92 ± 9.54, which was higher than in those with asthma. On the other hand, the vitamin D level in patients with severe asthma was 13.24 ± 21.61, significantly lower than that in patients with non-severe (mild and moderate) asthma, who had levels of 28.44 ± 9.97. The results indicated a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D levels among the study groups (P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between serum vitamin D levels and asthma severity among the subjects (r=-0.25), which was also statistically significant (P<0.05).
ConclusionIn conclusion, assessing vitamin D levels in patients with asthma is recommended. If a deficiency is identified, it is important to implement the necessary treatment.
Keywords: Asthma, Serum Level, Vitamin D, Children -
Background
Allergies impact nearly 30% of the world's population, with fungi being remarkable contributors to allergic sensitivity. Exposure to fungi allergens can trigger allergic reactions and severe asthma has been linked to hypersensitivity to fungi such as Aspergillus and Alternaria spp. Alternaria alternata, a common allergen in respiratory allergic diseases, releases proteases that initiate Th2 responses, causing inflammatory cytokine production.
ObjectivesGiven the anti-inflammatory properties of Pomegranate Seed Oil (PSO) and the potential of Nano-emulsions (NEs) to enhance drug delivery, this study investigates the impact of PSO-loaded NEs on TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression in A549 cells sensitized with A. alternata extract (ALT).
MethodsA. alternata (ATCC 6663) was cultured and processed to obtain a cytosolic extract, with protein content measured using the Bradford method. Using a Soxhlet apparatus, PSO was extracted from cleaned, dried seeds and analyzed by gas chromatography. Alginate nanospheres containing PSO were prepared through a modified water-in-oil emulsification method and characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. A549 cells were cultured and treated with various ALT, PSO, and PSO-loaded NEs combinations. Following treatment, RNA was extracted, and real-time RT-PCR was conducted to analyze TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression.
ResultsAll treatment groups showed an increase in TLR2 gene expression compared to the control, with the ALT combined with PSO (P+ALT) causing the highest increase at 4.82-fold. Free PSO (P) and free NEs (NP) resulted in 3.92-fold and 2.93-fold increases, respectively, while the ALT and PSO-loaded NEs (NP+ALT) led to 2.26-fold and 2.50-fold increases. For TLR4 gene expression, the ALT treatment increased expression by 2.29-fold, but treatments containing PSO (P, P+ALT, NP+ALT) reduced TLR4 expression, with P+ALT and NP+ALT causing 0.45-fold and 0.61-fold decreases.
ConclusionThe study confirms that herbal extracts like PSO selectively upregulate TLR2 and downregulate TLR4, suggesting targeted therapeutic potential in inflammation and immune modulation. PSO-loaded NEs demonstrated superior anti-inflammatory effects, supporting their development for treating inflammatory diseases and warranting further research into their molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
Keywords: Alternaria Alternata, Pomegranate Seed Oil, Nano-Emulsions, Asthma, Anti-Inflammatory -
Limited data exists regarding the association between dietary patterns and asthma. This study aims to determine the relationship between empirically derived dietary patterns and the likelihood of asthma among a large population of children and adolescents living in central Iran.
MethodsA total of 7667 of male and female students aged 6-14 from 48 public and private schools in YAZD urban areas entered the current cross-sectional study. Data on dietary intakes, as well as asthma symptoms and other possible confounders, were collected using a self-administered questionnaire filled by parents. Factor analysis was applied to find major dietary patterns. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for asthma development across quintiles of dietary patterns.
ResultsTwo main dietary patterns were established. A “traditional diet” was determined by meat, fish, fruits, cooked vegetable, raw vegetable, legumes, cereals, bread, macaroni, rice, margarine, butter, olive oil, milk, yogurt, egg, nuts, potato, and a “western-like diet” was characterized by high intakes of simple sugars, fast food(hamburger), fast food (pizza), soft drinks, jelly, chocolate and biscuits of cocoa, ice cream, and sauce. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in the top quintile of traditional diet were 0.31 times less likely to have asthma than those in the lowest quintile (OR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.47-1.00). Moreover, individuals in the top quintile of traditional diet were 0.43 times less likely to have wheezing compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.46-0.70). However, individuals in the top quintile of the western diet were 0.35 times more likely to have wheezing than those in the lowest quintile (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.66).
ConclusionsAccording to the results, a traditional diet might be associated with lower odds of asthma; however, a western-like diet might be adversely associated with asthma symptoms.
Keywords: Asthma, Lung Diseases, Respiration Disorders, Apnea, Diet Therapy -
Background
Asthma is a common and major allergic disease in the world. We aimed to investigate the impact of supplements with vitamin D, folic acid, selenium, zinc, and copper in patients with moderate to severe asthma.
MethodIn this clinical trial study 70 patients above six years old with moderate to severe asthma, were divided into two groups, randomly; one group received daily Asmavit syrup, 10 ml (Asmavit, Vitabiotics Ltd, London, UK), and the other group received daily 1000 IU vitamin D3 drops (Asmavit, Vitabiotics Ltd, London, UK) for two months along with ordinary treatment for asthma. Clinical and physical examinations, immunological and biochemical tests were carried out for each patient before and after the treatment.
ResultsThe mean age of patients was 39.9± 14.7 years old, and the mean disease duration was 8.8 ± 9.8 years. A significant increase in lung function, asthma control, and quality of life score tests was observed in both groups after the treatment (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in cytokines expression levels before and after the treatment with vitamin D3 or Asmavit (P> 0.05). Serum levels of selenium and folic acid before treatment were correlated with disease severity, while post-treatment vitamin D levels significantly increased FEV1 (P> 0.05). Oxidative stress levels reduced in both groups, with greater reduction in the vitamin D group (P< 0.05).
ConclusionSupplements, particularly vitamin D, when combined with standard asthma treatment, may effectively improve clinical symptoms and enhance the quality of life for asthmatic patients.
Keywords: Asthma, Vitamin D, Supplements, Oxidative Stress -
Background
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by bronchospasm, airway inflammation. The occurrence of microbial infections is related to the severity of asthma symptoms; thus, their development can be prevented by controlling microbial agents. This study aims to determine the relationship of asthma symptoms severity with Haemophilus influenzae type A infection in patient with asthma compared to healthy people.
MethodsIn this case-control study, sputum samples of 31 patients with asthma (16men and 15 women; mean age=58.58±14.13) and 31 healthy individuals (16 men and 15 women; mean age=52.03±14.72 years) who referred to a hospital were collected. DNA extraction was done using the kit (Cinnagen Co.). The prevalence of H. influenzae type A was investigated using the bexA gene primer by real-time PCR method. The collected data were analyzed in Excel and SPSS software, version 20.
Results24 sputum samples (77.4%) from patients and 13 samples (41.9%) from healthy people were positive for H. influenzae type A. The increase in the severity of asthma symptoms, cough and shortness of breath showed that the severity of the infection decreased with the increase in asthma symptoms. Also, in terms of the asthma control test (ACT) score, spirometry indices, fractional exhaled nitric oxide index, and percentages of lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils, there was a significant difference between patients and healthy people (P=0.0001).
ConclusionFurther studies are needed to determine the role of H. influenzae type A in the development of lung diseases, including asthma.
Keywords: Haemophilus Influenzae Type A, Asthma, Real-Time PCR -
Background and objectivesAsthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease. Viola odorata has been traditionally used to treat inflammatory diseases. This study was conducted to explore the anti-inflammatory effects of V. odorata aqueous extract on a murine model of asthma.MethodsForty-eight Balb/c female mice were divided into six groups of eight animals. The healthy controls received distilled water and other groups became asthmatic using ovalbumin. Then, one group received dexamethasone, and the extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) was administered to three groups for a week. Subsequently, the number of eosinophils, and the levels of interleukins 4, 5, and 13 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. Histopathological changes were analyzed in lung tissues.ResultsEosinophils count and the levels of interleukins 4, 5, and 13 in BALF specimens significantly reduced. Hyperplasia of goblet cells, lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, and peribronchial and perivascular inflammations decreased in the extract-treated mice. The effects of V. odorata aqueous extract on all parameters were comparable with dexamethasone.ConclusionThe present study is the first report of anti-inflammatory activities of V. odorata aqueous extract in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Therefore, these data may suggest V. odorata as a promising drug to treat asthma-induced inflammation.Keywords: Asthma, Eosinophilia, Inflammation, Interleukins, Ovalbumin
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Background
The prevalence of asthma indicates the importance of studying oral manifestations of inhalers as one of the indications of asthma. This study compares two methods of using inhalers, Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) and Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) in asthmatic patients.
Methods100 asthmatic patients (50 MDI-treated, 50 DPI-treated) and 50 healthy individuals were selected by convincing sampling. The three sampled groups were gender- and age-matched. We performed a clinical examination, recorded the information, and analyzed the data by SPSS21 software using a t-test and one-way ANOVA for quantitative and Pearson’s chi-square test for qualitative indicators.
ResultsDMFT index (p-value 0.001), fissured tongue (p-value 0.005), xerostomia (p-value 0.001), and dental erosion (p-value: 0.011) in MDI-treated patients were significantly higher than the other two groups, while the geographic tongue (p-value 0.008) was significantly higher in DPI-treated patients than in the other two groups. It showed that periodontal disease and median rhomboid glossitis had no significant difference between the three groups.
ConclusionDue to the higher incidence of manifestations in MDI, it is expected that physicians give more attention to prescribing inhalers and give them the necessary training to maintain oral and dental hygiene.
Keywords: Asthma, Dry Powder Inhalers, Oral Hygiene, Metered Dose Inhalers
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