جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "bile" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Humans are one of the hosts of this Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus), contamination is causedby eating the eggs of this parasite. This study investigatesa patient with a hydatid cyst in the liver and bile ducts referred to the Velayat hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Iran,in 2021.

Thepatient was a 74-year-old woman complained of abdominal pain and jaundice. Computerized tomography(CT) scans and endosonography were performed. By endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP), hydatid membranes were removed.

Endemic areas are the point of view of hydatid cyst. In patients with lower abdominal pain, hydatid cyst should be considered.

 Cholestasis is a pathophysiological condition, significantly reducing spermatozoa production. MiR-34c is highly expressed in adult male testicles and controls different stages of spermatogenesis.

 Here, we aimed to investigate miR-34c expression in the testes of rat models of cholestasis. The expressions of THY-1, FGF-2, and CASP-3 genes, that are targeted by mirR-34c were also investigated.

 Cholestasis was induced in six adult rats via bile duct ligation. Four weeks after cholestasis induction, sera and testicular tissues were collected for further examinations. The levels of liver enzymes were measured using the ELISA. The structure of the testes was evaluated by histological examination. Total RNA was extracted from testes using a special kit and converted to cDNA. The expressions of miR-34c-5p, THY-1, FGF-2, and CASP-3 genes were determined by Real-Time PCR.

 The serum levels of ALP, AST, and ALT were significantly elevated in the rat models of cholestasis (P < 0.001). Real-Time PCR revealed that the expressions of miR-34c-5p, THY-1, and FGF-2 genes decreased while CASP-3 gene was upregulated in the testes of cholestatic animals (all differences were significant at P < 0.05).

Our study indicated that cholestasis was associated with reduced expression of miR-34c and altered expression of its target genes in the testis. Our results highlight the potential effects of cholestasis, a hepatobiliary disease, on testicular tissue function and male fertility.

A rare case of ascaris coming out through the anterior abdominal wall is reported here. A 40‑year‑old female had undergone dilatation and curettage by a quack. On the second day she presented with presented with features of peritonitis. She was explored. Resection anastomosis of the ileum was done for multiple perforations of the ileum. Patient developed a fistula in the anterior abdominal wall which was draining bile‑colored fluid. On the 12th postoperative day a 10‑cm‑long worm was seen coming out through the fistulous tract which was found to be Ascaris lumbricoids. Ascaris lumbricoids can lead to many complications ranging from worm colic to intestinal obstruction, volvulus, peritonitis, pancreatitis, cholangiohepatitis, liver abscess and many more. Worm has been reported to come out through mouth, nostrils, abdominal drains, T‑tubes etc. But ascaris coming out through the anterior abdominal wall is very rare hence reported here.

The present study aims to compare bile and urine samples of a corpse for detection of morphine. In this cross-sectional study, forensic examination of the bodies placed 59 of the 366 referred corpses at the high suspicion of opioid overdose. Urine and bile samples of the bodies were analyzed for morphine using thin layer chromatography. All samples were taken from male bodies. There were no urine samples in four corpses (7%) and two urine samples (3%) produced negative results. In the remaining 53 cases, 14(24%) turned out 1+, 29(49%) turned out 2+, 8(14%) bodies turned out 3+ and 2(3%) corpses produced 4+. On the other hand, all bile samples produced positive results, in which 3(5%) turned out 1+, 20(34%) turned out 2+, 22(37%) bodies turned out 3+ and 14(24%) corpses produced 4+. The Spearman coefficient for positive urine or bile samples was 0.377(P = 0.005). The results of the present study show that the concentration of detected morphine in bile is greater than that of urine. Therefore, a bile sample can contribute to the detection of opioid in the corpses, especially when urine samples are not available or are negative.

Bile gastritis (gastropathy) is a kind of gastritis which is caused by reflux of bile contents through duodenum on stomach. It can occur spontaneously without any former gastric surgeries which affect sphincter of pylorus. The positive impact of some certain drugs such as prokinetic agents e.g. metoclopramide, Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), cholestyramine and sucralfate in treating bile gastritis has been confirmed. This study has been conducted in order to analyze the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), which is a harmless drug, on patients with the bile gastritis. In this clinical trial, all patients with dyspepsia who were qualified to undertake endoscopy were enrolled and then 60 patients with bile gastritis were selected for the study. The patients were divided into two groups; a group was treated by UDCA, omeprazole and sucralfate and another one was treated with placebo, omeprazole and sucralfate for two weeks. Finally, at the end of the third week of treatment patients were examined. A total of sixty 19-70 year-old patients (Mean: 46 years old) included in this study. At the end of the study, there was not found any meaningful difference between the two groups in terms of pain intensity, heartburn intensity, severity of bloating, vomiting and early satiety; however, each group independently showed improvement of the mentioned indices after termination of the treatment (p=0.0005). Adding UDCA to the standard treatment (sucralfate) is not clinically effective in curing the bile gastritis.

Spillage of scoleces is a major problem in surgery of hydatid cysts, because each of them may develop into a new cyst if it settles on a suitable site such as the peritoneum. Many surgeons believe that scoleces in ruptured hydatid cysts of the liver containing bile are not able to develop new cysts, because bile kills thein. In order to prove this idea, the viability of scoleces in such cysts was assessed and the effect of bile on live scoleces of unruptured liver cysts of sheep and human beings was also assessed in the laboratory. It was concluded that bile is not scolecidal, and an unfavorable environment is the cause of death bf the •scoleces. Scoleces in ruptured cysts may be alive and able to develop a new cyst. Therefore the surgeon should use all necessary precautions to prevent spillage.