جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "birth rate" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Iran has witnessed a significant and rapid decline in fertility rates over the past few decades, a phenomenon referred to as the reproductive revolution. One crucial factor influencing fertility rates is the preference for a child’s gender, which can impact family size. This study aimed to determine the gender preference and desired family size among marriage candidates in Southern Iran in 2021. This cross-sectional study involved 744 marriage candidates from Jahrom County, Fars province, Iran, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire. Experts confirmed the questionnaire’s face validity and its reliability was established with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81. Of the participants, 54.6% were women, 86.8% resided in urban areas, and 60.6% had a diploma or lower educational level. The mean age at first marriage was 26.86±8.22 years, and the mean desired number of children was 2.09±1.10. The preference for a boy as the first child was 24.6% among men and 22.9% among women, while the preference for a girl was 17.4% among men and 24.1% among women (P=0.084). Furthermore, 46.4% of men and 47.8% of women believed they would continue having children if they did not have a son (P=0.72). Factors such as gender, age, education, occupation, monthly income, and place of residence showed no association with the preference for a boy as the first child (P>0.05). On average, marriage candidates desired two children. There was a slight preference for boys. It is recommended that adolescents and young adults receive appropriate education about gender equality in schools and universities to mitigate gender bias and discrimination at the community level.

Implementation of rural family physician program in Iran in 2005 has been evaluated and shown that this program has been led to some improvements in health indicators. In this study, some reproductive health (RH) indicators were compared before and after implementation of this program in rural areas of East Azerbaijan, Iran. In this ecologic- time trend study, the data of 191075 births of rural women of East Azerbaijan from 2001 to 2010 was extracted from vital horoscope (ZIJ) and used for calculation of 20 important RH indicators. The paired t-test and correlation analysis wear used for data analysis. Some indicators such as adolescent marriage rate, adolescent birth and over 35 year olds birth rate were increased after rural family physician program implementation in 2005. Also stillbirth rate and unsafe delivery were decreased during this period. There was a significant correlation between increasing adolescent birth rate and increasing low birth weight deliveries (r= 0.911, P= 0.031) and also between increasing over 35 year olds birth rate and increasing neonatal mortality rate in term of prematurity and congenital malformations (r= 0.912, P= 0.031) after program implementation. Perinatal care and safe delivery even for pregnancies outside the typical child-bearing ages are promoting after implementation of rural family physician program in East Azerbaijan. Also decreasing unsafe delivery and stillbirth rate can be considered as achievements of running this program in this province.