جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « blood serum » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Biomolecules' optical and nonlinear optical properties are widely used for different medical diagnoses and applications in biophotonic devices. These properties are essential in studying biological processes in living tissues. Aside from biomolecules' linear optical characteristics, their nonlinear optical characteristics have lately been considered.

In this paper, the nonlinear optical responses of three biochemical analytes in blood serum, including glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol are examined using the laser-based Z-Scan technique. Hence, different laboratory samples of blood serum with various concentrations of biochemical analytes are taken from patients for this purpose.

The normalized transmission curves were taken and analyzed in a closed aperture configuration of the Z-Scan technique and led to evaluating the nonlinear refractive index (n2) as an indicator of nonlinear responses of samples. The results show significant nonlinear optical behaviors of the samples under a strong electrical field of the laser, which leads to the measurement of the nonlinear refractive index (n2) of the samples with an error of less than ̴0.5 × 10-8 cm2 /w. It is found that the values of nonlinear refractive index (n2) vary proportionally as a function of their concentration in blood serum.

The findings of this study imply that the above sample's nonlinear optical response and, probable, those of other biological tissues might be used in medical diagnoses. In addition, the Z-Scan technique might be considered as a complementary method with other conventional diagnostic procedures due to its simplicity and quick experimental approach.

In this study, pencil graphite electrode was modified using conductive polypyrrole (Ppy) and grapheme (GF) nanocomposite for electrochemical determination of insulin. Electrochemical behavior of insulin on PGE was investigated using cyclic voltammetric (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) and chronoaprometry (CA) methods. Several effective parameters including pH, concentration, and scan rate for electrochemical modification of electrode were investigated and optimal conditions were proposed. Kinetics of the oxidation reaction and diffusion coefficient of the sensor was studied. The performed steps allow the measurement of insulin with a linear repeatability curve and appropriate accuracy at a range of 0.225 to 1.235 μM. The limit of detection was obtained at 8.65 nM for insulin. The amount of electron transfer coefficient between modified electrode and insulin was obtained to 0.5 with 0.84~1 number of electrons exchanged during oxidation of insulin. The application of proposed sensor for analyzing insulin in a human blood serum was investigated.

Serum concentrations of the major nutritive elements, Mn, Mo, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, K, P and Cl, and their interrelationships were evaluated in 20 dairy herds in Urmia, northwest of Iran. Values were determined by atomic absorption, auto analyzer spectrophotometry and flame photometer. Mean Mn, Mo, Ca, P and K were less and Fe and Cu were higher than the reference values. Herd effects were present for the majority of elements, but not K, Na, Fe and Cl. The strongest correlations were positive between Cu/Mo and Ca/Mn, with weaker but significant positive correlations between Mn/Ca, Mo/Cu, Fe/K and Fe/Cl. Negative correlations existed between Ca/K, Ca/Mo, Mg/Mo, Mg/Mn, Mg/P, Fe/Mn, and Fe/Mo. Correlations coefficients with Mo and to a lesser extent Mn were higher than for other elements. There were two principle components in the dataset, explaining 12 and 11% of the variation respectively, involving mainly Fe and Mo in the first component and Ca and Mo in the second. It is concluded that Fe, Mo, Mn and Ca concentrations in the serum of dairy cows in this region were of particular importance in explaining variation in the element concentrations in serum of cows in Urmia, Iran.

Blood serum has been extensively explored as a source of the bio-markers [1, 2]. For concentration of minor protein(s) and depletion of abundant blood serum proteins a 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation procedure is frequently applied [3]. However, a significant amount of proteins may be present in the TCA extracts, and these proteins are often not studied.Recently, we have shown that a TCA-extracted fraction obtained from blood serum of the multiple sclerosis (MS) patients contains two proteins that were identified by the MALDI TOF/TOF as blood serum albumin (BSA) and a short form of the unconventional myosin lc (sMyo1C) [4]. We also demonstrated that the TCA-extracted fractions isolated from blood serum of the MS patients contain IgGs and/or their heavy chains [5]. These proteins have not been detected in the TCA-extracted fractions isolated from blood serum of healthy human donors and patients with the systemic lupus erythematosus or the rheumatoid arthritis.Here we report that the TCA-soluble fraction isolated from blood serum of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma contains sMyo1C that have been earlier detected in blood serum of the MS patients, while the blood serum of the multiple myeloma patients, in addition to that protein and albumin, also contains the IgG polypeptides.

One interesting topic in reproductive biology is to explore the correlations between minerals and male fertility. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), and Iron (Fe) and their associations with semen quality in bulls.

Ejaculates were collected from Simmental bulls. Semen quality parameters including volume, concentration, motility, sperm viability and morphology were assessed. One step dilution method was utilized for semen freezing. Progressive motility of frozen-thawed semen (PMFT) was regarded as the main criterion for dividing data into three groups: group 1 (˂ 40% motility), group 2 (40% -50% motility), and group 3 (> 50% motility). Serum mineral concentrations were determined by atomic absorption. The Serum Fe was significantly lower in “> 50%” group compared with other groups.

Semen volume was negatively correlated with PMFT (r = -0.42, p ≤ 0.05 and serum Fe (r = 0.44, p ≤ 0.05). Negative correlations were found between Zn to Cu ratio with frozen-thawed sperm abnormal morphology (r = -0.43, p ≤ 0.05) and tail abnormality and fresh sperm mid-piece abnormality(r= 0.47, p ≤ 0.05). There was also a negative correlation between Zn and frozenthawed sperm head abnormality (r= -0.57, p ≤ 0.05).

With regard to the weak positive correlations between serum Cu and frozen-thawed sperm tail abnormal morphology, it can be concluded that the excess of serum Cu may have destructive effects on normal sperm morphology.