جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « car-t cells » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Lymphoma, the most predominant neoplastic disorder, is divided into Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma classifications. Immunotherapeutic modalities have emerged as essential methodologies in combating lymphoid malignancies. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells exhibit promising responses in chemotherapy-resistant B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases.

 This comprehensive review delineates the advancement of CAR-T cell therapy as an immunotherapeutic instrument, the selection of lymphoma antigens for CAR-T cell targeting, and the conceptualization, synthesis, and deployment of CAR-T cells. Furthermore, it encompasses the advantages and disadvantages of CAR-T cell therapy and the prospective horizons of CAR-T cells from a computational research perspective. In order to improve the design and functionality of artificial CARs, there is a need for TCR recognition investigation, followed by the implementation of a quality surveillance methodology.

 Various lymphoma antigens are amenable to CAR-T cell targeting, such as CD19, CD20, CD22, CD30, the kappa light chain, and ROR1. A notable merit of CAR-T cell therapy is the augmentation of the immune system’s capacity to generate tumoricidal activity in patients exhibiting chemotherapy-resistant lymphoma. Nevertheless, it also introduces manufacturing impediments that are laborious, technologically demanding, and financially burdensome. Physical, physicochemical, and physiological limitations further exacerbate the challenge of treating solid neoplasms with CAR-T cells.

 While the efficacy and safety of CAR-T cell immunotherapy remain subjects of fervent investigation, the promise of this cutting-edge technology offers valuable insights for the future evolution of lymphoma treatment management approaches. Moreover, CAR-T cell therapies potentially benefit patients, motivating regulatory bodies to foster international collaboration.

Chimeric antigen receptor engineered-T (CAR-T) cells also named as living drugs, have been recently known as a breakthrough technology and were applied as an adoptive immunotherapy against different types of cancer. They also attracted widespread interest because of the success of B-cell malignancy therapy achieved by anti-CD19 CAR-T cells. Current genetic toolbox enabled the synthesis of CARs receptors which are targeted against tumor-specific antigens, and enabled to arbitrarily T-cells function reprogramming. Approximately all of CAR-T cell based studies apply autologous CAR-T cells in which, modified T-cells are engineered using patient’s own T cells. Currently, four different generation of CAR-T cells have been developed, and the evolution of this kind of therapy illustrates an excellent example of the application of basic research into the clinical trial stage. However, development of allogenic CAR-T cells can be a turning point for CAR-T cells therapy. Appearance of the reliable gene editing approach, CRISPR/Cas9 system, provided a new hope for designing universal CAR-T cells which are off-the-shelf, and enable to use for treatment of any patient with any kind of tumor. This review outlined four different generations of CAR-T cells. Also, we discussed different types of genome editing systems especially CRISPR/Cas9 system, and their capabilities for generating engineered T-cells. Additionally, we tried to explain challenges faced in improving universally generated T-cells.