جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « cytokeratin » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Epidermoid cysts are benign, rare which can occur all throughout the body of an individual. Their occurrence in the oral cavity is rare and is difficult to distinguish from other intraoral cysts. A 27-year-old female patient presented with a swelling to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department for the removal of the cystic lesion. Based on the clinical and radiographic features the provisional diagnosis was given as odontogenic keratocyst. But the histopathological examination revealed a stratified squamous cystic epithelium with abundant keratin suggestive of an epidermoid cyst. This case report presents an uncommon finding in the oral cavity with a history of teeth extraction. Based on these findings even though epidermoid cyst is rare it should be included in the differential diagnosis of radiolucent lesions of the jaws.

High prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) demands the additional novel biological markers. Due to the established roles of cytokeratin in the prognosis of metastasis evaluation the relation of expression of both CK7 and CK20 in OSCC compared to the dysplastic oral epithelium biopsies with clinicopathological factors were investigated.

We examined the coordinate mRNA expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 110 biopsies of oral squamous epithelium samples including 72 tumoral and 38 dysplastic biopsies. We also collected demographic and pathological data including tumor stage and grade from our patients.

There was a significant difference in CK7 and CK20 gene expression between OSCC and dysplastic samples (p< 0.001). Further, their mean expression in OSCC samples was significantly higher compared to dysplastic samples. Relative mRNA levels of CK7 and CK20 showed that their mean expression in OSCC grade I was significantly lower than other grades (p< 0.01). The relationship between CK7 and CK20 mRNA expression and age or gender was not significant (p> 0.05). Samples in the advanced stage of disease had significantly higher CK7 and CK20 expression compared to early-stage samples of OSCC specimens (p= 0.001).

We found an increase in CK7 and CK20 mRNA levels in grade III OSCC samples compared to other grades. This finding suggests a potential role for CK7 and CK20 in oral mucosal carcinogenesis and OSCC prognosis.

It has been suggested that insulin resistance may play a role in pathogenesis of NASH, with hepatocyte apoptosis believed to be the main factor involved in disease progression from simple steatosis to NASH. During apoptosis, cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) is cleaved by caspases and released into serum, a finding that was shown to correlate with the existence of inflammation and fibrosis in patients with NASH. The present study aims to differentiate patients with simple steatosis from those with NASH using CK-18 assessment both in liver tissue and in serum. The present study was conducted on two groups of patients, the first including 44 patients with simple steatosis and the second comprising 106 patients with steatohepatitis. Serum fasting insulin was measured and serum CK-18 was estimated. No significant differences were found between steatohepatitis patients and patients with simple steatosis regarding fasting insulin levels, or HOMA-IR index (P > 0.05 for each). Comparison of serum CK-18 levels between simple and advanced fatty liver patients showed significantly higher concentrations in patients with steatohepatitis than in patients with simple steatosis (P

Cytokeratin-18 Neoepitope M30 (CK-18 M30) has been reported to be associated with chronic HBV infection and severity of liver injury; however, the results of these studies are inconsistent.
We sought to investigate the association between serum CK-18 M30 levels and the severity of liver injury in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies published in English up to August 2017. Heterogeneity among individual studies was investigated for summarizing all the studies. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model. Finally, the sensitivity analysis and publication bias were performed to evaluate the accuracy of this meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0.
Five case-control studies were included in the ultimate analysis, recruiting 488 CHB patients, 276 inactive carriers, and 193 healthy controls. The major results of the meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated serum CK-18 M30 levels in chronic HBV infected patients includingCHBpatients with severe liver injury and inactive HBV carriers when compared to healthy controls (SMD = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.75 - 1.50, P The elevated serum CK-18M30levels could be regarded as a useful non invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of chronic HBV infection, and were associated with the severity of liver injury in chronic Hepatitis B patients. The serum CK-18 M30 levels could reflect the liver inflammation in inactive carriers, representing the early stage of chronic HBV infection.

The common epithelial ovarian tumors are classified into serous, mucinous, clear cell, endometrioid, the Brenner, mixed, and undifferentiated types. Cytoskeleton intermediate filament composition of ovarian tissues indicates that the cytokeratin and vimentin are observed in ovarian surface epithelium along with the common ovarian epithelial tumors. The current study aimed at investigating the cytokeratin and vimentin expression in epithelial ovarian tumors to establish a diagnostic relevance.
Sixty-six common epithelial ovarian tumors were studied using anti-cytokeratins (Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Cytokeratin Clones AE1/AE3; DAKO, Denmark,) and anti-vimentin (Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Vimentin, Clone V9; DAKO, Denmark,) to ascertain the intermediate filament profiles in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded surgical pathology materials.
All ovarian epithelial tumors expressed cytokeratin in a uniform fashion. Vimentin was coexpressed with high intensity in 62.5% of serous carcinomas, mild intensity in 25% of mucinous adenocarcinoma, and moderate intensity in single case of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Vimentin decoration in mucinous carcinoma had a focal involvement, whereas malignant endometrioid and serous decoration tended to involve larger areas. There was a significantly increased expression of vimentin in serous cystadenoma and serous carcinoma, compared with their mucinous counterparts. Also, vimentin expression and histologic grade of serous tumors showed a positive correlation. No association was found between vimentin expression and degree of differentiation in mucinous, endometrioid, and Brenner tumors.
The current investigation emphasized the efficiency of immunohistochemistry (IHC) typing as a tool for a more precise characterization of the origin and differentiation of human neoplasms.

A relatively rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is spindle cell carcinoma (SPCC). It is composed of epithelium-derived spindle cells arranged in sheets with mesenchymal properties and small, hardly detectable regions of SCC, challenging its definite diagnosis. We encountered five cases of SPCC. In case one, chronic inflammation and subepithelial blister with leukoplakia was found 5 years before our examination. And later, exophytic features, keratotic papules and scar with elevated margins was seen on lateral border of the tongue. In case two, three and four, an abnormal soft tissue elevations were examined, and in the fifth case we examined the soft and bony specimen from the posterior aspect of maxillary ridge. We evaluated all of them histologically and immunohistochemically for cytokeratin to reach final diagnosis.

The significance of techniques used for detecting micro-metastasis (MM) or isolated tumor cells (ITCs) is a controversial issue among investigators. We evaluated the different techniques used on sentinel lymph node (SLN) to detect MM/ITCs.

Ninety-one SLNs of 15 patients underwent serial section with 100 μm interval. In each level, two sections were prepared. One section was stained with H&E and another with anti-cytokeratin antibody (immunohistochemistry). Then the sections were evaluated for detecting MM/ITCs. Results were analyzed by chi-square test.

1656 sections of 91 SLNs of 15 patients were evaluated by a pathologist; MM was found in 1 and ITCs in 1 case. Overall, 2 out of 15 cases (13.3% of the patients) showed MM/ITCs by IHC staining. So, serial section along with using IHC was superior than serial section and routine H&E staining. But it did not affect the 5-year survival of the patients (P = 0.47).

Using the combined techniques of serial section and IHC staining could up-stage 13.3% of colon cancer patients who were lymph node negative. In other studies with different combination of serial section, IHC staining, and PCR, investigators were able to find MM/ITCs in 3-39% of the cases. In our study, although serial section and IHC staining could up-stage 13.3% of patients, it could not affect the 5-year survival of the patients.

Context: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death, disability, and resource consumption per year. There are two kinds of brain injury in TBI, primary and secondary injuries. Primary injury refers to the initial physical forces applied to the brain at the moment of impact. Secondary injury occurs over a period of hours or days following the initial trauma and results from the activation of different pathways such as inflammation, coagulation, oxidation, and apoptosis..Evidence Acquisition: This review focuses on new prognostic biomarkers of mortality in TBI patients related to inflammation, coagulation, oxidation, and apoptosis.. Recently circulating levels of substance P (SP), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, malondialdehyde (MDA), and cytokeratin (CK)-18 fragmented have been found to be associated with mortality in TBI patients. Substance P is a neuropeptide of the tachykinin family, mainly synthesized in the central and peripheral nervous system, with proinflammatory effects when binding to their neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). Soluble CD40 ligand, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family that is released into circulation from activated platelets, exhibit proinflamatory, and procoagulant properties on binding to their cell surface receptor CD40. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-containing endoproteinases involved neuroinflammation and TIMP-1 is the inhibitor of some of them. Malondialdehyde is an end-product formed during lipid peroxidation due to degradation of cellular membrane phospholipids, that is released into extracellular space and finally into the blood. Cytokeratin -18 is cleaved by the action of caspases during apoptosis, and CK-18 fragmented is released into the blood.. Circulating levels of some biomarkers, such as SP, sCD40L, TIMP-1, MDA, and CK-18 fragmented, related to inflammation, coagulation, oxidation, and apoptosis have been recently associated with mortality in patients with TBI. These biomarkers could help in the prognostic classification of the patients and open new research lines in the treatment of patients with TBI..

As an important intermediate filament protein within liver cells, cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) has been confirmed as a potential indicator in various hepatitis progressions.. We sought to clarify the connection between serum CK-18 levels and hepatitis pathogenesis in the present meta-analysis.. With the application of various computerized databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Web of Science, China BioMedicine (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), published papers that assessed the relationship between serum CK-18 levels and hepatitis were obtained. The main key words used are “Hepatitis”, “hepatitides”, “Cytokeratin-18”, “Keratin-18” and “CK-18”. Statistical analysis was conducted using the STATA software (version 12.0).. Eight case-control studies published between 2010 and 2014 were confirmed eligible, according to our selection criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that serum levels of CK-18 in hepatitis patients were higher compared to healthy controls (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.71, 95%CI: 2.27-5.14, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity and disease implicated that high serum CK-18 levels might be a risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (all P < 0.05) among Asians (SMD = 2.89, 95%CI: 2.35-3.43, P < 0.001), Africans (SMD = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.12-1.26, P = 0.017), and Caucasians (SMD = 4.86, 95%CI: 1.82-7.89, P = 0.002).. Serum CK-18 levels in hepatitis patients were higher, compared with healthy controls. Our results revealed the clinical values of CK-18, in combination with other apoptosis markers, in identifying the development of hepatitis..