جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « dialysis instrument » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

During patients’ hemodialysis Circle, the amount of heavy metals in feed water to dialysis instrument and the patient’s blood are changed. The present study aims at evaluating the trend of lead, cadmium, chromium and zinc concentration in feed water to reverse osmosis, dialysis instrument and blood of hemodialysis patients in 7 hospitals of Kermanshah. A total of 42 samples of feed water, 42 samples of reverse osmosis systems permeate and 42 samples of hemodialysis instrument permeate were collected from 7 hospitals in Kermanshah. The collected samples were analyzed and the concentration of lead, chromium, cadmium and zinc were determined by using ICP (DV-Optima2100 model) according to a standard method. Furthermore, statistical analysis was carried out by using one-sample t-test to compare mean quality of feed water of dialysis instrument with AAMI and EPH standards. In addition, ANOVA test was used for comparing the results of three sample groups. The obtained results indicated that the mean concentration of lead, cadmium, chromium and zinc in feed water of reverse osmosis system (drinking water), were 18.53± 8.25, 0.706± 0.42, 86.06 ± 5.56, 112.67± 63.56pbb, respectively. Also, quantity of these constituents in the feed and permeate of electrolysis device was 18.81±5.32, 0.719±0.53, 84.25±2.46, 43.39±19.4pbb and 12.5±6.32, 1.39±0.87, 66.15±13.54, 60.38±22.39pbb, respectively. Due to obtained results, the removal efficiency of zinc and chromium by reverse osmosis system in dialysis instrument were 61.5 and 2.1%, respectively, while it was not effective in removing lead and cadmium metals. Discussion & Increasing the level of lead and cadmium in permeate water of the reverse osmosis system rather than the feed water indicated that the reverse osmosis membrane function is out of service; as a result, it is required to be washed or replaced. Decreasing both lead and chromium metals in permeate solution of the dialysis instrument revealed the addition of the amount of those two hazardous metals to the blood of hemodialysis patients, which could be related to reverse osmosis membrane deficiency and high concentration of metals in its water permeate.

Background and The chemical quality of feed water to dialysis instrument is very important، especially in terms of heavy metals which could cause serious health problems for dialysis patients. This study aimed to determine the concentration of selected heavy metals (lead، cadmium، chromium and zinc) in feed water to dialysis instrument and compared that with EPH and AAMI standards in hospitals of Kermanshah province in 2014. A total of 42 samples of feed water، and 42 samples of permeate water (feed water to dialysis instrument) of reverse osmosis systems were collected from Kermanshah province hospitals. The collected samples were analyzed and the concentrations of lead، chromium، cadmium and zinc were determined using ICP (DV-Optima2100 model) according to standard methods. Then، the mean concentrations were compared with AAMI and EPH standards. The mean concentration of lead، cadmium، chromium and zinc in permeate water of reverse osmosis system was 18. 81± 14. 32، 0. 719± 0. 53، 84. 25 ± 2. 46 and 43. 39± 19. 1 ppb، respectively. The efficiency of the settled reverse osmosis system before dialysis instrument was 61. 5 and 2. 1%، in removal of zinc and chromium، respectively. But this system was found inefficient in removal of lead and cadmium. The mean concentrations of lead and chromium in the permeate water from the reverse osmosis system was higher than limited standards of AAMI and EPH، but the mean concentrations of chromium and zinc were lower than mentioned standards in all investigated hospitals. Therefore، the reverse osmosis system was able to decrease zinc in moderate and chromium in lower levels، but it was not effective in the removal of other heavy metals. So، periodic washing and cleaning or replacing the membrane of the reverse osmosis system is highly recommended.