جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "dosage form" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The present study produces a new, accurate, and simple spectrofluorimetric technique for the determination of pregabalin after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate in mild basic medium. Pregabalin, containing a primary amine group, reacts with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate, a fluorophore reagent, in borate buffer and produces a fluorescent derivative. The maximum fluorescence intensity of the derivative and reagent was obtained at 315 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The fluorescence intensity of the reagent increases after derivatization with pregabalin, and the difference in the fluorescence intensity is proportional to the concentration of pregabalin. Experimental parameters which affect the derivatization reaction were studied. The best derivatization reaction between pregabalin and 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate was obtained after 30 sec. when 40 µg mL-1 of the reagent was used in a borate buffer of pH 9.0. Under optimized conditions, the linearity range (6-150 µg mL-1) of the method with a correlation coefficient of r2 0.9998, accuracy (Error<1.7%), and precision (CV<2.0%) was acceptable. The validated method was utilized for quantifying pregabalin in dosage form without interferences and showed good agreement with a reference method. 

Mometasone furoate is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, asthma, and dermatoses. In this study, a spectrophotometric method, as a selective and sensitive method, was developed for the determination of mometasone furoate after derivatization. For this purpose, mometasone was first reacted with sodium cyanide to prepare the drug derivatives. After that, the effects of different variables such as reaction solvent, concentration of the reagents, pH, and reaction time were studied. The final results showed that the determination method was linear in the range of 2-18 μg/ml. It seems that after 24 hours, the reaction was complete. The reaction product was characterized by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, and the accuracy and precision of the developed method were also studied. At last, the method was checked on Mometasone Ointment (0.1%), and the results were compared with the results of the HPLC method as a standard method.

There were many natural pharmaceutical dosage forms cited by Persian pharmacists and physicians in the historical pharmacopeias (Qarabadins). This work aimed to perform a comprehensive study on “Qarābādin-e-Sālehi” (1765 A.D.), one of the main Persian pharmaceutical manuscripts defining traditional dosage forms. All traditional dosage forms as well as their definitions, descriptions and considerations were extracted by reviewing “Qarābādin-e-Sālehi”. Then, the textbook of “Aulton's Pharmaceutics; the design and manufacture of medicines” was considered to compare the medieval knowledge of pharmaceutics with current ones. Overall, there were 226 different dosage forms which have been cited in traditional Persian pharmacy. Since many of them were related to the preparation method, the final list of dosage form was shortened to nearly 60 items including solid, semisolid, liquid and gaseous forms. On the other hand, almost 40 forms with oral, topical, nasal, parenteral, vaginal and rectal routes of administration are mentioned as current dosage forms. Some of the dosage forms are similar or as the same in traditional and current pharmacy. But, there were too many novel dosage forms in traditional Persian pharmacy. There were 11 types of traditional nasal forms whereas, this route is still known as a novel route of administration. Also 5 different ophthalmic dosage forms have been cited in the textbook. Many of traditional dosage forms were designed according to the medical purposes. Several current dosage forms have roots in the historical definitions and can be found in Persian medicine. However, there are forgotten traditional dosage forms which can be modified and optimized in pharmacy nowadays.

The objective of this study was to develop a floating drug delivery system (FDDS) from metformin hydrochloride to enhance gastro residence time (GRT), with floating properties which remain in the stomach more than gastric empting time (GET). Eight batches were prepared using hydrophilic polymers as release-retarding, and sodium bicarbonate as a gas former by direct compression technique. The effects of effervescent agent (sodium bicarbonate) and a binary combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K4M with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or carbopol934 on floating properties and drug release profile were investigated. Drug release study was evaluated for 12 hours using USP paddle-type dissolution apparatus using 0.1N HCl in 37±0.5˚C as dissolution medium. The swelling index, floating behavior and kinetic parameter were found to be regulated by polymers and CO2 generating agent content. The results of powder ingredients and compressed tablets showed acceptable physicochemical properties. It was found that polymer content affected in the release rate constant and diffusion exponent. Statistical analyses of formulations data exhibited that F7 formulation was promising systems revealing excellent floating properties and sustained drug release characteristics. The MDT and DE12h of F7 formulation were calculated to be 5.26h and 49.88%, respectively. Drug release profile of F7 formulation followed non-Fickian diffusion with Hixson-crowell model.

Over one hundred different pharmaceutical dosage forms have been recorded in literatures of Traditional Persian Medicine among which nasal forms are considerable.. This study designed to derive the most often applied nasal dosage forms together with those brief clinical administrations.. In the current study remaining pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persia during 9th to 18th century AD have been studied and different dosage forms related to nasal application of herbal medicines and their therapeutic effects were derived.. By searching through pharmaceutical manuscripts of medieval Persia, different nasal dosage forms involving eleven types related to three main groups are found. These types could be derived from powder, solution or liquid and gaseous forms. Gaseous form were classified into fumigation (Bakhoor), vapor bath (Enkebab), inhalation (Lakhlakheh), aroma agents (Ghalieh) and olfaction or smell (Shomoom). Nasal solutions were as drops (Ghatoor), nasal snuffing drops (Saoot) and liquid snuff formulations (Noshoogh). Powders were as nasal insufflation or snorting agents (Nofookh) and errhine or sternutator medicine (Otoos). Nasal forms were not applied only for local purposes. Rather systemic disorders and specially CNS complications were said to be a target for these dosage forms.. While this novel type of drug delivery is known as a suitable substitute for oral and parenteral administration, it was well accepted and extensively mentioned in Persian medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts and other traditional systems of medicine as well. Accordingly, medieval pharmaceutical standpoints on nasal dosage forms could still be an interesting subject of study. Therefore, the current work can briefly show the pharmaceutical knowledge on nasal formulations in medieval Persia and clarify a part of history of traditional Persian pharmacy.