جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ear protective devices" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Sleep deprivation along with subsequent increased blood pressure and heart rate can lead to higher risk among patients admitted to Coronary Care Units (CCUs). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of use of earplugs on sleep quality and its domains (sleep disturbance, supplementary sleep and the effectiveness of sleep) in CCU patients. This cross-over randomized clinical trial study was carried out on 92 CCU patients in 2 groups of A (using earplugs at the first night and no earplugs at the second night) and B (no earplugs at the first night and using earplugs at the second night). Data collection was done using a two-part tool including a researcher-made questionnaire on individual and socio-demographic information related to disease and standard scale of Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale (VSH Sleep Scale). Earning higher scores was described as poor sleep quality in the overall quality of sleep and its domains. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, ANOVA and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) logistic regression. The results revealed that the female participants made up the majority of samples in both groups A and B (54.2 and 60.4%). The use of earplugs significantly reduced the quality of sleep disturbance domain in both groups A and B (P=0.0001 and P=0.021, respectively), and the supplementary sleep domain in group A (P=0.027). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean change in overall sleep quality score and its domains within the two nights. Finally, the GEE-based regression test based on controlling the individual and social and disease-associated factors indicates the effect of use of earplugs in reducing the quality of sleep (B=3.1 and P=0.0001) and its domains, including sleep disturbance (B=-5.59 and P=0.021), supplementary sleep (B=3.33 and P=0.0001) and sleep effectiveness (B=-1.43 and P=0.027). The negative effects of using earplugs on overall sleep quality and its domains in this study highlights the need to carry out further researches in order to find an effective method to improve sleep quality in CCU patients.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most common occupational diseases and the second most common cause of worker's claims for occupational injuries.
Due to high prevalence of NIHL and several reports of improper use of hearing protective devices (HPDs), we conducted this study to compare the effect of face-to-face training in effective use of earplugs with appropriate NRR to overprotection of workers by using earplugs with higher than necessary noise reduction rating (NRR).
In a randomized clinical trial, 150 workers referred to occupational medicine clinic were randomly allocated to three arms—a group wearing earplugs with an NRR of 25 with no training in appropriate use of the device; a group wearing earplugs with an NRR of 25 with training; another group wearing earplugs with an NRR of 30, with no training. Hearing threshold was measured in the study groups by real ear attenuation at threshold (REAT) method. This trial is registered with Australian New Zealand clinical trials Registry, number ACTRN00363175.
The mean±SD age of the participants was 28±5 (range: 19–39) years. 42% of participants were female. The mean noise attenuation in the group with training was 13.88 dB, significantly higher than those observed in other groups. The highest attenuation was observed in high frequencies (4, 6, and 8 kHz) in the group with training.
Training in appropriate use of earplugs significantly affects the efficacy of earplugs—even more than using an earplug with higher NRR.

Sleep disturbance depends on factors such as noise and light in cardiac care unit (CCU). It can lead to acute coronary syndrome in some patients. This study was designed to compare the effect of using eye mask and earplugs in improvement of sleep in CCU patients. This randomized clinical trial conducted on 90 patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Jiroft in 1390. The IRCT registration code was IRCT201205139731N1. Participants at the first night of admission were randomly divided into three groups: eye mask, earplugs and both eye mask and earplugs users. According to crossover method, half of the patients in each group were assumed control for themselves the first night and the other half on the second night. The VSH-scale was used. The data was analyzed by paired T-test. The mean score of sleep quality showed a significant difference before and after the intervention in all groups (P <0.05). This difference was just on the sleep disturbance criterion in eye mask and earplugs group (p=0.044) and was in the criterion of sleep disturbance (p =0.003) and effectiveness (p =0.004) in eye mask group. Patient of earplug group showed advances in all criterion of sleep quality (supplement, disturbance and effectiveness) (P <0.001). Results suggest that eye mask and earplugs improve sleep but earplugs are more effective. Eye mask and earplugs as low-cost, comfortable and uncomplicated devices can improve sleep quality in patients. Nurses can use these devices for reducing the environmental factors to help patient’s sleep.