جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "emerging disease" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Dengue fever, caused by dengue virus, is a mosquito-borne virus, which poses a significant public health threat worldwide. Fifteen countries have a water or land border with Iran. This review deals with the distribution of dengue fever in Iran’s neighboring countries and the risk of transmission to Iran. The disease and the infected Aedes mosquitoes with dengue virus have reached the borders of Iran, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. There are imported cases in more countries neighboring Iran, including Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and Turkey. The disease is widespread in Sindh Province of Pakistan. While indigenous case of dengue fever has not yet been reported in Iran, its presence in nearby regions raises concerns about its potential spread due to the imported cases that have been reported.

Human rhinovirus (HRV), a major cause of common cold, was associated to the hospitaliza- tion of children and adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence, and genotype distribution of HRV in the patients with mild to severe respiratory infections who were negative for SARS-Cov-2.

Nasopharyngeal swab specimens (n = 356) from the patients aged 29 days to 82 years, received for the respiratory virus detection from January to December 2021, were analyzed for human rhinovirus (HRV) by RT- PCR. As a final step, genotyping was performed on obtained sequences.

A total of 37 HRV infections were identified (37/356, 10%). The highest rates of positive HRV tests were observed in February (21.6%), and January (18.9%), compared with June and August (0%). HRV-positive cases mainly appeared in winter. Among the age groups, those 2-<5 years of age had the highest detection rate (21%), however, those >55 years of age had the lowest detection rate (3%). Among HRV-positive samples, 30 (81%) were identified as type HRV-A, 5 (13.5%) as HRV-B, and 2 (5.5%) as HRV-C.

Our results suggested that HRV frequency gradually decreased with the age of patients which is more active in Iran, especially in the cold months.

Unknown cases of pneumonia appeared in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. Following the worldwide spread of the disease, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The total number of infected people worldwide as of December 16, 2020, was more than 74 million, more than one million and six hundred thousand of whom died from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to identify the risk factors for the mortality of COVID-19 in Hamadan, west of Iran.
This cross-sectional study used the information of all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Shahid Beheshti and Sina hospitals in Hamadan during January 2020-November 2020. Logistic regression model, decision tree, and random forest were used to assess risk factors for death due to COVID-19.
This study was conducted on 1853 people with COVID-19. Blood urea nitrogen change, SPO2 at admission, the duration of hospitalization, age, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, number of breaths, complete blood count, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, and sodium were effective predictors in both methods of decision tree and random forest.
The risk factors identified in the present study may serve as surrogate indicators to identify the risk of death due to COVID-19. The proper model to predict COVID-19-related mortality is random forest based on sensitivity.

In Jan 2020, the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China spread increasingly to other countries worldwide which WHO declared it as a public health emergency of international concern. Iran was included in the affected countries. Throat swab specimens were collected and tested by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) kit targeting the E region for screening and RNA dependent RNA polymerase for confirmation. Conventional RT-PCR was conducted for the N region and the PCR products were sequenced by Sanger sequencing. The first seven cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified in Qom, Iran. This report describes the clinical and epidemiological features of the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed in Iran. Future research should focus on finding the routes of transmission for this virus, including the possibility of transmission from foreign tourists to identify the possible origin of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Iran.