جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "fasting plasma glucose" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Due to specific metabolic changes during pregnancy, identifying pregnancy risks and timely intervention can improve the health of the mother and baby. The best results for preventing gestational diabetes are achieved through lifestyle measures early in pregnancy. Today, abnormal fasting plasma glucose (FBS) is routinely measured in early pregnancy, but its association with pregnancy outcomes is ambiguous. This study aims to investigate the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and other pregnancy outcomes in women with FBS levels in the first trimester of pregnancy.

This prospective descriptive study was conducted on 230 women with singleton pregnancies at the clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari in 2022. After obtaining informed consent, blood samples were collected from pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy, and FBS levels were recorded. Additionally, between the 24th and 28th weeks of pregnancy, women underwent a re-examination based on the results of the 75g glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Based on FBS levels, women were divided into two groups: normal (92-100 mg/dL) and abnormal (101-126 mg/dL). All mothers were followed up during pregnancy, and on average, 2 days after giving birth, the pregnancy outcomes of both the mother and the baby were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.

The mean and standard deviation of mothers' age in the mothers of the normal FBS group were 31.05 ± 5.61 years, and in the mothers of the abnormal FBS group, it was 32.46 ± 6.24 years. The number of pregnancies in 64% (n=80) and 51.4% (n=54) of mothers was less than or equal to two pregnancies, and the number of deliveries was less than or equal to 2 births in 75.2% (n=94) and 66.7% (n=70) respectively. The most common underlying disease was hypothyroidism, which was present in 20% of mothers with normal FBS and 21% of mothers with abnormal FBS. The results showed that in weeks 24 to 28 of pregnancy, 56.5% (n=130) of mothers had impaired oral glucose tolerance tests, which was statistically significant (P=0.048). The relationship between stillbirth (P=0.593), IUGR fetus (P=0.392), blood pressure disorders related to pregnancy (P=0.904), neonatal hypoglycemia (P=1), liquid ammonia level in the 28th week of pregnancy (P=0.915) and the 36th week of pregnancy (P=0.537), and the Apgar score of the first minute (P=0.514) and the fifth minute (P=0.296) were not significant with abnormal FBS in the first pregnancy. There was a substantial relationship between impaired OGTT and first-pregnancy FBS, and 69.5% of mothers with first-pregnancy FBS in the range of 101-126 mg/dL had impaired OGTT (P<0.0001). Also, the type of cesarean delivery (P=0.037) insulin intake (P=0.031), and gestational age less than 37 weeks at the time of delivery (P=0.047), had a significant relationship with the first FBS of pregnancy.

The results showed that FBS in the first trimester is related to gestational diabetes and pregnancy outcomes and can be used as a simple and low-cost screening test to identify pregnancies at risk of GDM and some adverse pregnancy outcomes, including the type of delivery. Insulin and gestational age should be assessed at the time of delivery.

Background and Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder with lipid disturbances, is associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and central obesity. The aim of this study was to determine lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS in comparison with a control group.
This case-control study was conducted on 153 women with PCOS and 449 healthy women as controls. Data was extracted from data center of Diabetes Research Center of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences including women from 4 cities of Khuzestan province (Ahwaz, Behbahan, Abadan, and Khorramshahr). Serum lipids, plasma fasting glucose, and serum insulin levels along with Body Mass Index (BMI), Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA IR), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), and Body Adiposity Index were compared using appropriate statistical tests.
The frequency of low HDL and high total cholesterol was higher in women with PCOS than control group (p =0.032, and p =0.001, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found between two studied groups in the mean levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, fasting glucose, HOMA IR, LAP, and PA (p >0.05). In women with BMI30. In women with BMI>30, the mean triglyceride and glucose levels was higher in PCOS group than control group (p =0.029, and p =0.010).
In this study, In obese women, the triglyceride and fasting glucose levels are higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than healthy women. In non-obese women, however, the total cholesterol level is higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than healthy women.

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a marker of T cell activation. ADA catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and modulates the bioactivity of insulin. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible relationship between ADA activity and various clinical and metabolic parameters, including fasting plasma sugar (FBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), in gestational diabetes (GDM).

Fasting ADA activity, FBS, HBA1c, serum insulin level, and blood lipids were measured in 70 GDM patients and in 70 non-diabetic pregnant subjects. Insulin resistance was measured using a homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

ADA activity was increased in the GDM patients compared with that in the non-diabetic pregnant subjects (mean ± standard error, 13.9 ± 7.1 U/L vs. 9.6 ± 3.8 U/L; p value <0.0001). ADA activity was correlated with FBS (r=0.277, p value =0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.344, p value <0.0001). HOMA-IR was higher in the GDM patients than that in the non-diabetic pregnant subjects; however, no correlation was observed between ADA activity and HOMA-IR.

Our results show that ADA activity, as a marker of T cell activation, is increased in GDM. Serum levels of ADA activity are positively correlated with glycemic control.

Diabetes mellitus contains a group of common metabolic disorders that induces problems in health status. Its prevalence is increasing in the world, due to increase the rate of obesity and decrease in physical activities. This study was done to evaluate incidence of diabetes and prevalence in rural areas of Kalaleh city(North of Iran). In this descriptive cross-sectional study all persons over 30 years old were enrolled, according to diagnosis of diabetes before 2005 or diagnosis in the screening programs (with FPG>126 in two turns) in rural areas of Kalaleh during 2005-06. After collection of demographic data with questionnaires and laboratory findings, they were entered to computer with SPSS-15 software. Central and distributive indices and incidence & prevalence of diabetes were assumed according to the whole population. In this study, 394 cases were enrolled. Incidence and prevalence of diabetes was 0.6% and 1.13%, respectively. Mean age of cases was 51.61 years. Male to female ratio was 0.4. Mean BMI was 29.43 kg/m2 and a significant difference was seen between two gender (P<0.05). Most of the cases were Turkmen (72.8%). Illiterates were the major group (77.2%) and 1.8% had diploma or higher educational levels. Prevalence and incidence of diabetes was lower than the other area of Iran.