جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « fat tissue » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

mTOR and CREB proteins are two important factors in cellular pathways and regulating fat tissue metabolism. Therefore, the aim of this research is the effect of endurance training on the amount of mTOR and CREB proteins in the adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 18 rats 2-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270±20g were selected. 12 rats became type 2 diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin solutions. These rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: diabetic training and diabetic control (6 heads per group); A healthy control group (6 heads) was also considered. The training group practiced endurance training 4 days a week for 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests.

mTOR protein content showed a significant change after 6 weeks of endurance training (P=0.0001); Tukey's post hoc test showed that this change was significant between the pairs of diabetic training groups to healthy controls (P=0.004) and diabetic control groups to healthy controls (P=0.0001). CREB protein content showed a significant change (P=0.0001); this change was significant between the pairs of diabetic training to diabetic control groups (P=0.02), diabetic training to healthy control (P=0.0001), and diabetic control to healthy control groups (P=0.0001).

mTOR and CREB proteins decreased after Endurance Training, which can be effective in regulating adipose tissue metabolism; however, more training conditions should be considered.

FoxO1 and STRA13 proteins play an important role in duplication and cellular metabolism, regulation of cell differentiation, apoptosis and reducing the spread of fat tissue in the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different intensities of aerobic training on the expression level of FoxO1 and STRA13 genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of male Wistar rats.

In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats with a mean age of 8 weeks and weight of 237±33 gr were selected, and they were randomly divided into 4 equal groups including moderate-intensity aerobic training (MIT), high-intensity aerobic training (HIT), high-intensity interval aerobic training (HIIT) and control group. The training program was implemented 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week for the experimental groups,. Adipose tissue biopsy was performed 48 hours after the last training session to evaluate FoxO1 and STRA13 gene expression using  RT-PCR method. Data were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance test using SPSS 24 software at the significance level of p<0.05.

The results showed that there was a significant difference in the FoxO1 gene expression level in the subcutaneous tissue of male Wistar rats between HIT and control groups (p=0.0001). However, no significant difference was observed between experimental groups. In addition, there was a significant difference in STRA13 gene expression level in the subcutaneous tissue between MIT (p=0.008), HIT (p=0.0001) and HIIT (p=0.009) groups and control group.

According to the results, aerobic exercise with variety of intensity is effective in controlling the genes expression rate involved in fat metabolism and by reducing the FoxO1 and STRA13 genes expression, they cause the duplication and reduce the expansion of fat tissue.

The dosimetry of the brachytherapy sources is performed in the water source medium according to protocol TG-43U1. To achieve a resonable results on treatment, the use of the water material for all body tissues can be one of the faulty sources in delivering the correct dose to the tumor. Thus, we have focused on the dosimetry parameters in fat density 0.95 gr/cm3 and the muscle with density 1.05 gr/cm3 in the present study. The results are compared with the results of the water phantom to show the accurate accessment via the differences of the results.
Dissymmetry simulations for determining the parameters of the radial dose function and the anisotropy function in fat tissues, muscle and water phantom distances and different angles has been using MCNP4C code.
The greatest relative differences of the phantom radial dose function of the fat tissue at distances below 1cm approximately reached 13%; and this rate increased, when the distance from the source increased; whereas at the distance of 5cm from the source, it approximately reached 167%. In the muscle tissue, the relative difference of these parameters was about 3% at the distance of 0.5cm, while at the distance of 5cm from the source, it approximately increased 16%. The maximum relative difference of the anisotropy parameter of the fat and muscle tissue phantom compared with the water were observed more than 2% and 3%, respectively.
In the clinical application of the 103Pd brachytherapy source, which is contracted in the treatment of the adjacent malignant tumors to the fat and muscle tissues, the correct decisions must be applied on the tissue dosimetry parameters in the treatment planings according to the tables of 3, 4, 5 and 6 in this study.

Liposuction is one of the most popular procedures for removing unwanted body fat deposits now. The conventional methods for liposuction however have many drawbacks; among them is long recovery time, scars, bruising, skin flaccidity and excessive blood loss. Considering the increasing demand for body sculpting, the need to improve these techniques is of vital importance. One of these newly proposed techniques is laser assisted lipolysis. Laser lipolysis is now widely used for body contouring and sculpting. Less trauma, bleeding and pain is among the main advantages of this method. Photons propagation and scattering within the biological tissues can effectively investigated by using numerical methods. In this study we used the Monte Carlo simulation method to simulate photons directions, absorption and scattering inside the tissue. This method uses a random number generator for photons creation, moving inside the tissue and termination. In this simulation we considered both the wavelength and fluence variations effects on the photon absorption rate and penetration depth inside the fat tissue. Our study showed the increasing of penetration depth with decreasing of absorption coefficient. We observed that deepest penetration depth for 920 nm wavelength as it has lowest absorption coefficient. We also concluded that increasing the laser power (increase in fluence of laser) resulted in increasing the penetration depth of laser radiation. Increasing the radius of laser beam (decreasing the fluence) on the other hand resulted in reduction in penetration depth. Monte Carlo simulation of radiation propagation within the biological tissue has proved to be an efficient method. This method effectively simulates the physical components of laser radiation. Our findings indicate that to have laser lipolysis more efficient and safe, it is essential to choose suitable wavelength.