جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « genes » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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Background
Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a common cancer with a poor prognosis and high re-currence rate. We aimed to identify potential biomarkers for LIHC by investigating the involvement of hub genes, microRNAs (miRNAs), transcription factors (TFs), and protein kinases (PKs) in its occurrence.
Methodswe conducted a bioinformatics analysis using microarray datasets, the TCGA-LIHC dataset, and text mining to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with LIHC. They then performed function-al enrichment analysis and gene-disease association analysis. The protein-protein interaction network of the genes was established, and hub genes were identified. The expression levels and survival analysis of these hub genes were evaluated, and their association with miRNAs, TFs, and PKs was assessed.
ResultsThe analysis identified 122 common genes involved in LIHC pathogenesis. Ten hub genes were fil-tered out, including CDK1, CCNB1, CCNB2, CCNA2, ASPM, NCAPG, BIRC5, RRM2, KIF20A, andCENPF. The expression level of all hub genes was confirmed, and high expression levels of all hub genes were correlated with poor overall survival of LIHC patients.
ConclusionIdentifying potential biomarkers for LIHC can aid in the design of targeted treatments and im-prove the survival of LIHC patients. The findings of this study provide a basis for further research in the field of LIHC and contribute to the understanding of its molecular pathogenesis.
Keywords: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Genes, Molecular Pathway, Systems Biology} -
BackgroundCongenital Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of infant mortality with some problems in the heart's structure at birth. One of the most common congenital heart diseases is the septal defect, in which there is a hole in the wall (septum). Although the etiology of CHD is mainly unknown, numerous studies have suggested both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of this disease. This study aims to investigate the frequency of -964 A>G polymorphism (rs153109) in the IL27 gene in infants with CHD in Yazd province, Iran.MethodsThe study included 30 infants with CHD. We genotyped the IL27 polymorphism by using the PCR- Sequencing technique.ResultsData revealed that the frequencies of AA, AG, and GG among the population of Yazd province were 40%, 40%, and 20%, respectively. The frequency of A and G alleles were 60% and 40%, respectively.ConclusionThe higher frequency of the A allele in patients with CHD compared to the G allele suggests that the A allele may increase atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect susceptibility in Yazd province. It is recommended that the presence of the A allele and AG genotype be used as a predictor for the development of septal defects.Keywords: Congenital Heart Disease, Ventricular Septal Defect, Atrial Septal Defect, Interleukin- 27, Genes}
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and it has been found to have a strong genetic component. In recent years, there has been much interest in the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CVD. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs. Many studies have shown that miRNAs play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including the regulation of cellular functions involved in the development of CVD. Several miRNAs have been identified that are involved in the pathogenesis of CVD, and some of them are associated with specific cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension or diabetes. It has been suggested that targeting specific miRNAs or combinations of miRNAs could serve as a novel therapeutic approach for CVD. Moreover, studies have also shown that certain genes are involved in CVD risk and progression leading to different clinical manifestations like coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular disease. Some of these genes are involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and cell proliferation and differentiation, and their expression is regulated by miRNAs. In conclusion, a complex interaction between genes and miRNAs contributes to CVD pathogenesis, and further research is required to fully understand the mechanisms involved. Nevertheless, the identification of specific miRNAs that are involved in CVD provides potential targets for future therapeutics.
Keywords: MicroRNA, CVD, Genes} -
مقدمه
ایزووالریک اسیدمی اولین بیماری اسیدمی آلی شناخته شده در انسان است که به علت نقص در آنزیم ایزووالریل کوآنزیم A دهیدروژناز ایجاد می گردد. جهش های متعددی از ژن ایزووالریل کوآنزیم A دهیدروژناز در ارتباط با بیماری شناسایی شده است. با توجه به مشاهده مواردی از این بیماری در استان های شمالی ایران و همچنین بالا بودن میزان ازدواج فامیلی در این منطقه، ما در این پژوهش بر آنیم تا با مطالعه موردی بیمار مبتلا به ایزووالریک اسیدمی و توالی یابی ژن موردنظر، جهش منجر به بیماری را شناسایی نماییم.
مواد و روش هایک پسر 5 ساله با وزن 21 کیلوگرم و قد 5/105 سانتی متر (گروه خونی AB+) با اختلال در یادگیری و تکلم به پزشک مراجعه نمود. پس از انجام آزمایشات گوناگون از قبیل تست های بیوشیمیایی CBC، سرولوژی و ادرار روتین، آزمایش ناهنجاری های متابولیکی از قبیل تست های ناهنجاری های اسیدهای آمینه و اکسیداسیون اسیدهای چرب و... انجام گرفت. DNA از نمونه خون بیمار و 9 عضو از اعضای خانواده وی استخراج شد و بعد از انجام واکنش زنجیره ای پلی مراز، به روش سنگر توالی یابی گردید.
نتایجپروفایل اسید کارنتین، افزایش میزان ایزووالریل کارنتین را نشان داد (C5= 4.74 micmol/l, cutoff > 0.47 micmol/l). همچنین، در بررسی اسیدهای آلی ادرار، افزایش ایزووالریل گلایسین مشاهده شد (69/0< cutoff ، 02/91%(. در مجموع این یافته ها بیانگر بیماری ایزووالریک اسیدمی می باشد. جهش جدید A>T 391 در اگزون 4 ژن IVD شناسایی و هتروزیگوت بودن برخی از اعضای خانواده بیمار مشخص گردید.
نتیجه گیریدر پژوهش حاضر، کودک مبتلا به بیماری ایزووالریک اسیدمی دارای جهش جدید (c.391A>T) در ژن IVD است که منجر به تغییر اسید آمینه آسپاراژین به تیروزین می گردد. مطالعه شیوع و پراکندگی آلل جهش یافته ژن IVD با توجه به رواج ازدواج های فامیلی در شمال کشور پیشنهاد می گردد.
کلید واژگان: ایزووالریک اسیدمی, ژن ها, ایزووالریل کوآ دهیدروژناز, جهش}IntroductionIsovaleric acidemia is the first recognized organic acidemia disorder in humans caused by a defect in the enzyme isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase. There are some cases of this disease in the northern provinces of Iran, where there is a high rate of consanguineous marriages. Therefore, this study aims to identify mutations occurring in patients with isovaleric acidemia diagnosed.
MethodsThe patient is a 5-year-old male child (weight: 21 kg, height: 105.5 cm, blood group AB+) with a learning and speech disorder. Routine blood and urine tests, as well as metabolic abnormalities tests such as amino acid abnormalities and fatty acid oxidation, were performed. The DNA was extracted from the blood samples of the patient and nine family members and sequenced using the Sanger method.
ResultsThe carnitine/acylcarnitine profile showed an increased amount of isovalerylcarnitine (C5=4.74 micromol/l, cutoff>0.47 micromol/l). Furthermore, in the urine organic acids test, an increase in isovalerylglycine (91.02%, cutoff<0.69) was observed. A new mutation, c.391A>T, was identified in exon 4 of the IVD gene. Some members of the patient's family were also heterozygous.
ConclusionThe results indicated that the patient has a new mutation (c.391A>T) in the IVD gene, which leads to a change of amino acid asparagine to tyrosine.
Keywords: Isovaleric acidemia, Genes, Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, Mutation} -
Gastroenterology and Hepatology From Bed to Bench Journal, Volume:16 Issue: 4, Autumn 2023, PP 401 -407Aim
Due to weak diagnosis and treatment of PDAC, detection of PDAC possible biomarkers in early stage is the main aim of this study.
BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known as an exocrine cancer with a 5-year overall survival of 11%.
MethodsGene expression profiles of early stage of PDAC tissue and normal tissue are downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) and evaluated via GEO2R. The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are investigated via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and gene ontology.
ResultsAmong 104 DEGs, ALB, COL1A1, COL1A2, MMP1, POSTN, PLAU, and COL3A1 were pointed out as hub nodes. “Gelatin degradation by MMP1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13” group of 52 biological terms were identified as the main affected terms.
ConclusionIn conclusion, ALB, MMP1, and COL1A1 genes were highlighted as possible biomarkers of early stage of PDAC. Dysfunction of extracellular matrix was identified as a main event in patients.
Keywords: pancreas.cancer, protein, network analysis, Genes} -
Precision medicine is a medical approach that involves customizing therapy for an individual by using extensive biological and external data. The rapid progress in the disciplines of molecular biology, gene sequencing, machine learning, and related technologies has facilitated the use of precision medicine. This approach utilizes the wealth of comprehensive information obtained from these advancements to improve the decision-making process in clinical treatment for individuals, particularly in real-time scenarios during the progression of a disease. Diabetes mellitus is a significant worldwide health issue, requiring the implementation of novel strategies to enhance patient outcomes. The efficacy of conventional treatment options that use a uniform approach has been shown to be limited in effectively addressing the heterogeneous character of the illness. In recent times, personalized medicine has surfaced as a revolutionary resolution, customizing treatment strategies in accordance with an individual's health attributes, lifestyle choices, and genetic composition. This review underscores the significance of genetic screening in forecasting susceptibility to diabetes and treatment response, while also emphasizing the potential of pharmacogenomics to optimize medication selection.Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, genes, Pharmacogenetics, Personalized Medicine}
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BackgroundHormones such as prolactin, by influencing expression of the endometrial genes, play a pivotalrole in embryo implantation and development. The present study aimed to evaluate serum level of prolactin andits effect on altering expression level of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor(CSF-1R) genes in endometrial tissue during in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy in the infertile womenand recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), compared to fertile women, who lost their pregnancies at gestational age<20 weeks.Materials and MethodsIn this case-control study, 40 infertile women, 40 IVF pregnant women with RPL and 40fertile women who lost their pregnancies at <20 weeks of gestation for unknown reasons were selected. Prolactinserum level was assessed using ELISA technique and expression of CSF-1 and CSF-1R genes was determined inendometrial tissue, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsMean prolactin level of the infertile group was 24.38 ± 1.43 ng/mL and it had statistically significantrelationship with the fertile group (P<0.001). Expression level of the CSF-1 and CSF-1R genes were higher in thefertile than infertile groups by 2.88 times (P<0.0001) and 2.64 times (P<0.0001), while it was respectively 2.28(P<0.0001) and 1.69 (P<0.0001) times higher compared to the RPL group. Risk factors for pregnancy loss, suchas aging, increased body mass index (BMI), smoking and diabetes caused decreasing changes in gene expression(CSF-1 and CSF-1R) and the differences were statistically significant, except in the infertile group.ConclusionThe present study showed a significant relationship of CSF-1 and CSF-1R expression levels with pregnancyloss. Risk factors such as aging, obesity, smoking and diabetes decreased both genes expression levels.Keywords: genes, infertility, Miscarriage, Prolactin, Recurrent Pregnancy Loss}
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سابقه و هدف
وجود میتوکندریال DNA در فرآورده های خونی می تواند باعث تغییرات فیزیولوژیک سلول ها و در نهایت بروز عوارض در بیماران گردد. هدف از این مطالعه، ارزیابی تاثیر مدت زمان ذخیره سازی بر روی تعداد نسخه میتوکندریال DNA آزاد در فرآورده های گلبول قرمز متراکم و گلبول های قرمز کم لکوسیت بود.
مواد و روش هادر یک مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی، تعداد 15 واحد گلبول قرمز متراکم تهیه شده از خون کامل و 15 عدد گلبول قرمز کم لکوسیت وارد مطالعه شدند. پس از ارزیابی پارامترهای هماتولوژیک در هر کیسه با استفاده از روش RT-PCR تعداد نسخه میتوکندریال DNA آزاد، در فرآورده های خون در روزهای 0 ، 5 و 35 انجام گردید. پس از جمع آوری داده ها، آزمایش شاپیرو و من ویتنی انجام و تجزیه و تحلیل با نرم افزار 2009 REST صورت گرفت.
یافته هامیانگین هموگلوبین در کیسه های خون gr/dL 3/4 ± 6/17 بود. میانگین پلاکت در کیسه های گلبول قرمز نیز 60/50 ± 02/132 هزار در میلی متر مکعب خون، هم چنین میانگین شمارش گلبول های قرمز نیز 14/0 ± 07/6 میلیون در هر میکرولیتر خون و میانگین شمارش گلبول های سفید در کیسه خون نیز 3/2 ± 98/4 در میکرولیتر بود. تعداد نسخه میتوکندریال DNA آزاد در فرآورده گلبول قرمز متراکم در مقایسه با فرآورده گلبول قرمز کم لکوسیت در روزهای 5 و 35 بیشتر بود.
نتیجه گیریتعداد نسخه میتوکندریال DNA آزاد در فرآورده های گلبول قرمز متراکم بیشتر از گلبول قرمز کم لکوسیت بود و ارتباط مستقیمی بین میزان WBC و تعداد نسخه میتوکندریال DNA آزاد وجود دارد.
کلید واژگان: گلبول های قرمز, میتوکندریال, ژن ها}Background and ObjectivesThe mitochondrial DNA in blood products can cause physiological changes in cells and patient complications. This study aims to evaluate the effect of storage time on the copy number of free mitochondrial DNA in products of RBCs and leukoreduced red blood cells.
Materials and MethodsIn a cross-sectional descriptive study, 15 units of RBCs and 15 units of leukoreduced red blood cells were evaluated. After determining the hematological parameters and the average blood cell count in each bag, the free mitochondrial DNA copy number was evaluated using the RT-PCR method. The mitochondrial DNA copy number was measured in blood products on days 0, 5 and 35. After data collection, Shapiro and Mann-Whitney tests were performed and the analysis was done using REST 2009 software.
ResultsThe average hemoglobin level in the blood bags was 17.6 ± 4.3 gr/dL. The mean platelet count in packed RBC bags was 132.02 ± 50.60´1000/mm3 of blood. The mean number of red blood cells was 6.07 ± 0.14 million per microliter of blood and the mean WBC count in the blood bags was 4.98 ± 2.3 per microliter. The number of free mitochondrial DNA copies in the packed RBC product was higher compared to the leukocyte-less RBC products on days 5 and 35.
Conclusions :
The free mitochondrial DNA copy number in RBCs bags was higher than leukoreduced RBCs,
and a direct relationship between the amount of WBC and the number of free mtDNA copy number was observed.Keywords: RBCs, Mitochondrial, Genes} -
Background
Cytokine storm is an aberrant response from the host immune system, and a main responsibility for the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The existence of the virus induced cytokine has been linked to mortality in patients with COVID-19. The study was aimed to review the genes that role in cytokine storm as therapeutic targets in patients with COVID-19.We demonstrated the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in conditions that are often associated with COVID-19. Hyperproduction of mostly pro-inflammatory cytokines such as, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, and Chemokines, which target lung tissue preferentially, can significantly worsen the prognosis in almost all cases. Data about the cytokines in this disease will support the development of more useful COVID-19 patient management strategies. In the management of COVID-19 patients, targeting cytokines can decrease mortality and increase survival rates.
Keywords: COVID-19, Cytokine storm, Therapy, Genes} -
Background
Leishmaniasis is currently considered a re-emerging or emerging infection based on the geographic region. The outcome of leishmaniasis vastly depends on Leishmaniahost interaction. This preliminary study aimed to show the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II genes with healed and non-healed cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and symptomatic and asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) compared with control groups in Iran.
MethodsNinety-five people, including 31 patients versus 64 individuals in the control group, were enrolled. Among them, 20 patients had confirmed CL based on amastigote observation, 10 had improved CL and 10 non-healed CL. Eleven patients were suffering from confirmed VL based on direct agglutination test (Five asymptomatic and six symptomatic VL cases). Besides, they were residents in an endemic area of VL in the northwest of Iran. To select a control group, it was ensured that they had no history of leishmaniasis. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient. After DNA extraction, HLA typing was conducted using polymerase chain reaction - sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP). Subsequently, data were statistically analyzed by SPSS.
ResultsThere was a statistical relationship between the presence of HLA-A26 and CL, healed CL and the existence of the B38 allele, C1 allele and symptomatic VL, as well as B1.4 allele and asymptomatic VL (P˂0.05).
ConclusionThis primary finding indicates that several HLA genes have a potential role in the susceptibility of Iranian people to CL and VL.
Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Immunology, HLA, Genes, Iran} -
Background
Many researchers have tried to identify bladder cancer biomarkers to reduce the need for cystoscopy. The aim of this study was to identify and measure appropriate transcripts in patient urine to develop a non-invasive screening test.
MethodsFrom February 2020 to May 2022, 49 samples were obtained from Velayat Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Twenty-two samples were obtained from bladder cancer patients and 27 from bladder cancer-free subjects. RNA was extracted from participant samples, quantitative RT-PCR was performed, and TNP plots were used to assess IGF2 (NCBI Gene ID: 3481), KRT14 (NCBI Gene ID: 3861) and KRT20 (NCBI Gene ID: 54474) expression. For UCSC Xena analysis, Dataset ID: TCGA-BLCA was used to compare transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and normal samples for survival rates.
ResultsIGF and KRT14 were more greatly expressed in patient urine samples than in those of the normal group. However, KRT20 expression did not significantly differ between the two groups. IGF2 had 45.45 and 88.89% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, for detecting TCC in urine samples while KRT14 had 59 and 88.89% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Also, these results infer that overexpression of IGF would be prognosticators of poor TCC outcomes.
ConclusionsOur study showed that IGF2 and KRT14 are overexpressed in bladder cancer patient urine, and IGF2 could be a potential biomarker for poor prognoses in TCC.
Keywords: Biomarkers, Diagnosis, Genes, Liquid biopsy, Urinary bladder neoplasms} -
Background
This study aimed to assess MOB1A and B gene polymorphisms in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP. Several of premalignant lesions such as, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral lichen planus (OLP), and submucosal fibrosis can undergo malignant transformation and lead to oral cancer and non-invasive screening of patients to find those susceptible to SCC before progression to cancer would be highly beneficial.
Materials and MethodsThis case-control study was conducted on 35 OLP patients and 35 healthy controls presenting to the Oral Medicine Department of Zahedan Dental School 2015 -2017. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from both groups, and MOB1A and B gene polymorphisms were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The two groups were compared by the Chi-square test (alpha=0.05).
ResultsTwo groups had no significant difference in the frequency of T and G alleles for MOB1A gene polymorphisms. (P>0.05) and either two groups had no significant difference in the frequency of A and C alleles for MOB1B gene polymorphism's (P>0.05).
ConclusionThe present results showed no significant difference between the case and control groups regarding MOB1A and B gene polymorphisms; thus, MOB1A and B gene polymorphisms do not appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of OLP.
Keywords: Genes, polymorphisms, MOB1A, MOB1B, Lichen Planus, oral} -
The most common cancer in women is breast cancer (BC) with an incidence of 24.2%. BC in younger patients will in general be more forceful, prompting more awful results and a requirement for more forceful treatment which may bring about a higher probability of long-haul treatment-related harmfulness and novel psychosocial issues. Furthermore, family inclination to BC as BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations is more prevalent in this age group. There were a total of five ladies who had tumor pathology testing with negative results. All intrusive BC examples were regularly assessed for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)/neu status utilizing immunohistochemistry. Cases with HER2/neu staining of 1+, 2+ or 3+ on immunohistochemistry examination were additionally assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization for the enhancement of the HER2/neu quality. In this examination, we distinguished clinicopathological attributes of patients with BC. We partitioned into two gatherings, BRCA positive change and BRCA negative transformation. Roughly 5%-10% instances of BC have a positive family ancestry and about 20%-40% BC development were in acquired variations. Our study revealed that 20% of cases included individuals who had a family history of BRCA mutation. Male relatives with BC, earlier age at onset, a greater prevalence of reciprocal breast disease, and a connection to various malignancies in the ovary, colon, prostate, pancreas, and endometrial are only a few of the clear clinical characteristics of BRCA1/2-related BC.
Keywords: Breast neoplasms, Genes, BRCA1, BRCA2, Immunohistochemistry} -
مقدمه:
بیماری سیستیک فیبروزیس، یکی از کشنده ترین اختلالات چندسیستمی و شایع ترین بیماری اتوزومال مغلوب در جمعیت سفیدپوستان است که به علت جهش در پروتیین های تنظیم کننده ی غشایی فیبروزکیستی (Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductive regulate) CFTR رخ می دهد. فراوانی این جهش ها بر اساس موقعیت جغرافیایی و نژاد متفاوت می باشد. شایع ترین موتاسیون در این ژن، F508del می باشد. این مطالعه به منظور شناسایی سایر جهش های احتمالی ژن دخیل در بیماری فیبروزسیستیک در استان خوزستان انجام گردید.
روش هادر این مطالعه ابتدا خون محیطی در لوله ی حاوی ضد انعقاد EDTA گرفته شد و پس از استخراج DNA، مرحله ی PCR با پرایمرهای اختصاصی و الکتروفورز انجام شد. بعد از آن توالی یابی DNA با استفاده از دستگاه سکانس صورت گرفت و در نهایت آنالیز داده ها برای اگزون های مورد نظر انجام گردید.
یافته هاشایع ترین جهش در بیماری سیستیک فیبروزیس جهش F508del می باشد. دو موتاسیون جدید در بین بیماران شناسایی شد که این جهش ها در اگزون 26 ناحیه ی IVS25-1 و اگزون 18 در ناحیه ی IVS18+42 قرار دارند.
نتیجه گیریجهش های به دست آمده از این مطالعه به هر دو شکل هتروزیگوت و هموزیگوت بوده و می تواند برای تشخیص ناقلین، تشخیص پیش از تولد و انجام اقدامات درمانی حایز اهمیت باشد.
کلید واژگان: ژن, CFTR, سیستیک فیبروزیس, اگزون, توالی ژنتیکی}BackgroundCystic fibrosis is one of the most fatal multisystem disorders and the most common autosomal recessive disease in the white population, which occurs due to mutations in cystic fibrosis membrane regulatory proteins (CFTR). The frequency of these mutations varies based on geographic location and race. The most common mutation in this gene is F508del. This study was conducted to identify other possible gene mutations involved in fibrocystic disease in Khuzestan province.
MethodsIn this study, first peripheral blood was taken on EDTA anticoagulant, and after DNA extraction, the PCR stage was performed with specific primers and electrophoresis. After that, DNA sequencing was done using Chromas software and finally, data analysis was done for the desired exons.
FindingsThe most common mutation in cystic fibrosis is the F508del mutation. Two new mutations were identified among the patients, and these mutations are located in exon 26 of the IVS25-1 region and exon 18 in the IVS18+42 region.
ConclusionThe mutations obtained from this study are both heterozygous and homozygous and can be important for carrier detection, prenatal diagnosis, and treatment.
Keywords: CFTR, Genes, Cystic fibrosis, Exons, genetic sequence} -
Background
In spite of many reports on persistent low CD4 T cell counts and change in immune-related gene expression level in patients with HIV infection, there is still uncertainty about significant association between gene expression level and HIV infection in patients with and without DIR. The aim of this study was to compare the expression level of CD4, CCL5, IFN-γ, STAT1, APOBEC3G, CD45, and ICAM-1 genes in HIV-1-positive patients with and without DIR.
MethodsIn this study, 30 HIV-1-positive patients (15 patients with and 15 patients without DIR [control group]) were included. PBMCs of the patients were collected through density radient centrifugation with Ficoll-Hypaque. RNeasy Plus Mini kit was used to extract RNA. Relative expression levels of CD4, CCL5, IFN-γ, STAT1, APOBEC3G, CD45, and ICAM-1 genes were evaluated by real-time PCR. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
ResultsCD4 T cell counts were significantly lower in DIR patients than the control group (p < 0.01). While there was no significant difference in the relative expression levels of CD4, CCL5, IFN-γ, STAT1, CD45, and ICAM-1 between patients with DIR and control group, APOBEC3G expression level was significantly higher in the patients with DIR as compare to the control group (p < 0.01).
ConclusionOur findings suggest a significantly higher APOBEC3G expression level in patients with DIR, suggesting the potential role of APOBEC3G in patients with immunological discordance besides its suppressing role in HIV-1 infection. Confirmation of this hypothesis requires further research.
Keywords: Genes, HIV-1, Immunity, Patients} -
Objective (s)
This study aims to evaluate the in vivo anticancer activity of arginine-reduced graphene (Gr-Arg) and ginsenoside Rh2-containing arginine-reduced graphene (Gr-Arg-Rh2).
Materials and MethodsThirty-two mice with breast cancer were divided into four groups and treated every three days for 32 days: Group 1, PBS, Group 2, Rh2, Group 3, Gr-Arg, and Group 4, Gr-Arg-Rh2. The tumor size and weight, gene expression (IL10, INF-γ, TGFβ, and FOXP3), and pathological properties of the tumor and normal tissues were assessed.
ResultsResults showed a significant decrease in TGFβ expression for all drug treatment groups compared with the controls (P=0.04). There was no significant difference among the groups regarding IL10 and FOXP3 gene expression profiles (P>0.05). Gr-Arg-Rh2 significantly inhibited tumor growth (size and weight) compared with Rh2 and control groups. The highest survival rate and the highest percentage of tumor necrosis (87.5%) belonged to the Gr-Arg-Rh2 group. Lungs showed metastasis in the control group. No metastasis was observed in the Gr-Arg-Rh2 group. Gr-Arg-Rh2 showed partial degeneration of hepatocytes and acute cell infiltration in the portal spaces and around the central vein. The Gr-Arg group experienced a moderate infiltration of acute cells into the port spaces and around the central vein. The Rh2 group also showed a mild infiltration of acute and chronic cells in portal spaces.
ConclusionBased on the results, Gr-Arg-Rh2 can reduce tumor size, weight, and growth, TGF-β gene expression, and increase tumor necrosis and survival time in mice with cancer.
Keywords: Arginine, Breast Cancer, Genes, Ginsenoside Rh2, Graphene, Tumor} -
مقدمه:
نوروپاتی دیابت (Diabetic neuropathy) DN منجر به راه اندازی مسیرهای متعددی از جمله فشار اکسایشی و تخریب عروق ریز و همچنین تخریب عوامل درگیر در شبکه ی (Sarcoplasmic reticulum) SR عضلات می گردد. هدف از مطالعه ی حاضر، بررسی اثر یک دوره ی تمرین اینتروال شدید بر بیان ژن های درگیر در جریان کلسیم در عضله EDL رت های مبتلا به دیابت بود.
روش هاپژوهش حاضر از نوع تجربی و بنیادی- توسعه ای است. 48 سر رت صحرایی نر به چهار گروه دیابت تمرین، دیابت، تمرین و گروه شاهد تقسیم شدند. برنامه ی گروه تمرینی به مدت 4 هفته و هر هفته 5 جلسه بود. کل هر جلسه تمرین روی نوارگردان 44 دقیقه بود. از آزمون آماری واریانس دو سویه (two way ANOVA) برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها استفاده شد.
یافته هاتمرین تناوبی شدید منجر به کاهش معنی دار در بیان ژن های Orai و MG29 و کاهش غیر معنی دار در بیان ژن Stim1 عضله ی بازکننده ی طویل انگشتان رت های صحرایی نر مبتلا به دیابت نسبت به سایر گروه ها شد.
نتیجه گیریبه نظر می رسد تمرینات ورزشی به صورت تمرین تناوبی شدید، قادر به تعدیل اختلال بیان Orai، MG29، Stim1 در حالت دیابت بود که ممکن است به واسطه ی سازوکارهای گوناگونی نظیر کنترل عوامل استرس اکسایشی و عوامل رشدی باشد و از این طریق اثرات سودمند خود را بر عوارض بیماری دیابت اعمال کند.
کلید واژگان: نروپاتی دیابتی, تمرین اینتروال, ژن ها, EDL, رت های صحرایی}BackgroundDiabetic neuropathy (DN) leads to the initiation of several pathways, including oxidative stress and destruction of small vessels, as well as the destruction of factors involved in the SR network of muscle. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the high intensity interval training on the expression of genes involved in calcium flow in the EDL muscle of diabetic rats.
MethodsThe current research was experimental development study. In total, 48 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: training diabetes, diabetes, training and control group. The training group performed the interval training program for 4 weeks and 5 sessions per week. Each training session on the treadmill lasted for 44 minutes. The statistical test of two-way variance (two-way ANOVA) was used for analyzing the data.
FindingsHigh intensity interval training led to a non-significant decrease in Stim1 gene expression. And there was a significant decrease in the expression of Orai and MG29 genes in the long extensor digitorum muscle of male rats.
ConclusionIt is possible HIIT training is able to modulate the expression disorder of Orai, MG29, and Stim1 in diabetes, which may be due to various mechanisms such as controlling oxidative stress factors and growth factors. It seems it exerts its beneficial effects on the Side-effects of diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetic neuropathies, High-Intensity Interval Training, Genes, EDL, Rats} -
International Journal of Molecular and Clinical Microbiology, Volume:13 Issue: 1, Winter and Spring 2023, PP 1810 -1819Nowadays, bacterial toxins are considering as powerful therapeutic strategies against the pathogenic organisms and other medical application. Shiga toxin is one of the most studied bacterial toxins found in Shigella dysenteriae and some Escherichia coli serogroups. In this study we screened the presence of Shiga toxin2 (Stx2) genes between the bacteria isolated from the stool and urine samples of the patients affected by diarrhea. Stool and urine samples were cultivated and microbial and biochemical tests were carried out. Well test was optimized for detection of killer phenotype of the bacteria. Colony-PCR and real-time PCR was performed for confirmation of presence of the Stx2 gene in the extracted genomic DNA of the isolated bacteria, and finally, SDS-PAGE was used for differential analysis of protein profile between killer and non-killer bacteria. We optimized in this study a rapid molecular method for screening of Shiga toxin 2 gene. Our presented condition for assay is referable and confident. Also, we purified, detected and analyzed functionally, Shiga toxin 2 peptide and recorded bacterial strains producing Stx2 toxin. In the future, real-time PCR assays can be developed for detection of Enterobacteriaceae virulence genes, including Stx and other its groups. The current study demonstrate that the real-time PCR technique is rapid and simple to use, and it is a promising method for identify Enterobacteriaceae toxins in human samples.Keywords: Evaluation, Stx2, Genes, Bacteria, patients}
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مقدمه
ژنتیک، تغذیه و سبک زندگی در ایجاد چاقی و دیابت تیپ 2 با یکدیگر تعامل دارند. از طرفی گزارش های ضد و نقیضی در مورد تاثیر ورزش های قدرتی بر سلامت قلب و عروق و فاکتور های متابولیکی در ورزشکاران سنگین وزن نخبه وجود دارد. هدف از نگارش مقاله حاضر گزارش تغییرات تک نوکلیوتیدی در برخی از ژن های مرتبط با قدرت عضلانی و دیابت تیپ 2 در یک ورزشکار سنگین وزن نخبه با استفاده از روش توالی یابی کل اگزوم بود.
موردپس از اخذ رضایت نامه کتبی از یکی از ورزشکاران عضو تیم ملی وزنه برداری مردان، 5 سی سی خون دریافت شد. پس از استخراج DNA از نمونه خون جهت بررسی ژن ها از روش توالی یابی کل اگزوم استفاده شد.
نتیجه گیریتغییرات تک نوکلیوتیدی در ژن های KCNJ11(rs5213, rs5215, rs1800467, rs5219) و PCK1(707555) در ژنوم این ورزشکار مشاهده شد. همچنین واریانت های جدید (230845794A>G و 230845977G>A) در ژن AGT و (61564052A>G و (61573761T>C در ژن ACE مشاهده شد. مطالعات جدید با حجم نمونه بیشتر لازم است تا ارتباط دقیقه این واریانت ها با قدرت عضلانی و یا دیابت تیپ 2 در ورشکاران قدرتی سنگین وزن نخبه را مشخص سازد.
کلید واژگان: ژن, ورزش, ورزشکار نخبه, دیابت تیپ 2, عضلات}IntroductionGenetics, nutrition and lifestyle interact to cause type 2 diabetes and obesity. On the other hand, there are conflicting reports about the effect of strength training on cardiovascular health and metabolic factors in professional heaviest-weight-class athletes. The aim of this article was to report single nucleotide changes in some genes associated with muscle strength and type 2 diabetes in an elite heaviest-weight-class athlete using the WES method.
CaseAfter obtaining written consent from one of the athletes in the men's national weightlifting team, 5 cc of blood was received. After DNA extraction from blood sample, the WES method was used to examine the genes.
ConclusionSingle nucleotide changes in KCNJ11 (rs5213, rs5215, rs1800467, rs5219) and PCK1 (707555) genes were observed in the athlete's genome. New variants (230845794A> G and 230845977G> A) were also observed in the AGT gene and (61564052A> G and (61573761T> C) in the ACE gene. New studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the exact association of these variants with muscle strength or type 2 diabetes in elite heaviest-weight-class in weightlifters.
Keywords: Genes, Exercise, Elite Athletes, Type 2 diabetes, muscles} -
Background
Epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation are known as the main cause of different types of cancers through inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, especially thyroid cancer. Identification of novel and effective markers are important in diagnosis and prevention of thyroid cancer. In the present study, the expression and methylation of Solute carrier family 5 member 8 (SLC5A8) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) in comparison to multinodular goiter (MNG) have been studied.
MethodsOverall, 41 patients with PTC and 36 patients affected by MNG were recruitedfrom four hospitals in Tehran and Qazvin, Iran in 2018. Thyroid tissues were obtained during thyroidectomy. RNA and DNA were extracted from thyroid tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR assay was performed for determining the mRNA level of SLC5A8while Methylation-Sensitive High-Resolution Methylation was applied for assessing the methylation status.
ResultsMethylation status of three regions composed of 52 CpG islands in the promoter of SLC5A8gene was studied by HRM assay. SLC5A8level in PTC tissues was significantly downregulated in average 0.4 fold in comparisonwith MNG tissues (P=0.05). The aberrant methylation of SLC5A8(b) region was remarkably different in PTC and MNG cases. The promoter methylation of SLC5A8(c) was significantly related to BRAFmutations and vascular invasion in PTC patients.
ConclusionThe aberrant promoter hyper methylation of SLC5A8 was related to aggressive PTC. Therefore, there is some evidence to support the hypothesis that SLC5A8could be a paly important role in the develop-ment of PTC.
Keywords: DNA methylation, Gene expression, Genes, Tumor suppressor, Thyroid cancer, Papillary}
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