جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « grounded theory » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The third principle of the Code of Ethics for Professional Practice in Psychology and Counselling Organization Islamic Republic of Iran is “the principle of benefit and non-harm”. Despite such advice, the field of clinical psychology and counseling in Iran has been indifferent to the harmfulness of some interventions and their reporting in research. Despite decades of identifying the negative effects of psychotherapy, there is still ambiguity in understanding theharm, its foundations and consequences. Furthermore, in literature review, defining harm has often focused on the opinions of professionals and therapists, and there is less availability of a clear understanding of the experiences of clients as individuals who benefit from these services.

Methods and Materials:

 The current study is an exploratory study using qualitative research method. The research tool was semi-structured interviews, conducted with 16 participants who were selected purposefully during the coding stages and considered their experience of attending psychotherapy sessions to be harmful. The data was analyzed using the grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin with the MAXQDA software and continued until saturation of categories was reached..

 The recorded information was coded and classified into secondary codes, categories and classes. The therapist's authority and the weakness of the therapeutic relationship were identified as causal conditions related to the therapist, along with the client's sense of helplessness, idolization of the therapist, and limited awareness of patient rights and the treatment process as causal conditions related to the client. According to the analysis of the participants' opinions, the main categories of harm were found to be shame and thought about being abused.

In the realm of harm, there has not been much attention to the interpersonal nature of psychotherapy, and the focus has been on harmful interventions and incorrect decisions made by therapists. The results show that each therapist and each psychotherapy has the potential to harm clients. What can make psychotherapy harmful for clients is the lack of appropriate responsiveness from the therapist to the clients' inner experiences, especially when their negative experiences are related to the therapist-client relationship.

Identifying and presenting the professional development models of counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran can help them perform reasonably and appropriately and improve their abilities. The current research was conducted with the aim of designing the model of professional development of counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran based on the Grounded Theory.

The present study is of a qualitative type, which was conducted with the Grounded Theory approach. The statistical population of this research included all counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran in 2022. The method of sampling was purposive and snowball. The number of samples reached 21 semi-structured interviews using the principle of theoretical saturation. In this research, to measure the validity of the findings, 4 criteria of credibility, generalizability, reliability and verifiability were used, and the method of reviewing the interview texts by the interviewees and the two-coder method was used to measure the reliability of the findings. Data analysis was done with open, axial and selective coding. 

The components of causal conditions include work conscience, purposefulness, interest, motivation for growth and development, and correct policy making; the components of the phenomena include improving knowledge and strengthening individual characteristics; the component of the context include the organization of psychology and counseling and excellent quality of education; the component of intervention conditions include lack of scientific flexibility, lack of scientific openness and commercialization of education; the component of strategies included individual and collaborative strategies, and the component of consequences included building trust in referred, increasing the self-confidence of counselors, increasing the quality of counseling, and therapeutic alliance. 

6 selected codes under the title of components (causal condition, background, phenomena, intervention, strategies, and consequences), 16 axial codes, and 118 open codes were identified. It is suggested that the authorities of higher education and the organization of the psychology and counseling system consider the designed model and provide a suitable platform for the professional development of counselors of counseling and psychology centers in Tehran.

Veterans and the disabled are among the people who can make better use of their free time by doing sports activities. The purpose of the present research was to present the development model of sports participation in leisure time of veterans and disabled people with sensory impairments (hearing and visual impairments) and physical and movement impairments (having problems with movement and physical condition) with a Grounded Theory.

The current qualitative research was conducted with the Grounded Theory approach. The research community included psychologists, sports experts, people with organizational positions in sports organizations across the country, sports coaches in sports clubs across the country, and university lecturers in the field of sports management from across the country in 2022. The number of samples using the principle of theoretical saturation was 18 people, which were selected using the snowball method. Data collection was done by semi-structured interview. To measure the validity of the findings, four criteria were used, including validity, generalizability, reliability, and confirmability, and to measure the reliability of the interviews, the test-retest method and the within-subject agreement method were used. Finally, data analysis was done by coding method and using Max QDA. 12.

Causal conditions including (social-cultural factors, economic factors, political factors, technological-environmental factors), context (development of economic resources, development of hardware infrastructure, production of sports programs), phenomenon (enhancement of the development process of sports), intervening conditions (improvement of social capital, improvement of psychological capital), strategies (talent cultivation, mental and psychological empowerment, physical empowerment) and consequences (social solidarity, social participation, national and international functions, improvement of quality of life) .

The existence of 6 selective codes of the components of causal conditions, context, phenomenon, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences, and 17 axial codes and 49 open codes were identified. Sports practitioners and planners are suggested to improve their health as a member of society by institutionalizing cooperative sports among veterans and disabled people.

The present study was aims to investigating the derivers, behaviors, and consequences of the fear of missing out (FOMO) in Iranian youth.

This is qualitative study using the grounded theory. Participants were 21 young adults with FOMO aged 18-25 in Mashhad, Iran. Sampling was done using a purposeful sampling method until reaching data saturation. Przybylski’s FOMO scale was used to diagnose FOMO in samples. Unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data. In addition, semi-structured interviews with experts were conducted for data richness. 

We extracted one central theme “trying to achieve self-adequacy” and eight main themes including inadequacy of the family, personal factors, biosocial challenges, perpetuating factors, resulting failures, short-term successes, drowning in FOMO, and rescue from FOMO.

The FOMO in Iranian youth originates from their lack of self-adequacy. It is necessary to pay attention to and strengthen the sense of self-adequacy in young adults to prevent the development of FOMO.

Knowledge creation is the most basic source of innovation and learning for educational organizations, especially military ones. Military nursing, as a new field, plays a vital role in improving the health of military forces and society. Therefore, this research was performed to a pattern for organizational knowledge creation in military nursing education.

This qualitative study was performed using the systematic strategy of grounded theory by Strauss and Corbin (2015) approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 16 experts and university professors with experience in the field of military nursing and continued until theoretical saturation. Participants were selected by the theoretical sampling method. Data analysis was done by constant comparative method and theoretical coding, and then the paradigm pattern was explained. The correctness and strength of the collected data were evaluated based on Lincoln and Goba criteria.

The findings led to the identification of 27 components, in the form of a paradigm pattern, that include the central phenomenon (organizational knowledge creation), "causal components" with sub-factors (sovereign will to creating knowledge, educational system of military nursing, individual and skill competencies and motivational factors), "contextual components" with sub-factors (demographic characteristics, infrastructures and equipment, information technology and scientific resources, research structure, organizational culture, management factors, educational organization strategies), "intervening components" with sub-factors (organizational conflict, security factors, economic resources, environmental factors, Educational inter organizational interactions), "strategic components" with sub-factors ( Creating a knowledge creation system, experiences recording, content production and publications, meta-technology of learning, improvement and  promotion of curriculum, targeted recruitment of human resources, empowerment of professors and specialized training of nursing students) and "Consequent components" with sub-factors (acquiring scientific authority and responding to the needs of the organization and society).

The presented pattern shows managerial, scientific, technological, and organizational importance for the realization of knowledge creation in the field of military nursing education. Careful monitoring, extensive measures, and the implementation of appropriate programs and policies in the above fields can lead to increasing scientific authority and responding to the needs of the organization and society.

The purpose of this study was to provide a model of institutionalization of happiness in sports science students based on the Grounded Theory.

The research method was applied in terms of objective and qualitative in terms of data using data base theory (systematic approach). The participants were 10 professors of educational sciences, psychology, sports sciences and 4 students of sports sciences. The research tool was semi-structured interviews. Validation was done using alignment approach. To achieve this purpose, several types of alignment including the use of multiple sources for data (the presence of different groups as contributors), and multiple reviewers (two people) were performed to verify emerging findings. The method of data analysis was done using three-stage open, central and selective coding. All data were analyzed and checked using Max Kyoda software version 2020.

The findings of the research include 6 selected components (causal conditions, phenomenon, context, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences), 30 core codes and 136 open codes.

The findings showed that the basic strategies of revitalization include the development of professors' abilities (in areas related to teaching and learning, class management, interaction and communication with students, and assessment and evaluation), flexibility and the existence of justice in university rules, interaction and participation. Students were in university programs and holding visits, camps, and events related to academic units.

The most important criterion for a healthy family is choosing a suitable spouse and the couple's satisfaction with marriage.

The aim of this study was to investigate the paradigmatic model of choosing a spouse and satisfaction in satisfied couples in Tehran.

The method of the current research was qualitative and of the type of grounded theory paradigm studies. The statistical population of the research includes couples who have gone to marriage counseling centers for pre-marriage counseling centers in Tehran between 2017-2019, and among them, 15 people were selected through targeted sampling. The obtained information was also analyzed through coding according to the model of Strauss and Corbin.

Finally, all the included paradigm patterns were obtained in the form of main components and sub-components and operational concepts. The central category included two components: wise and healthy choice and perspective transition to a stable marriage; causal conditions: macro-influencing factors and independence and differentiation of couples and relationship with the main family; background conditions: family similarities and cultural similarities; intervening conditions: components of belief and cognitive systems of couples and behavioural action of couples in the process of choosing a spouse; the strategies: marriage care strategies and communication strategies; the consequences: psychological and social consequences for couples and consequences for children.

It can be concluded that in Iranian culture, several factors at different levels of choosing a spouse, behavioral and cognitive features of couples as well as marriage care strategies affect selection of a satisfactory spouse, Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and couple therapists to formulate their interventions based on this.

Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) includes defects in the muscle and ligament plates that cause disruption in the anterior, middle, and posterior walls. Facing the symptoms of these disorders can affect many aspects of a woman's life.The results of the studies showed a lack of knowledge on this process.Therefore,the present study aimed to explain the process of women 's confrontation with the symptoms of pelvic floor disorders.

This research was conducted between2017 to 2020.38 participants were entered through purposive and theoretical sampling.Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews to answer the research question. In order to identify how women deal with the symptoms of PFDs, the Granded Theorey based on Corbin and Strauss(2015)was used.Data were analyzed in four phases, 1-Analysis of data for concepts. 2-for context. 3-for Process and 4- Integrating Categories. MAXQDA10 software was used to help manage and analyze qualitative data.

In the present study, the main concern of the participants was "Deprivation of normal life" and the theory extracted from the data was "symptom management in order to normalize the situation". This theory was the result of five actions / reactions. Finally, it had consequences with a range of adaptations to the disease and partial recovery.Participants'concerns occur in the context of"dominance of symptoms on the dimensions of individual and interpersonal life" which included seven sub-concepts.

The main result of this study is the presentation of the theory of "symptom management to normalize the situation"which explains the process of women experiencing symptoms of PFDs.

Stuttering is one of the speech disorders that appears in childhood. Many studies emphasize early interventions for its treatment. Circumstances such as a lack of therapists and the COVID-19 pandemic have limited the access to face-to-face therapy. Studies show some problems with this type of treatment. A detailed understanding of these problems in a cultural context can help increase the quality of providing telepractice. This study was conducted to discover the telepractice treatment of stuttering in preschool children.

This qualitative study was conducted in Iran from November 2020 to February 2022 using the grounded theory method. In this study, in-depth, free, and individual interviews were conducted with 9 therapists and 5 parents of children who stutter. The data were analyzed using the Corbin and Strauss method, version 2015.

After analyzing the data of this study, 6 main categories, 17 subcategories, and 63 primary categories were extracted. The main categories include “hesitation in choosing telepractice”, “characteristics of family and clients”, “technology and the knowledge to apply it”, “therapist skills for telepractice”, “payment system for telepractice fees”, and “efficiency of telepractice”.

In this study, “efficiency of telepractice” was chosen as the central concept that all participants were concerned about in some way. According to this model, “hesitation in choosing telepractice”, “characteristics of family and clients”, and “technology and the knowledge to apply it” as the context have effects on the processes that are taking place in relation to the telepractice in preschool children who stutter. These processes include “therapist skills for telepractice” and “ payment system for telepractice fees”. In the end, all these things increase the efficiency of telepractice.

Every society has a degree of media literacy about health, and the media are the most prominent educators, especially in health. In the meantime, the nature of the jobs of hospital and medical training centre employees is such that they always face health challenges. Since the close relationship between media and human health is undeniable, this research aimed to present a health promotion model based on the media literacy of the educational staff of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.

The research method was a qualitative content analysis based on "grounded theory", and the research tool was a semi-structured in-depth interview with the statistical community consisting of experts and prominent professors in the field of health and media, with a purposeful method compared to the selection of statistical samples. The theoretical saturation step was carried out in the data with ten samples. Data analysis was done through coding inspired by Glosser's theory and using MaxQDA software, and then the categories related to the model were extracted.

According to the results, in open coding, there were 258 primary codes; in axial coding, 44 major categories; and in selective coding, eight core categories in the form of causal, contextual, intervening conditions, strategies/measures, consequence and central phenomenon. (Health based on media literacy) were classified. To achieve the research goals based on data-based theorizing, health literacy is the main phenomenon as a logical model. It relies on its understanding of conditions (causal, contextual and intervening), specific strategies/measures and consequences.

The research results show that by moving towards this model, we can witness a fundamental improvement in health based on the media literacy of the educational staff of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.