جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "group b streptococcus" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Management of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection in a pregnant woman is one of the serious challenges for gynecologists and infectious disease specialists. The present clinical trial study aimed to investigate the impact of oral probiotic supplements on the rate of vaginal colonization of GBS in pregnant women.

Overall, 64 pregnant patients with vaginal GBS were selected to participate in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=32/each). The intervention group received a probiotic supplement capsule at a dose of 500 mg daily for 30 days, and the control group received a placebo for 30 days. At the end of the study on day 30, the vaginal sample was retaken with a sterile swab, and all the steps performed at the beginning of the study to diagnose GBS were repeated.

The average mean gestation at the first vaginal sampling was 27.09±2.48 weeks. There was no meaningful difference in age between the two groups of patients (P=0.47). Moreover, no considerable difference was found in the body mass index (P=0.37), weeks of gestation (P=0.92), or number of pregnancies (P=0.89) between the two groups. A significant relationship was observed between positive GBS and BMI in pregnant women (P=0.001), but this meaningful relationship was not found between GBS and age of patients (P=0.86) and age of pregnancy (P=0.16). Finally, there was no significant difference between the probiotic and placebo groups in terms of secondary test results for GBS (P=0.07).

In the present study, oral probiotic supplementation did not significantly alter GBS in pregnant women, but for a definite opinion, a study with a larger sample size, different vaginal sampling techniques, a higher dose of oral probiotics, and an increase in the length of the intervention period is essential.

Group B streptococcus leads to the most common aggressive bacterial infection and has the highest morbidity and mortality in infants in the first trimester of life. So based on this importance, in this study we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of group B streptococcal (GBS) positive rectovaginal culture in pregnant women with membrane rupture . This prospective cohort study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in Alzahra and Beheshti hospitals in Isfahan on 312 pregnant women with membrane rupture. The culture of the rectovaginal for GBS was performed, and specimens were evaluated for Streptococcus group B and considered positive or negative. Finally, maternal information and the results of cultures were analyzed, and the correlation between positive rectovaginal cultures and other information was evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups of positive and negative rectovaginal cultures for GBS; there were 22 cases of positive rectovaginal cultures for GBS. No significant differences were observed between the two groups based on age, pregnancy age, abortion history, history of neonatal sepsis, antibiotic usage in pregnancy, interval between admission and delivery, interval between PROM and admission, and neonatal admission in the NICU (p >0.05). 9 cases with positive urine culture and 13 cases with negative urine culture had positive rectovaginal culture for GBS, so there was a significant relationship between rectovaginal culture for GBS and urine culture for GBS (p = 0.001) . Positive rectovaginal culture for GBS is an important risk factor for the mother with PROM and also it can beassociated with the positive urine culture of GBS.

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the relatively common causes of vaginal infection in women of reproductive age, which in case of infection in pregnant women is associated with adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes, such as early neonatal infection, abortion, premature delivery and neonatal death. Considering the different prevalence of GBS in different geographical locations, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of GBS colonization in the vagina of pregnant women referred to Fatemieh hospital in Hamadan city in 2021.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 130 pregnant women referred to Fatemiyeh hospital in Hamadan city in 2021 were examined for GBS colonization using the purpose-based sampling method. Sampling was done using a sterile swab from the vaginal area, and the swabs were transferred to the microbiology laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine after being placed in the Todd Hewitt broth medium. Bacterial diagnostic tests were performed to identify GBS. After registering in the checklist, the results were analyzed with SPSS version 16 software at a confidence level of 95%.

The average age of the studied women was 29.85 ± 6.86 years, in terms of employment status, mostly unemployed and housekeeper (95.4 %), with middle school education (34.6%) and living in the city (93.8 %). About 70% of them had a history of pregnancy at least once, 30% had a history of abortion, 6.2 % had a history of premature birth, 6.9% had a history of gestational hypertension, 16.4 % had a history of gestational diabetes, 3.1 % had a history of genital disease, and 47.7 % had a history of urinary tract infection. The prevalence of GBS was 3.8 %. No significant relationship was observed between the frequency of GBS with the age of pregnant women, gestational age, previous pregnancy records, history of abortion and premature birth, and their disease records.

 Although the colonization of GBS in the vagina of pregnant women referred to Fatemiyeh hospital in Hamedan was low, due to its adverse effect on the outcome of pregnancy, screening for GBS infection and, as a result, its timely diagnosis and treatment is of special importance.

This study was designed to determine the prevalence of serotypes, virulence-associated genes, and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant volunteers attending a major maternity hospital in Iran.

The virulence determinants and antimicrobial resistance profiles of 270 Group B streptococcus (GBS) samples were assessed in the adult participants. The prevalence of GBS serotypes, virulence-associated genes, and antimicrobial resistance of the isolates was determined.

The GBS prevalence in the vaginal, rectal, and urinal carrier rates were 8.9%, 4.44%, and 4.44%, respectively, with no concomitant colonization. The serotypes Ia, Ib, and II were at a 1:2:1 ratio. The rectal isolates, harboring CylE, lmb, and bca genes, were of serotype Ia, susceptible to vancomycin. The serotype Ib from urine samples carrying three distinct virulence genes was susceptible to Ampicillin. In comparison, the same serotype with two virulence genes of CylE and lmb exhibited sensitivity to both Ampicillin and Ceftriaxone. The vaginal isolates belonged to serotype II with the CylE gene or serotype Ib with CylE and lmb genes. These isolates harboring the CylE gene were resistant to Cefotaxime. The overall antibiotic susceptibility range was 12.5-56.25%.

The findings broaden our understanding of the pathogenicity of the prevailing GBS colonization and predict different clinical outcomes.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most important causes of neonatal diseases and postpartum fever. GBS infection can be transmitted from the infected mother to her baby during delivery. This bacterium is also involved in causing urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria, pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis. In addition to capsule, Pilus is known as a virulence factor of GBS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of pilus islands and antibiotic resistance in GBS isolated from urine of pregnant women in Yazd, Iran.

In this cross-sectional study, 33 GBS samples isolated from the urine of pregnant women were studied by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the presence of pilus islands PI-1, PI-2a and PI-2b. Antibiotic resistance phenotype of tetracycline, penicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin, levofloxacin and clindamycin was determined by disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 16.

PI-1+PI-2a was the most frequent pilus island in the GBS isolates 28 (84.8%) and the frequency of PI-2b was 5 (15.2%). The frequency of PI-1+PI-2a was 50% in serotype III and 25%, 14.3%, 7.1% and 3.6% in serotypes Ia, II, Ib and V respectively (P=0.492). The sensitivity of all GBS isolates to penicillin was 93.9% and highest resistance to tetracycline (97%), clindamycin (24.2%) and erythromycin (21.2%).

Most of the GBS urine isolates examined carried the PI-1+PI-2a gene, which increases bacterial potency in colonization and resistance to the immune system. Penicillin was best choice for prevention.

The clinical features of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) are mainly the results of post-streptococcal mimicry. One of the major criteria to diagnose ARF is erythema marginatum. However, the involvement of erythema nodosum has not been reported yet. A middle-aged woman without comorbidities or addiction presented with breathlessness (NYHA-II) of 1 year’s duration with acute exacerbation in the preceding 7 days with fever, dry coughs, bilateral chest pain, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, palpitations, bilateral leg swellings, and multiple tender faint red maculopapular rashes over bilateral shins and posterior ankle regions. Two-dimensional echocardiography confirmed rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and showed mild mitral stenosis, mild-to-moderate mitral regurgitation, severe tricuspid regurgitation, moderate pulmonary arterial hypertension, and an approximate left ventricular ejection fraction of 60%. A skin lesion biopsy showed chronic inflammatory lesions, suggesting erythema nodosum. The patient’s antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer was elevated, suggesting a prior streptococcal infection. Most of the major clinical criteria of ARF are the consequence of the molecular mimicry of Streptococci, especially such skin manifestations as erythema marginatum and subcutaneous nodules. Therefore, erythema nodosum, which also manifests itself as a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to Streptococci, can be considered a major criterion for diagnosing ARF/RHD.  

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is commonly seen during pregnancy due to the various morphological, hormonal, and physiological changes the body undergoes. If left undiagnosed, it can lead to conditions such as pyelonephritis and preterm delivery which could culminate in causing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence, risk factors, microbial profile, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns associated with ASB in a tertiary healthcare center.

A cross‑sectional study was carried out where 150 urine samples were obtained from pregnant women within the gestational age of 13–36 weeks. Randomized stratified sampling was the method of sampling used. A questionnaire was also administered to them to determine potential risk factors. The samples were cultured and identified using biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi‑square test. The graphs and tables were generated using Microsoft Excel and Word.

Out of the 150 samples that were obtained, 8 samples had significant bacteriuria which is a prevalence of 5.33%. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism accounting to 45% of the isolates. The other organisms that were isolated were Enterococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS), Candida albicans, and Group B Streptococcus which measured to 11% of the total distribution each. In the antibiotic sensitivity tests, among the gram‑negative isolates, marked resistance to Ampicillin and Amoxycillin along with sensitivity to Cotrimoxazole and Nitrofurantoin. Of the gram‑positive isolates, there was sensitivity to Ampicillin and Nitrofurantoin. A positive correlation was seen between the age groups of 23–27 and the prevalence of ASB.

The prevalence of ASB in this study shows that ASB is not uncommon in the population. Despite the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and National Health Mission recommendations to make urine check‑ups a routine, it not carried out, possibly due to cost implications. However, it poses a risk for severe maternal and fetal outcomes and hence, should be screened for on a regular basis. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of screening pregnant women for ASB for promoting better maternal and fetal health.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important opportunistic bacterial pathogen that could cause serious infections, especially in neonates, adults, and the elderly. In GBS isolates, a macrolide resistance phenotype that confers constitutive resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B antibiotics (cMLSB phenotype) has become a global concern. On the other hand, little is known about the genetic relatedness and diversity of GBS isolates isolated from various patients in Iran. Hence, this study aimed to determine the genetic relatedness and molecular typing of cMLSB-GBS isolates using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC- PCR) technique.

A total of 100 GBS isolates were collected from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI).  Among them, 52 erythromycin-resistant GBS isolates were selected, and double-disc diffusion (D-zone) technique was applied to determine the MLSB phenotype among the isolates based on CLSI criteria. Then the genetic relatedness of MLSB-GBS isolates was assessed using ERIC-PCR fingerprinting method.

Among 52 erythromycin-resistant GBS isolates, 38 isolates were identified with cMLSB phenotype, nine isolates with M phenotype, and five isolates with iMLSB phenotype. The analysis of ERIC-PCR patterns revealed eight different ERIC types that were divided into seven clusters (A-G) and one single type. Also, four isolates were non-typeable. ERIC type A/ serotype Ib was the most prevalent clone among the isolates.

The current study findings showed a high level of diversity and multiclonal spread of the cMLSB phenotype in Isfahan. ERIC type A/ serotype Ib is the predominant clone circulating among erythromycin-resistant GBS strains.

Group B streptococcus or streptococcus Agalactia is a gram positive beta hemolytic bacteria which is the main factor in neonatal infections. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of GBS in world and clarifying the rate of this infection in Islamic and non-Islamic countries.

We performed a systematic search by using different databases including Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, Psycho-Info ProQuest and Web of Science published up to Feb 2019. We undertook meta-analysis to obtain the pooled estimate of prevalence of GBS colonization in Islamic and non-Islamic countries.

Among 3324 papers searched, we identified 245 full texts of prevalence of GBS in pregnancy; 131 were included in final analysis. The estimated mean prevalence of maternal GBS colonization was 15.5% (CI:95% (14.2-17)) worldwide; which was 14% (CI:95% (11-16.8)) in Islamic and 16.3% (CI:95% (14.6-18.1)) in non-Islamic countries and was statistically significant. Moreover, with regards to sampling area, prevalence of GBS colonization was 11.1 in vagina and 18.1 in vagina-rectum.

Frequent washing of perineum based on religious instructions in Islamic countries can diminish the rate of GBS colonization in pregnant women.

Group B streptococcus is regarded as a potential factor for adverseoutcomes of pregnancy such as preterm birth.

To study the association of maternal vaginal colonization with group Bstreptococcus (GBS) and preterm labor.

From April 2005 to May 2006, vaginal culture for GBS wereconducted in 101 laboring women with a gestational age of 24-37 weeks and 105women admitted for term delivery at maternity center of Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman,Iran. Student`s t test and Chi square test were used to compare continuous andcategorical data between the groups. Using multivariate logistic regression theassociation between GBS colonization and preterm labor was analyzed. P-values<0.05were considered as significant.

Colonization was detected in 9.2% of all mothers. Although GBS colonizationwas found more frequently in preterm than term patients (12 v/s 7 cases), the differencewas not statistically significant. However, GBS positivity was roughly associated withpreterm labor. Age was also a risk factor for GBS colonization. No case of perinatalsepsis occurred during the study period.

Maternal colonization for GBS is relatively low in our center. Increasingage enhances the risk of colonization. Vaginal colonization of GBS is relativelyassociated with preterm labor.